Activity
type: Class

Instantaneous Event
type: Class

version number
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the number of the version of a Procedure, for which we want to manage access control.
domain: Procedure
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the number of the version of a Procedure, for which we want to manage access control.

max repetitions
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the maximum number of repetitions for a Step. If the maxRepetitions is equal to 1, it means that the Step is not repeatable.
domain: Step
range: integer
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the maximum number of repetitions for a Step. If the maxRepetitions is equal to 1, it means that the Step is not repeatable.

was extracted from
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Resource (e.g., a Procedure) to the Resource it was extracted from.
domain: Resource
range: Resource
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Resource (e.g., a Procedure) to the Resource it was extracted from.

Variable
type: Class

question
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the question of a Frequently Asked Question.
domain: Frequently Asked Question
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the question of a Frequently Asked Question.

changelog description
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the changelog description of a Procedure, that details all updates with respect to the previous version of the same Procedure.
domain: Procedure
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the changelog description of a Procedure, that details all updates with respect to the previous version of the same Procedure.

Plan
type: Class

issue cause by user
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the cause of an issue, encountered during a Procedure/Step Execution, as identified and defined by the user.
domain: Issue Occurrence
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the cause of an issue, encountered during a Procedure/Step Execution, as identified and defined by the user.

has step verification
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step of a Procedure to a Step Verification, that is the way in which the execution of the step can be verified.
domain: Step
range: Step Verification
inverse of: is step verification of
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step of a Procedure to a Step Verification, that is the way in which the execution of the step can be verified.

has first step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure or a MultiStep to its first Step.
domain: Class
  union of: Multi Step
  union of: Procedure
range: Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure or a MultiStep to its first Step.

previous version
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Procedure
range includes: Procedure
inverse of: next version
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a version of a Procedure to its direct previous version of the same Procedure.

Irene Celino
type: Person
type: NamedIndividual

with role
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Role In Time
range includes: Role
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Role In Time, that is the role that an Agent holds for a certain Period of Time, to the Role that is held.

Procedure Status
type: Class
comment: This class represents the Status of the Procedure (e.g.,draft, validated).
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), a Procedure is linked to its Procedure Status with the property adms:status.

has output var
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Step
range includes: Variable
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to the Variable that the Step needs to produce as output of the Step Execution.

Agent
type: Class

User Feedback Occurrence
type: Class
comment: This class represents the occurrence of a feedback that was provided by a user during an activity.
subclass of: Instantaneous Event
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents the occurrence of a feedback provided by an Agent during the Procedure or Step Execution. The User Feedback Occurrence is associated with the feedback, that is about either the Procedure or the Procedure Execution, and is linked to the Agent providing the feedback.

next alternative step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to at least two alternative Steps, if only one of such steps should be executed.
domain: Step
range: Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to at least two alternative Steps, if only one of such steps should be executed.

has procedure target
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to its Procedure Target(s), that is the object at which the actions of the Procedure are directed. A Procedure Target can be, for instance: a Machine, an Equipment, a Workstation.
domain: Procedure
range: Thing
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to its Procedure Target(s), that is the object at which the actions of the Procedure are directed. A Procedure Target can be, for instance: a Machine, an Equipment, a Workstation.

issue cause by software agent
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Issue Occurrence
range: string

end date
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Period Of Time
range includes: date
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the end of a Period Of Time.

Tool
type: Class
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents an object needed to execute a Step of a Procedure.

was encountered by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Issue Occurrence to the Agent that encountered the issue during the Procedure/Step Execution.
domain: Issue Occurrence
range: Agent
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Issue Occurrence to the Agent that encountered the issue during the Procedure/Step Execution.

Expertise Level
type: Class
comment: This class represents the Expertise Level of an Agent with respect to certain activities/responsibilities.
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents the expertise level linked to a Step, or MultiStep, of a Procedure, meaning that the Step, or MultiStep, is targeted at persons with a certain level of expertise (e.g., junior, senior).

Step
type: Class

issue solution by software agent
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Issue Occurrence
range: string

issue solution by user
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the solution of an issue, encountered during a Procedure/Step Execution, as identified and applied by the user.
domain: Issue Occurrence
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the solution of an issue, encountered during a Procedure/Step Execution, as identified and applied by the user.

Step Verification
type: Class
comment: A Step Verification is a description of the way in which the execution of a Step can be verified.
subclass of: Step

was asked by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a User Question Occurrence to the Agent that asked the question during the Procedure/Step Execution.
domain: User Question Occurrence
range: Agent
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a User Question Occurrence to the Agent that asked the question during the Procedure/Step Execution.

Entity
type: Class

question by user
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the question that a user came up with during the Procedure/Step Execution (User Question Occurrence).
domain: User Question Occurrence
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the question that a user came up with during the Procedure/Step Execution (User Question Occurrence).

Period Of Time
type: Class

ProcedureTargetType
comment: This class represents the Type of a Procedure Target.

identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the identifier of an entity, including: a Procedure, a Step, a Procedure Execution, a Step Execution, a Step Verification, a FAQ Category, a FAQ Target, a Resource that is referenced by or which a Procedure was extracted from.

requires tool
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step of a Procedure to a Tool required by the Step, that is an object needed to execute the Step.
domain: Step
range: Tool
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step of a Procedure to a Tool required by the Step, that is an object needed to execute the Step.

created
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: dateTime
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the creation dateTime of a Resource (e.g., a Procedure).

was provided by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a User Feedback Occurrence to the Agent that provided the feedback about either the procedure or the procedure execution during the Procedure Execution.
domain: User Feedback Occurrence
range: Agent
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a User Feedback Occurrence to the Agent that provided the feedback about either the procedure or the procedure execution during the Procedure Execution.

has user feedback occurrence
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution to a User Feedback Occurrence, that is the occurrence of a feedback that the user provides during execution about wither the Procedure or the Procedure Execution.
domain: Activity
range: User Feedback Occurrence
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution to a User Feedback Occurrence, that is the occurrence of a feedback that the user provides during execution about wither the Procedure or the Procedure Execution.

is step verification of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Verification, that is the way in which the execution of the step can be verified, to the Step it verifies.
domain: Step Verification
range: Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Verification, that is the way in which the execution of the step can be verified, to the Step it verifies.

ProcedureTarget
comment: This class represents the Target of a Procedure, that is the object at which the actions of the Procedure are directed.
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), a Procedure Target can be, for instance: a Machine, an Equipment, a Workstation.

executes procedure
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution to the Procedure that is being executed.
domain: Procedure Execution
range: Procedure
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution to the Procedure that is being executed.

error code
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the code of an Error that can be encountered during the Procedure or Step Execution.
domain: Error
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the code of an Error that can be encountered during the Procedure or Step Execution.

used
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Step Execution
range includes: Entity
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to an Entity that is being used during execution, and that may correspond to an input Variable of the Step.

format
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Resource
domain includes: Media Type Or Extent
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Resource (e.g., a Procedure or a Resource referenced by a Procedure), to the Media Type or Extent of the resource.

unit type
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Duration
range includes: Temporal Unit
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Duration of time to the Temporal Unit which provides the precision of a date-time value or scale of a temporal extent.

is step of multi step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to the MultiStep it is a step of.
domain: Step
range: Multi Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to the MultiStep it is a step of.

next step execution
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to its direct next Step Execution.
domain: Step Execution
range: Step Execution
inverse of: previous step execution
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to its direct next Step Execution.

Procedure Execution Status
type: Class
comment: This class represents the Status of the Procedure Execution (e.g., in progress, completed, paused, cancelled).
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), a Procedure Execution is linked to its Procedure Execution Status with the property adms:status.

was executed by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Activity (e.g., a Step Execution) to the Agent that executed the Activity.
domain: Activity
range: Agent
sub property of: was associated with
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Activity (e.g., a Step Execution) to the Agent that executed the Activity.

at time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Instantaneous Event
range includes: dateTime
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the dateTime at which an InstantaneousEvent occurred.

addresses error
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a (Multi)Step of a Procedure to the Error it addresses. Such (Multi)Step represents a Fallback procedure.
domain: Step
range: Error
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a (Multi)Step of a Procedure to the Error it addresses. Such (Multi)Step represents a Fallback procedure.

Error
type: Class
comment: This class represents an Error that can be encountered while executing an activity.
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents an error that an Agent can encounter during a Procedure or Step Execution. An Error can be associated with a description, an error code, and an error cause. The Procedure may contain a (fallback) step to address such error.

was generated by
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Entity
range includes: Step Execution
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to an Entity that was generated during execution, and that may correspond to an output Variable of the Step.

language
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the language of a Resource (e.g., a Procedure).

Multi Step
type: Class

Media Type Or Extent
type: Class

has version
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Procedure
range includes: Procedure
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure, for which we want to manage version control, to one of its versions.

Procedure Type
type: Class
comment: This class represents the Type of a Procedure.
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), an example of Procedure Type is LOTO Procedure.

keyword
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent a keyword or tag describing a Resource (e.g, a Procedure).

Role In Time
type: Class

Procedure
type: Class
comment: A Procedure represents a sequence of actions to be executed in order to achieve a desired outcome.
subclass of: Resource
subclass of: Plan

was modified by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Resource (e.g., a Procedure) to the Agent that modified the Resource.
domain: Resource
range: Agent
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Resource (e.g., a Procedure) to the Agent that modified the Resource.

Role
type: Class

Antonia Azzini
type: Person
type: NamedIndividual

Valentina Anita Carriero
type: Person
type: NamedIndividual

temporal
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Role In Time
range includes: Period Of Time
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Role In Time held by an Agent to the Period of Time in which that Role is valid.

started at time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Activity
range includes: dateTime
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the dateTime at which an activity started.

hasProcedureTargetType
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a ProcedureTarget to its Procedure Target Type.
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a ProcedureTarget to its Procedure Target Type.

has f a q category
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Frequently Asked Question to a Category it belongs to.
domain: Frequently Asked Question
range: F A Q Category
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Frequently Asked Question to a Category it belongs to.

Organization
type: Class

has step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure or a MultiStep to its Steps.
domain: Class
  union of: Multi Step
  union of: Procedure
range: Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure or a MultiStep to its Steps.

was associated with
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Activity
range includes: Agent
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Activity (either a Procedure Execution or a Step Execution) to an Agent that had some role/responsibility in that Activity.

requires function
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to a Function that needs to be performed by a Software Agent for executing the Step.
domain: Step
range: Function
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to a Function that needs to be performed by a Software Agent for executing the Step.

Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO)
type: NamedIndividual
type: Ontology
contributor: Antonia Azzini
contributor: Ilaria Baroni
contributor: Irene Celino
creator: Valentina Anita Carriero
creator: Mario Scrocca
description: The Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO) addresses the Procedural Knowledge (PK) domain, and models procedures, their executions, and related resources and agents.
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
publisher: Cefriel
status: Published Ontology
preferred namespace prefix: pko
preferred namespace uri: https://w3id.org/pko#
prior version: https://w3id.org/pko/0.1.0
version IRI: https://w3id.org/pko/1.0.0
version info: 1.0.0
citation: Carriero, V.A., Scrocca, M., Baroni, I., Azzini, A., Celino, I. (2025). Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO).
funding: https://doi.org/10.3030/101120323
created with: chowlk.linkeddata.es

has issue occurrence
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution or Step Execution to an Issue Occurrence, that is the occurrence of an issue during the execution.
domain: Activity
range: Issue Occurrence
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution or Step Execution to an Issue Occurrence, that is the occurrence of an issue during the execution.

Function
type: Class
comment: This class represents a Function performed by a Software Agent.
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents a function that needs to be performed by a Software Agent for executing a Step of a Procedure.

corresponds to variable
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Entity
range includes: Variable
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Entity used by an Activity (either a Procedure Execution or a Step Execution) to the Variable it represented in the Procedure.

Action
type: Class
comment: This class represents an Action performed by a human Agent.
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents an action that needs to be performed by a human Agent (a Person) for executing a Step of a Procedure.

previous step execution
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to its direct previous Step Execution.
domain: Step Execution
range: Step Execution
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to its direct previous Step Execution.

title
type: DatatypeProperty
type: AnnotationProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the name/title of an entity, including: a Procedure, a Step, a Procedure Execution, a Step Execution, a Step Verification, a FAQ Category, a FAQ Target, a Resource that is referenced by or which a Procedure was extracted from.

is included in procedure execution
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Step Execution
range: Procedure Execution

ended at time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Activity
range includes: dateTime
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the dateTime at which an activity ended.

notes by software agent
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string

Temporal Unit
type: Class

has user question occurrence
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution or Step Execution to a User Question Occurrence, that is the occurrence of a question that the user came up with during execution.
domain: Activity
range: User Question Occurrence
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Execution or Step Execution to a User Question Occurrence, that is the occurrence of a question that the user came up with during execution.

has encountered error
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link the Occurrence of an Issue to the Error that is being encountered by the Agent executing a Procedure or Step.
domain: Issue Occurrence
range: Error
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link the Occurrence of an Issue to the Error that is being encountered by the Agent executing a Procedure or Step.

is question addressed by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a User Question Occurrence to a Resource that addresses/answers to the question that the user came up with during the Procedure/Step Execution.
domain: User Question Occurrence
range: Resource
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a User Question Occurrence to a Resource that addresses/answers to the question that the user came up with during the Procedure/Step Execution.

feedback on procedure
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the feedback on the procedure that was provided by an Agent during the Procedure or Step Execution.
domain: User Feedback Occurrence
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the feedback on the procedure that was provided by an Agent during the Procedure or Step Execution.

new version motivation
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the motivation for creating a new version of a Procedure, for which we want to manage access control.
domain: Procedure
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the motivation for creating a new version of a Procedure, for which we want to manage access control.

has fallback step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to a (Multi)Step that represents a Fallback procedure for a specific Error that can be encountered during execution.
domain: Procedure
range: Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to a (Multi)Step that represents a Fallback procedure for a specific Error that can be encountered during execution.

holds role in time
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Agent
range includes: Role In Time
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Agent to the Role In Time, that is the role that the Agent holds for a certain Period of Time.

modified
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: dateTime
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the dateTime when a Resource (e.g., a Procedure) has been modified.

Issue Occurrence
type: Class
comment: This class represents the occurrence of an issue during an Activity.
subclass of: Instantaneous Event
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents the occurrence of an issue during the Procedure or Step Execution. The Issue Occurrence is associated with the cause as identified and defined by the Agent, the solution as identified and applied by the Agent, and is linked to the Agent that encountered the issue.

F A Q Category
type: Class
comment: This class represents the Category of a Frequently Asked Question (FAQ).

has expected duration
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link the Occurrence of an Issue to the Error that is being encountered by the Agent executing a Procedure or Step.
domain: Class
  union of: Step
  union of: Procedure
range: Duration
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link either a Procedure or a Step to the Duration that is expected for the execution of that Procedure/Step.

Mario Scrocca
type: Person
type: NamedIndividual

min repetitions
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the maximum number of repetitions for a Step. If the minRepetitions is equal to 1, it means that the Step is mandatory. If the minRepetitions is equal to 0, it means that the Step is optional.
domain: Step
range: integer
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the maximum number of repetitions for a Step. If the minRepetitions is equal to 1, it means that the Step is mandatory. If the minRepetitions is equal to 0, it means that the Step is optional.

access u r l
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Resource
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent a URL of a Resource (e.g., a Procedure or a document referenced by a Procedure) that gives access to a distribution of it.

numeric duration
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Duration
range includes: date
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the value of a temporal extent expressed as a number scaled by a temporal unit (in the form of xsd:decimal).

answer
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the answer of a Frequently Asked Question.
domain: Frequently Asked Question
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the answer of a Frequently Asked Question.

Thing
type: Class

next step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to its direct next Step.
domain: Step
range: Step
inverse of: previous step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to its direct next Step.

Procedure Execution
type: Class
comment: A Procedure Execution is an Activity representing the execution of a certain Procedure, performed by one or more Agents, during a time interval.
subclass of: Activity

creator
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: Agent
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Resource (e.g., a Procedure) to the Agent that created it.

notes by user
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the notes taken by the user about either a question that occurred during the Procedure/Step Execution (User Question Occurrence) or an issue that occurred during the Procedure/Step Execution (Issue Occurrence).
domain: Thing
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the notes taken by the user about either a question that occurred during the Procedure/Step Execution (User Question Occurrence) or an issue that occurred during the Procedure/Step Execution (Issue Occurrence).

is adopted by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to an Organization which the Procedure is adopted by.
domain: Procedure
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to an Organization which the Procedure is adopted by.

is current version of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Procedure
range: Procedure

error cause
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the cause of an Error that can be encountered during the Procedure or Step Execution.
domain: Error
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the cause of an Error that can be encountered during the Procedure or Step Execution.

Duration
type: Class

Ilaria Baroni
type: Person
type: NamedIndividual

step number
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Step
range: string

has input var
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Step
range includes: Variable
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to the Variable that the Step needs to take as input for the Step Execution.

description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Activity
domain includes: Resource
range includes: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent a description of an entity, including: a Procedure, a Step, a Procedure Execution, a Step Execution, a Step Verification, a Resource that is referenced by or which a Procedure was extracted from.

is step for expertise level
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to the Expertise Level, meaning that the Step, or MultiStep, is targeted at persons with a certain level of expertise (e.g., junior, senior).
domain: Step
range: Expertise Level
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to the Expertise Level, meaning that the Step, or MultiStep, is targeted at persons with a certain level of expertise (e.g., junior, senior).

has procedure type
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to its Procedure Type (e.g., a LOTO Procedure).
domain: Procedure
range: Procedure Type
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure to its Procedure Type (e.g., a LOTO Procedure).

atLocation
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure Target to the Location where is Target is located.

F A Q Target
type: Class
comment: This class represents the Target of a Frequently Asked Question (FAQ).

next version
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a version of a Procedure to its direct next version of the same Procedure.
domain: Procedure
range: Procedure
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a version of a Procedure to its direct next version of the same Procedure.

has f a q target
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Frequently Asked Question to the Target of such FAQ.
domain: Frequently Asked Question
range: F A Q Target
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Frequently Asked Question to the Target of such FAQ.

feedback on procedure execution
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the feedback on the procedure execution that was provided by an Agent during the Procedure or Step Execution.
domain: User Feedback Occurrence
range: string
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the feedback on the procedure execution that was provided by an Agent during the Procedure or Step Execution.

executes step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to the Step that is being executed.
domain: Step Execution
range: Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step Execution to the Step that is being executed.

Cefriel
type: Organization
type: NamedIndividual

has current version
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Procedure
range includes: Procedure
inverse of: is current version of
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Procedure, for which we want to manage version control, to its current version.

Frequently Asked Question
type: Class
comment: A Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) is a Resource representing a question that people often ask about a particular resource, and the answer to the question.
subclass of: Resource
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents a Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) of a Procedure, and is described with an identifier, a question, an answer, and is linked to a FAQ Category and a FAQ Target.

is template
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent whether a Procedure is a Template or not. A Procedure is a Template if it is associated with a preset of Steps that can be used to define an Executable Procedure. Such steps are not directly executable in the form they are specified.
domain: Procedure
range: boolean
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent whether a Procedure is a Template or not. A Procedure is a Template if it is associated with a preset of Steps that can be used to define an Executable Procedure. Such steps are not directly executable in the form they are specified.

Resource
type: Class

User Question Occurrence
type: Class
comment: This class represents the occurrence of a question that an Agent came up with during the Procedure or Step Execution.
subclass of: Instantaneous Event
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this class represents the occurrence of a question that an Agent came up with during the Procedure or Step Execution. The User Question Occurrence is associated with the question, and is linked to the Agent asking the question. Also, it can be linked to a Resource addressing the question.

was confirmed by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Activity (e.g., a Step Execution) to the Agent that confirmed the Activity.
domain: Activity
range: Agent
sub property of: was associated with
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link an Activity (e.g., a Step Execution) to the Agent that confirmed the Activity.

previous step
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to its direct previous Step.
domain: Step
range: Step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to its direct previous Step.

references
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: Resource
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Resource (e.g., a Procedure) to another Resource (e.g., a document, an image, or another Procedure) that the Procedure references.

start date
type: DatatypeProperty
domain includes: Period Of Time
range includes: date
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to represent the start of a Period Of Time.

requires action
type: ObjectProperty
comment: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to an Action that needs to be performed by a human Agent (a Person) for executing the Step.
domain: Step
range: Action
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to an Action that needs to be performed by a human Agent (a Person) for executing the Step.

Step Execution
type: Class
comment: A Procedure Execution is an Activity representing the execution of a certain Step of a Procedure, performed by one or more Agents, during a time interval.
subclass of: Activity

status
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Resource
range includes: Procedure Status
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link either a Procedure or a Procedure Execution to its Status.

is step of plan
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Procedure
domain includes: Step
inverse of: has step
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Step to the Procedure it is a step of.

is version of
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Procedure
range includes: Procedure
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to a version of a procedure to the Procedure, for which we want to manage version control.

relates to
type: ObjectProperty
domain includes: Role In Time
range includes: Resource
scope note: In the context of the Procedural Knowledge Ontology (PKO), this property is used to link a Role In Time, that is the role that an Agent holds for a certain Period of Time, to the Resource (e.g., a Procedure) that the Role relates to.