NuclearQuadrupoleMoment
type: Class
comment: z component of the diagonalized tensor of nuclear quadrupole moment, in the quantum state with the nuclear spin in the field direction (z).
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NuclearQuadrupoleMoment
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97921226
ISO80000Reference: 10-18
elucidation: z component of the diagonalized tensor of nuclear quadrupole moment, in the quantum state with the nuclear spin in the field direction (z).

ElectricPolarization
type: Class
comment: At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the electric dipole moment p of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricPolarization
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050425
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-7
elucidation: At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the electric dipole moment p of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V.

ForceAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ForceArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ForceArea'.

hasMetrologicalUncertainty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Since measurement uncertainty is a subclass of objective property, this relation can also describe the uncertainty of an measurement uncertainty.
comment: Assigns a quantifiable uncertainty to an objective property through a well-defined procecure.
elucidation: Assigns a quantifiable uncertainty to an objective property through a well-defined procecure.

LorenzNumberUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LorenzNumber'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-6 L+4 M+2 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LorenzNumber'.

etymology
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary.
comment: The etymology annotation explains the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning.
sub property of: comment
elucidation: The etymology annotation explains the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning.
comment: The etymology annotation is usually applied to rdfs:label entities, to better understand the connection between a label and the concept it concisely represents.

IsothermalCompressibility
type: Class
comment: Quantity characterising the relative variation of volume with pressure at constant thermodynamic temperature.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IsothermalCompressibility
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990696
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-5.1

NewtonPerCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
alternative label: Newton Per Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-CentiM
ucumCode: N.cm-1
unitSymbol: N/cm
elucidation: SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

ISO80000Reference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Corresponding item number in ISO 80 000.
sub property of: seeAlso
example: 3-1.1 (ISO80000 reference to length)
elucidation: Corresponding item number in ISO 80 000.

RadiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for radium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 88
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 226.02541
elucidation: Atom subclass for radium.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Tool
etymology: Old English tōl, from a Germanic base meaning ‘prepare’.

MobilityRatio
type: Class
comment: Quotient of electron and hole mobility.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MobilityRatio
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106010255
ISO80000Reference: 12-31
elucidation: Quotient of electron and hole mobility.

CoulombSquareMetrePerVolt
type: Class
comment: Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2-per-volt) is a unit in the category of Electric polarizability. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Coulomb Square Metre Per Volt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-M2-PER-V
ucumCode: C.m2/V
ucumCode: C.m2.V-1
unitSymbol: C⋅m²/V
elucidation: Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2-per-volt) is a unit in the category of Electric polarizability. -- QUDT

RelativeMassDefect
type: Class
comment: Quotient of mass defect and the unified atomic mass constant.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeMassDefect
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98038718
ISO80000Reference: 10-22.2
elucidation: Quotient of mass defect and the unified atomic mass constant.

comment: The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasReferent) o inverse (hasInterpreter)=>hasSign

definition
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system.
comment: A definition univocally determines a OWL entity using necessary and sufficient conditions referring to other OWL entities.
sub property of: comment
elucidation: Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system.

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Particle
etymology: From Latin particula (“small part, particle”), diminutive of pars (“part, piece”).

PackingFraction
type: Class
comment: Quotient of relative mass excess and the nucleon number.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PackingFraction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98058276
ISO80000Reference: 10-23.1
elucidation: Quotient of relative mass excess and the nucleon number.

BecquerelPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: The SI derived unit of unit in the category of Radioactivity concentration. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Becquerel per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-PER-M3
ucumCode: Bq.m-3
ucumCode: Bq/m3
unitSymbol: Bq/m³
elucidation: The SI derived unit of unit in the category of Radioactivity concentration. -- QUDT

PressurePerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTemperature'.

Fermion
type: Class
comment: A physical particle with half odd integer spin (1/2, 3/2, etc...) that follows Fermi-Dirac statistics.
elucidation: A physical particle with half odd integer spin (1/2, 3/2, etc...) that follows Fermi-Dirac statistics.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion

AmperePerJoule
type: Class
comment: The inverse measure of joule-per-ampere or weber. The measure for the reciprical of magnetic flux. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Ampere per Joule
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-J
ucumCode: A/J
ucumCode: A.J-1
unitSymbol: A/J
elucidation: The inverse measure of joule-per-ampere or weber. The measure for the reciprical of magnetic flux. -- QUDT

hasIndex
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation that connects a deduced semiotic object to an indexin a deduction process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation that connects a deduced semiotic object to an indexin a deduction process.

WattPerSquareMetrePerMetre
type: Class
comment: Watts per square metre per metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-M
ucumCode: W.m-2.m-1
unitSymbol: W/m²⋅m
elucidation: Watts per square metre per metre.

ZettaPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "zetta" (1e21).
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+21
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "zetta" (1e21).

ElectricCurrentDensityPerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensityPerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensityPerTemperature'.

MaterialsModel
type: Class
comment: A solvable set of one Physics Equation and one or more Materials Relations.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A solvable set of one Physics Equation and one or more Materials Relations.

AvogadroConstant
type: Class
comment: The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Avogadro_constant) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity.
comment: The number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, that are contained in the amount of substance given by one mole. It defines the base unit mole in the SI system.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/AvogadroConstant
elucidation: The number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, that are contained in the amount of substance given by one mole. It defines the base unit mole in the SI system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00543

Hectare
type: Class
comment: The customary metric unit of land area, equal to 100 ares. One hectare is a square hectometer, that is, the area of a square 100 meters on each side: exactly 10 000 square meters or approximately 107 639.1 square feet, 11 959.9 square yards, or 2.471 054 acres. -- QUDT
comment: A non-SI metric unit of area defined as the square with 100-metre sides.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: ha
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+04
uneceCommonCode: HAR
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HA
ucumCode: har
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Hectare
definition: A non-SI metric unit of area defined as the square with 100-metre sides.
elucidation: The customary metric unit of land area, equal to 100 ares. One hectare is a square hectometer, that is, the area of a square 100 meters on each side: exactly 10 000 square meters or approximately 107 639.1 square feet, 11 959.9 square yards, or 2.471 054 acres. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectare

ThoriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the thorium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Th
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the thorium atom.

MetrologicalReference
type: Class
comment: A symbolic is recognized as reference unit also if it is not part of a quantity (e.g. as in the sentence "the Bq is the reference unit of Becquerel"). For this reason we can't declare the axiom: MetrologicalReference SubClassOf: inverse(hasMetrologicalReference) some Quantity because there exist reference units without being part of a quantity. This is peculiar to EMMO, where quantities as syntatic entities (explicit quantities) are distinct with quantities as semantic entities (properties).
comment: A reference can be a measurement unit, a measurement procedure, a reference material, or a combination of such (VIM3 1.1 NOTE 2).
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A reference can be a measurement unit, a measurement procedure, a reference material, or a combination of such (VIM3 1.1 NOTE 2).

FundamentalPhysicalSystem
type: Class
comment: A fundamental physical process is made of one or more standard particles as input, and one or more standard particles as output, where each input is direct cause of each output. Each fundamental physical phenomena refers to a Feynman diagram, hence is made at least of three standard model particles. This requirement implies that a physical phenomena is either a decay, annihilation, interaction, collapse or creation phenomena (fundamental) or a composition of them (non-fundamental).
comment: A causal system that is the representation of a Feynman diagram, where quantum represents the real particles entering and exiting the system.
comment: A fundamental system is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,n) of quantums, m being the number of originating quantums, and n being the receiving quantums.
conceptualisation: A fundamental physical process is made of one or more standard particles as input, and one or more standard particles as output, where each input is direct cause of each output. Each fundamental physical phenomena refers to a Feynman diagram, hence is made at least of three standard model particles. This requirement implies that a physical phenomena is either a decay, annihilation, interaction, collapse or creation phenomena (fundamental) or a composition of them (non-fundamental).
elucidation: A causal system that is the representation of a Feynman diagram, where quantum represents the real particles entering and exiting the system.

Symbolic
type: Class
comment: A discrete data whose elements can be decoded as tokens from one or more alphabets, without necessarily respecting syntactic rules.
comment: A symbolic entity is not necessarily graphical (e.g. it doesn't necessarily have the physical shape of a letter), but its elements can be decoded and put in relation with an alphabet. In other words, a sequence of bit "1000010" in a RAM (a non-graphical entity) is a valid symbol since it can be decoded through ASCII rules as the letter "B". The same holds for an entity standing for the sound of a voice saying: "Hello", since it can be decomposed in discrete parts, each of them being associated to a letter of an alphabet.
equivalent class: Class
example: fe780 emmo !5*a cat for(i=0;i<N;++i)
elucidation: A discrete data whose elements can be decoded as tokens from one or more alphabets, without necessarily respecting syntactic rules.
comment: A symbolic object possesses a reductionistic oriented structure. For example, text is made of words, spaces and punctuations. Words are made of characters (i.e. atomic symbols).
comment: The structure of an array can be expressed mereologically. An array consists of a set of equally sized tiles. The tiles of an n-dimensional array are (n-1)-dimensional, the tiles of an (n-1)-dimensional array are (n-2)-dimensional and so forth... The tiles of a vector (1-dimensional array) are scalar symbolic data (that is symbolic data that are not subclasses of array). The `hasSpatialTile` relation, can be used to navigate between dimensions. The `hasPart` relation can be used to refer to the scalar data

AtomicAndNuclearPhysicsQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-10.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-10.

CompiledLanguage
type: Class

DataExchangeLanguage
type: Class
comment: A computer language that is domain-independent and can be used for expressing data from any kind of discipline.
example: JSON, YAML, XML
elucidation: A computer language that is domain-independent and can be used for expressing data from any kind of discipline.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_exchange#Data_exchange_languages

ElectricChargePerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L0 M0 I+1 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerAmount'.

JoulePerKilogramKelvinCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and cubic metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM-K-M3
ucumCode: J.kg-1.K.m-3
unitSymbol: J/(kg⋅K⋅m³)
elucidation: Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and cubic metre.

SIPrefix
type: Class
comment: Metric prefix defined in the SI system.
elucidation: Metric prefix defined in the SI system.

JoulePerKilogramKelvin
type: Class
comment: Specific heat capacity - The heat required to raise unit mass of a substance by unit temperature interval under specified conditions, such as constant pressure: usually measured in joules per kelvin per kilogram. Symbol c_p (for constant pressure) Also called specific heat. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule per Kilogram Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM-K
ucumCode: J.kg-1.K-1
unitSymbol: J/(kg⋅K)
elucidation: Specific heat capacity - The heat required to raise unit mass of a substance by unit temperature interval under specified conditions, such as constant pressure: usually measured in joules per kelvin per kilogram. Symbol c_p (for constant pressure) Also called specific heat. -- QUDT

CPlusPlus
type: Class
comment: A language object respecting the syntactic rules of C++.
alternative label: C++
elucidation: A language object respecting the syntactic rules of C++.

MolarConductivity
type: Class
comment: Conductivity per molar concentration of electrolyte.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarConductivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1943278
ISO80000Reference: 9-45
elucidation: Conductivity per molar concentration of electrolyte.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03976

Axiom
annotated target: DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)]
comment: φ is a class of the theory
comment: We usa a predicate template notation as DP<φ>(x,y) to specify subclasses of DP(x,y) for the class φ, meaning that DP<φ>(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ (φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y))

min qualified cardinality: 1

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy sintering: thermal treatment of a powder or compact, at a temperature below the melting point of the main constituent, for the purpose of increasing its strength by the metallurgical bonding of its particles

JouleSecondPerMole
type: Class
comment: `Joule Second per Mole` is a unit for 'Molar Angular Momentum' expressed as J s mol⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule Second per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-SEC-PER-MOL
ucumCode: J.s.mol-1
unitSymbol: J⋅s/mol
elucidation: `Joule Second per Mole` is a unit for 'Molar Angular Momentum' expressed as J s mol⁻¹. -- QUDT

MagneticPotentialUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticPotential'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+1 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticPotential'.

CubicMetrePerDay
type: Class
comment: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit day -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-05
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre Per Day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-DAY
ucumCode: m3.d-1
unitSymbol: m³/day
elucidation: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit day -- QUDT

Mole
type: Class
comment: The mole, symbol mol, is the SI unit of amount of substance. One mole contains exactly 6.022 140 76 × 1023 elementary entities. This number is the fixed numerical value of the Avogadro constant, NA, when expressed in the unit mol−1 and is called the Avogadro number. The amount of substance, symbol n, of a system is a measure of the number of specified elementary entities. An elementary entity may be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an electron, any other particle or specified group of particles.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: mol
uneceCommonCode: C34
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL
ucumCode: mol
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mole_%28unit%29
definition: The mole, symbol mol, is the SI unit of amount of substance. One mole contains exactly 6.022 140 76 × 1023 elementary entities. This number is the fixed numerical value of the Avogadro constant, NA, when expressed in the unit mol−1 and is called the Avogadro number. The amount of substance, symbol n, of a system is a measure of the number of specified elementary entities. An elementary entity may be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an electron, any other particle or specified group of particles.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole_(unit)
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03980

MeanLinearRange
type: Class
comment: Mean total rectified path length travelled by a particle in the course of slowing down to rest in a given material averaged over a group of particles having the same initial energy.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanLinearRange
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98681589
ISO80000Reference: 10-56
elucidation: Mean total rectified path length travelled by a particle in the course of slowing down to rest in a given material averaged over a group of particles having the same initial energy.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03782

PlatinumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the platinum atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pt
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the platinum atom.

BinaryData
type: Class
comment: Symbolic data that can be represented as a sequence of zeros and ones.
elucidation: Symbolic data that can be represented as a sequence of zeros and ones.

TensileForming
type: Class
comment: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a combined tensile and compressive stress.
alternative label: Zugdruckumformen

AluminiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the aluminium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Al
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the aluminium atom.

NaturalProcess
type: Class
comment: A process occurring by natural (non-intentional) laws.
alternative label: NonIntentionalProcess
elucidation: A process occurring by natural (non-intentional) laws.

LaserCutting
type: Class

HertzPerVolt
type: Class
comment: In the Hertz per Volt standard the frequency of the note is directly related to the voltage. A pitch of a note goes up one octave when its frequency doubles, meaning that the voltage will have to double for every octave rise. Depending on the footage (octave) selected, nominally one volt gives 1000Hz, two volts 2000Hz and so on. In terms of notes, bottom C would be 0.25 volts, the next C up would be 0.5 volts, then 1V, 2V, 4V, 8V for the following octaves. This system was used mainly by Yamaha and Korg. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Hertz per Volt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-PER-V
ucumCode: Hz.V-1
unitSymbol: Hz/V
elucidation: In the Hertz per Volt standard the frequency of the note is directly related to the voltage. A pitch of a note goes up one octave when its frequency doubles, meaning that the voltage will have to double for every octave rise. Depending on the footage (octave) selected, nominally one volt gives 1000Hz, two volts 2000Hz and so on. In terms of notes, bottom C would be 0.25 volts, the next C up would be 0.5 volts, then 1V, 2V, 4V, 8V for the following octaves. This system was used mainly by Yamaha and Korg. -- QUDT

Hour
type: Class
comment: Measure of time defined as 3600 seconds.
comment: The hour (common symbol: h or hr) is a unit of measurement of time. In modern usage, an hour comprises 60 minutes, or 3,600 seconds. It is approximately 1/24 of a mean solar day. An hour in the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) time standard can include a negative or positive leap second, and may therefore have a duration of 3,599 or 3,601 seconds for adjustment purposes. Although it is not a standard defined by the International System of Units, the hour is a unit accepted for use with SI, represented by the symbol h. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: h
uneceCommonCode: HUR
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HR
ucumCode: h
definition: Measure of time defined as 3600 seconds.
elucidation: The hour (common symbol: h or hr) is a unit of measurement of time. In modern usage, an hour comprises 60 minutes, or 3,600 seconds. It is approximately 1/24 of a mean solar day. An hour in the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) time standard can include a negative or positive leap second, and may therefore have a duration of 3,599 or 3,601 seconds for adjustment purposes. Although it is not a standard defined by the International System of Units, the hour is a unit accepted for use with SI, represented by the symbol h. -- QUDT
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02866

AmountTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountTemperature'.

AstronomicalUnit
type: Class
comment: An astronomical unit (abbreviated as AU, au, a.u., or ua) is a unit of length equal to 149,597,870,700 metres (92,955,807.273 mi) or approximately the mean Earth Sun distance. The symbol ua is recommended by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, and the international standard ISO 80000, while au is recommended by the International Astronomical Union, and is more common in Anglosphere countries. In general, the International System of Units only uses capital letters for the symbols of units which are named after individual scientists, while au or a.u. can also mean atomic unit or even arbitrary unit. However, the use of AU to refer to the astronomical unit is widespread. The astronomical constant whose value is one astronomical unit is referred to as unit distance and is given the symbol A. [Wikipedia] -- QUDT
comment: One astronomical unit is defined as exactly 149597870700 m, which is roughly the distance from earth to sun.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: au
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.495979e+11
alternative label: astronomical-unit
uneceCommonCode: A12
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/AU
ucumCode: AU
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Astronomical_unit
definition: One astronomical unit is defined as exactly 149597870700 m, which is roughly the distance from earth to sun.
unitSymbol: AU
unitSymbol: au
elucidation: An astronomical unit (abbreviated as AU, au, a.u., or ua) is a unit of length equal to 149,597,870,700 metres (92,955,807.273 mi) or approximately the mean Earth Sun distance. The symbol ua is recommended by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, and the international standard ISO 80000, while au is recommended by the International Astronomical Union, and is more common in Anglosphere countries. In general, the International System of Units only uses capital letters for the symbols of units which are named after individual scientists, while au or a.u. can also mean atomic unit or even arbitrary unit. However, the use of AU to refer to the astronomical unit is widespread. The astronomical constant whose value is one astronomical unit is referred to as unit distance and is given the symbol A. [Wikipedia] -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit

RadonSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the radon atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Rn
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the radon atom.

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-3:1989-11
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8586:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress.

TimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Time'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Time'.

CoulombMetre
type: Class
comment: It is also known as atomic unit, u.a., au, ua. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Meter (C-m) has a dimension of LTI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category.
comment: Coulomb Meter (C-m) is a unit in the category of Electric dipole moment. It is also known as atomic unit, u.a., au, ua. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Meter (C-m) has a dimension of LTI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
uneceCommonCode: A26
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-M
ucumCode: C.m
unitSymbol: C⋅m
elucidation: Coulomb Meter (C-m) is a unit in the category of Electric dipole moment. It is also known as atomic unit, u.a., au, ua. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Meter (C-m) has a dimension of LTI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

AverageLogarithmicEnergyDecrement
type: Class
comment: Average value of the increment of the lethargy per collision.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AverageLogarithmicEnergyDecrement.html
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940739
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-70
elucidation: Average value of the increment of the lethargy per collision.

EnergyLengthPerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyLengthPerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyLengthPerAmount'.

ModulusOfRigidity
type: Class
comment: Ratio of shear stress to the shear strain.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ShearModulus
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ShearModulus
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461466
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-19.2
elucidation: Ratio of shear stress to the shear strain.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05635

ThuliumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the thulium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Tm
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the thulium atom.

NewtonPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Newton per cubic metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-M3
ucumCode: N.m-3
unitSymbol: N/m³
elucidation: Newton per cubic metre.

EntropyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Entropy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Entropy'.

FormingFromLiquid
type: Class

SquareNanoMetre
type: Class
comment: A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1nm -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-18
alternative label: Square Nanometre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NanoM2
ucumCode: nm2
unitSymbol: nm²
elucidation: A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1nm -- QUDT

VoltPerMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Volt Per Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-MilliM
ucumCode: V.mm-1
unitSymbol: V/mm
elucidation: SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

hasNonTemporalPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The part is not connected with the rest item or members with hasNext relation (or its inverse).
elucidation: The part is not connected with the rest item or members with hasNext relation (or its inverse).

FundamentalLatticeVector
type: Class
comment: Fundamental translation vector for the crystal lattice.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FundamentalLatticeVector
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105451063
ISO80000Reference: 12-1.2
elucidation: Fundamental translation vector for the crystal lattice.

CuriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for curium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 96
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 247.07035
elucidation: Atom subclass for curium.

KineticFrictionFactor
type: Class
alternative label: DynamicFrictionFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73695445
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-23.2

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Item
etymology: From Latin item, "likewise, just so, moreover".

SilverAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for silver.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 47
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 107.8682
elucidation: Atom subclass for silver.

IterativeCoupledModelsSimulation
type: Class
comment: A chain of linked physics based model simulations solved iteratively, where equations are segregated.
elucidation: A chain of linked physics based model simulations solved iteratively, where equations are segregated.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Document
etymology: From Latin documentum, from the verb doceō (“teach”) +‎ -mentum.

hasDataValue
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: This is the superproperty of all data properties used to serialise a fundamental data type in the EMMO Data perspective. An entity can have only one data value expressing its serialisation (e.g. a Real entity cannot have two different real values).
comment: The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO data entity.
sub property of: topDataProperty
elucidation: The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO data entity.

Cutting
type: Class
comment: Mechanical separation of workpieces without the formation of shapeless material, i.e. also without chips (chipless).
alternative label: Schneiden

metrologicalReference
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: seeAlso

Steradian
type: Class
comment: Dimensionless measurement unit for solid angle.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: sr
uneceCommonCode: D27
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SR
ucumCode: sr
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Steradian
elucidation: Dimensionless measurement unit for solid angle.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steradian
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05971

isCauseOf
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
comment: We say that an entity causes another if there is a quantum part of the first that is in causal relation with a quantum parts of the second. An entity cannot cause itself (causal loops are forbidden) or a part of itself. For this reasons causality between entities excludes reflexivity and prevents them to overlap.
comment: The relation between an individuals x and y, that holds if and only if: a) y having a part that is causing an effect on a part of x b) y and x are non-overlapping
comment: Each pair of causally connected entities is either in isDirectCauseOf or isIndirectCauseOf relation. The two are mutually exclusive.
example: John yesterday is the cause of John today, is an example of temporal-like causality. The desk supporting my laptop is a space-like causality.
conceptualisation: We say that an entity causes another if there is a quantum part of the first that is in causal relation with a quantum parts of the second. An entity cannot cause itself (causal loops are forbidden) or a part of itself. For this reasons causality between entities excludes reflexivity and prevents them to overlap.
elucidation: The relation between an individuals x and y, that holds if and only if: a) y having a part that is causing an effect on a part of x b) y and x are non-overlapping
comment: It applies to both quantums and macro-entities (entities made of more than one quantum). It is admissible for two entities to be one the cause of the other, excepts when they are both quantums.
comment: The OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO introduces this object property as primitive causal relation. It refers to the macro causality relation mC(x,y), defined in the EMMO FOL version. While the EMMO FOL introduces the quantum causality relation C(x,y) as primitive, the OWL 2 DL version substantially simplifies the theory, neglecting these lower level relations that are well above DL expressivity.

DegreePerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: `Degree per Square Second` is an Imperial unit for `Angular Acceleration` expressed as deg/s². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.745329e-02
alternative label: Degree per Square Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: deg.s-2
ucumCode: deg/s2
unitSymbol: °/s²
elucidation: `Degree per Square Second` is an Imperial unit for `Angular Acceleration` expressed as deg/s². -- QUDT

SurfaceActivityDensity
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the total area S of the surface of that sample.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceActivityDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98103005
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-30
elucidation: Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the total area S of the surface of that sample.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Assemblying
etymology: From Old French asembler, based on Latin ad- ‘to’ + simul ‘together’.

GermaniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the germanium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ge
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the germanium atom.

ElectricCurrentPerEnergyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerEnergy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L-2 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerEnergy'.

FormingFromPulp
type: Class

LivermoriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for livermorium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 116
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 293.204
elucidation: Atom subclass for livermorium.

ManufacturedMaterial
type: Class
comment: A material that is obtained through a manufacturing process.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: ProcessedMaterial
alternative label: EngineeredMaterial
elucidation: A material that is obtained through a manufacturing process.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8589-6:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Cutting with circular or straight cutting motion, using a multi-toothed tool of small cutting width, the cutting motion being performed by the tool

MercurySymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the mercury atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Hg
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the mercury atom.

MicroLitre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-09
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroL
ucumCode: uL
unitSymbol: μL
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the unit litre -- QUDT

DiffusivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Diffusivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Diffusivity'.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Role
etymology: From French rôle, from obsolete French roule ‘roll’, referring originally to the roll of paper on which the actor's part was written.

ElectricCurrentPerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I+1 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerTemperature'.

Spin
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity expressing the internal angular momentum of a particle or a particle system.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Spin
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133673
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-10
elucidation: Vector quantity expressing the internal angular momentum of a particle or a particle system.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: CausalCluster
etymology: From Proto-Germanic *klas-, *klus- (“to clump, lump together”).

BecquerelPerLitre
type: Class
comment: One radioactive disintegration per second from a one part in 10**3 of the SI unit of volume (cubic metre). -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
alternative label: Becquerels per litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-PER-L
ucumCode: Bq.L-1
unitSymbol: Bq/L
elucidation: One radioactive disintegration per second from a one part in 10**3 of the SI unit of volume (cubic metre). -- QUDT

DiffusionLength
type: Class
comment: In condensed matter physics, the square root of the product of diffusion coefficient and lifetime.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SolidStateDiffusionLength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106097176
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-33
elucidation: In condensed matter physics, the square root of the product of diffusion coefficient and lifetime.

ReciprocalSquareElectronVolt
type: Class
comment: Per Square Electron Volt is a denominator unit with dimensions /eV². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.895644e+37
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Reciprocal Square Electron Volt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-EV2
ucumCode: eV-2
unitSymbol: /eV²
elucidation: Per Square Electron Volt is a denominator unit with dimensions /eV². -- QUDT

ElectronvoltPerMetre
type: Class
comment: unit electronvolt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.602177e-19
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Electronvolt Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/EV-PER-M
ucumCode: eV.m-1
ucumCode: eV/m
unitSymbol: eV/m
elucidation: unit electronvolt divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

PerKiloMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Kilometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /km. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalKiloMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-KiloM
ucumCode: km-1
ucumCode: /km
unitSymbol: /km
elucidation: Per Kilometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /km. -- QUDT

Fugacity
type: Class
comment: Measure of the tendency of a substance to leave a phase.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Fugacity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898412
ISO80000Reference: 9-20
elucidation: Measure of the tendency of a substance to leave a phase.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02543

HardeningByDrawing
type: Class

ElectricDisplacementFieldUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDisplacementField'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDisplacementField'.

MesoscopicModel
type: Class
comment: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of mesoscopic entities, i.e. a set of bounded atoms like a molecule, bead or nanoparticle.
elucidation: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of mesoscopic entities, i.e. a set of bounded atoms like a molecule, bead or nanoparticle.

MagneticMoment
type: Class
comment: A vector quantity equal to the product of the current, the loop area, and the unit vector normal to the loop plane, the direction of which corresponds to the loop orientation
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MagneticAreaMoment
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticMoment
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242657
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-23
elucidation: A vector quantity equal to the product of the current, the loop area, and the unit vector normal to the loop plane, the direction of which corresponds to the loop orientation
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03688

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-4:1989-11
annotated target: Thermal ablation is the separation of material particles in solid, liquid or gaseous state by heat processes as well as the removal of these material particles by mechanical or electromagnetic forces (from: DIN

Curve
type: Class
comment: A one-manyfold with two unconnected end points.
elucidation: A one-manyfold with two unconnected end points.

SIExactConstant
type: Class
comment: Physical constant that by definition (after the latest revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019) has a known exact numerical value when expressed in SI units.
elucidation: Physical constant that by definition (after the latest revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019) has a known exact numerical value when expressed in SI units.

DirectionDistributionOfCrossSection
type: Class
comment: Differential quotient of the cross section for scattering a particle in a given direction and the solid angle around that direction.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularCrossSection
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98266630
ISO80000Reference: 10-39
elucidation: Differential quotient of the cross section for scattering a particle in a given direction and the solid angle around that direction.

ConcreteOrPlasterPouring
type: Class

Illuminance
type: Class
comment: The total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Illuminance
elucidation: The total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I02941

GramPerLitre
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Gram Per Litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-L
ucumCode: g.L-1
unitSymbol: g/L
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit litre -- QUDT

NormalizedStringData
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: normalizedString

ClassicalData
type: Class
comment: Data that are expressed through classical physics mechanisms, having one value and one state, and being in the same place at the same time.
elucidation: Data that are expressed through classical physics mechanisms, having one value and one state, and being in the same place at the same time.

Axiom
annotated target: The disjoint union of the fundamental mereocausal classes of Quantum, CausalPath, CausalSystem and Collection.
comment: World entities can be classified in many ways, but one of the more important classification for the EMMO is the one between items (causally self-connected entities) and collections (not causally self-connected entities). A collection cannot be an item and viceversa, representing the fact that a world entity cannot be causally self-connected and non-self connected at the same time.

ReciprocalKiloVoltAmpereHour
type: Class
comment: reciprocal of the 1,000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere and the unit hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Reciprocal Kilovolt Ampere Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-KiloV-A-HR
unitSymbol: /(kV⋅A⋅hr)
elucidation: reciprocal of the 1,000-fold of the product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere and the unit hour -- QUDT

DataSet
type: Class
comment: Encoded data made of more than one datum.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: Encoded data made of more than one datum.

UnsignedShortData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 16-bit non-negative integer number, 0...65535.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: unsignedShort
elucidation: A data representing 16-bit non-negative integer number, 0...65535.

DegreeCelsiusPerSecond
type: Class
comment: `Degree Celsius per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / s. -- QUDT
alternative label: Degree Celsius per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-SEC
ucumCode: Cel/s
ucumCode: Cel.s-1
unitSymbol: °C/s
elucidation: `Degree Celsius per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / s. -- QUDT

CandelaPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: The candela per square metre (cd/m²) is the derived SI unit of luminance. The unit is based on the candela, the SI unit of luminous intensity, and the square metre, the SI unit of area. Nit (nt) is a deprecated non-SI name also used for this unit (1 nit = 1 cd/m²). As a measure of light emitted per unit area, this unit is frequently used to specify the brightness of a display device. Most consumer desktop liquid crystal displays have luminances of 200 to 300 cd/m²; the sRGB spec for monitors targets 80 cd/m2. HDTVs range from 450 to about 1000 cd/m2. Typically, calibrated monitors should have a brightness of 120 cd/m². Nit is believed to come from the Latin word nitere, to shine. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: candela per square metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CD-PER-M2
ucumCode: cd/m2
ucumCode: cd.m-2
unitSymbol: cd/m²
elucidation: The candela per square metre (cd/m²) is the derived SI unit of luminance. The unit is based on the candela, the SI unit of luminous intensity, and the square metre, the SI unit of area. Nit (nt) is a deprecated non-SI name also used for this unit (1 nit = 1 cd/m²). As a measure of light emitted per unit area, this unit is frequently used to specify the brightness of a display device. Most consumer desktop liquid crystal displays have luminances of 200 to 300 cd/m²; the sRGB spec for monitors targets 80 cd/m2. HDTVs range from 450 to about 1000 cd/m2. Typically, calibrated monitors should have a brightness of 120 cd/m². Nit is believed to come from the Latin word nitere, to shine. -- QUDT

KineticEnergy
type: Class
comment: The energy of an object due to its motion.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/KineticEnergy
ISO80000Reference: 4-28.2
elucidation: The energy of an object due to its motion.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03402

PhysicalBasedSimulationSoftware
type: Class
comment: A computational application that uses a physical model to predict the behaviour of a system, providing a identifiable analogy with the original object.
elucidation: A computational application that uses a physical model to predict the behaviour of a system, providing a identifiable analogy with the original object.

uneceCommonCode
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The UN/CEFACT Recommendation 20 provides three character alphabetic and alphanumeric codes for representing units of measurement for length, area, volume/capacity, mass (weight), time, and other quantities used in international trade. The codes are intended for use in manual and/or automated systems for the exchange of information between participants in international trade.
range: string
elucidation: The UN/CEFACT Recommendation 20 provides three character alphabetic and alphanumeric codes for representing units of measurement for length, area, volume/capacity, mass (weight), time, and other quantities used in international trade. The codes are intended for use in manual and/or automated systems for the exchange of information between participants in international trade.

VanadiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for vanadium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 50.9415
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 23
elucidation: Atom subclass for vanadium.

SpatialTiling
type: Class
comment: A well formed tessellation with tiles that all spatial.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A well formed tessellation with tiles that all spatial.

hasSpatialTile
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is only spatially connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation.
alternative label: hasSpatialDirectPart
elucidation: A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is only spatially connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation.

hasSubObject
type: ObjectProperty

Annealing
type: Class
comment: heat treatment consisting of heating and soaking at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling under conditions such that, after return to ambient temperature, the metal will be in a structural state closer to that of equilibrium

PolyatomicEntity
type: Class

CoulombPerKilogram
type: Class
comment: `Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg)` is the unit in the category of Exposure. It is also known as coulombs per kilogram, coulomb/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg) has a dimension of M⁻¹TI where M is mass, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Coulomb per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: C/kg
ucumCode: C.kg-1
unitSymbol: C/kg
elucidation: `Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg)` is the unit in the category of Exposure. It is also known as coulombs per kilogram, coulomb/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Kilogram (C/kg) has a dimension of M⁻¹TI where M is mass, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

Estimated
type: Class
comment: A coded that is assigned from an estimation.
example: The biography of a person that the author have not met.
elucidation: A coded that is assigned from an estimation.

DiscreteData
type: Class
comment: Data whose variations are decoded according to a discrete schema.
comment: A discrete schema may be based on a continuum material basis that is filtered according to its variations. For example, a continuous voltage based signal can be considered 1 or 0 according to some threshold. Discrete does not mean that the material basis is discrete, but that the data are encoded according to such step-based rules.
example: A text is a collection of discrete symbols. A compact disc is designed to host discrete states in the form of pits and lands.
elucidation: Data whose variations are decoded according to a discrete schema.

StandardChemicalPotential
type: Class
comment: The value of the chemical potential under specified standard conditions (in the standard state).
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StandardChemicalPotential
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89333468
ISO80000Reference: 9-21
elucidation: The value of the chemical potential under specified standard conditions (in the standard state).
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05908

Newton
type: Class
comment: SI unit for force.
comment: The "Newton" is the SI unit of force. A force of one newton will accelerate a mass of one kilogram at the rate of one meter per second per second. The newton is named for Isaac Newton (1642-1727), the British mathematician, physicist, and natural philosopher. He was the first person to understand clearly the relationship between force (F), mass (m), and acceleration (a) expressed by the formula F = m·a. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: N
uneceCommonCode: NEW
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N
ucumCode: N
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Newton
elucidation: SI unit for force.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04135

GalliumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for gallium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 69.723
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 31
elucidation: Atom subclass for gallium.

BohrMagneton
type: Class
comment: Magnitude of the magnetic moment of an electron in a state with orbital angular momentum quantum number l=1 due to its orbital motion.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737120
ISO80000Reference: 10-9.2
elucidation: Magnitude of the magnetic moment of an electron in a state with orbital angular momentum quantum number l=1 due to its orbital motion.

inchiKey
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The InChiKey is a hash of the full InChi identifier using the SHA-256 algorithm, designed to allow for easy web searches of chemical compounds.
comment: A hash of the full International Chemical Identifier (InChi) for a chemical substance.
sub property of: seeAlso
elucidation: A hash of the full International Chemical Identifier (InChi) for a chemical substance.

RadianSquareMetrePerMole
type: Class
comment: Radian square metre per mole.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-M2-PER-MOL
ucumCode: rad.m2.mol-1
unitSymbol: rad⋅m²/mol
elucidation: Radian square metre per mole.

DiffusionCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Proportionality constant in some physical laws.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: Proportionality constant in some physical laws.

GyromagneticRatioOfTheElectron
type: Class
comment: Proportionality constant between the magnetic dipole moment and the angular momentum of the electron.
alternative label: MagnetogyricRatioOfTheElectron
alternative label: GyromagneticCoefficientOfTheElectron
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97543076
ISO80000Reference: 10-12.2
elucidation: Proportionality constant between the magnetic dipole moment and the angular momentum of the electron.

Axiom
annotated property: comment
annotated target: In Peirce semiotics three subtypes of icon are possible: (a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture) (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart) (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else [Wikipedia]

hasDeclared
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation connecting a declaring interpreter to the "declared" semiotic object in a declaration process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation connecting a declaring interpreter to the "declared" semiotic object in a declaration process.

PascalMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: Pascal metre per second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M-PER-SEC
ucumCode: Pa.m.s-1
unitSymbol: Pa⋅m/s
elucidation: Pascal metre per second.

Axiom
annotated target: Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary.

hasConventionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: An object can be represented by a quantity for the fact that it has been recognized to belong to a specific class. The quantity is selected without an observation aimed to measure its actual value, but by convention.
comment: Assigns a quantity to an object by convention.
example: An Hydrogen atom has the quantity atomic number Z = 1 as its conventional property.
elucidation: Assigns a quantity to an object by convention.

FormingFromGas
type: Class

Kerma
type: Class
comment: Kinetic energy released per mass.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Kerma
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1739288
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-86.1
elucidation: Kinetic energy released per mass.

Proton
type: Class
comment: A positive charged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus.
elucidation: A positive charged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

Item
type: Class
comment: The class of individuals standing for quantum or causally self-connected world entities.
comment: A world entity is direct causally self-connected if any two parts that make up the whole are direct causally connected to each other. In the EMMO, topological connectivity is based on causality. All physical objects, i.e. entities whose behaviour is explained by physics laws, are represented only by items. In other words, a physical object part is embedded in a direct causal graph that provides always a path between two of its parts. Members of a collection lack such direct causality connection, i.e. they do not constitute a physical object. Following graph theory concepts, the quantums of an item are all connected together within a network of causal relations, forming a connected causal graph. A collection is then a set of disconnected graphs.
comment: The disjoint union of Particle and CausalStructure classes.
comment: The concept of self-connectivity is applied using a 4D approach. Given that, the entity made of an electron and a proton that travel, interact, and then depart from each other is an item, since we don't focus only on the beginning or the end stage but to the overall 4D entity, being the interaction the connectivity bridge between the two particles.
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: CausalObject
example: A person life, an interval of a person life. The lifetime of two components, from the production in separate manufacturing lines, their being connected components in a device, including their eparation and decommissioning.
conceptualisation: A world entity is direct causally self-connected if any two parts that make up the whole are direct causally connected to each other. In the EMMO, topological connectivity is based on causality. All physical objects, i.e. entities whose behaviour is explained by physics laws, are represented only by items. In other words, a physical object part is embedded in a direct causal graph that provides always a path between two of its parts. Members of a collection lack such direct causality connection, i.e. they do not constitute a physical object. Following graph theory concepts, the quantums of an item are all connected together within a network of causal relations, forming a connected causal graph. A collection is then a set of disconnected graphs.
definition: The disjoint union of Particle and CausalStructure classes.
elucidation: The class of individuals standing for quantum or causally self-connected world entities.

isSpatiallyRelatedWith
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between entities that express a mutual causation.
comment: A relation jointly covered by Contact and InteractWith relations, which are mutually exclusive.
definition: A relation jointly covered by Contact and InteractWith relations, which are mutually exclusive.
elucidation: The relation between entities that express a mutual causation.

hasReferent
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relation that connects the interpreter to the semiotic object in a semiotic process.
alternative label: hasSemioticObject
elucidation: A relation that connects the interpreter to the semiotic object in a semiotic process.

MeasurementUnit
type: Class
comment: A metrological reference for a physical quantity.
comment: "Real scalar quantity, defined and adopted by convention, with which any other quantity of the same kind can be compared to express the ratio of the second quantity to the first one as a number" ISO 80000-1
example: kg m/s km
elucidation: A metrological reference for a physical quantity.
VIMTerm: measurement unit (VIM3 1.9)
comment: Quantitative value are expressed as a multiple of the 'MeasurementUnit'.
comment: Measurement units and procedure units are disjoint.
comment: "Unit symbols are mathematical entities and not abbreviations." "Symbols for units are treated as mathematical entities. In expressing the value of a quantity as the product of a numerical value and a unit, both the numerical value and the unit may be treated by the ordinary rules of algebra." https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si-brochure/SI-Brochure-9-EN.pdf

JosephsonConstantUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'JosephsonConstant'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+4 L-2 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'JosephsonConstant'.

AreaPerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTemperature'.

CubicMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: A metric measure of volume or capacity equal to a cube 1 millimeter on each edge -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM3
ucumCode: mm3
unitSymbol: mm³
elucidation: A metric measure of volume or capacity equal to a cube 1 millimeter on each edge -- QUDT

ScalarMagneticPotential
type: Class
comment: Scalar potential of an irrotational magnetic field strength.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17162107
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-37.1
elucidation: Scalar potential of an irrotational magnetic field strength.

ElectricFieldStrength
type: Class
comment: Vector field quantity E which exerts on any charged particle at rest a force F equal to the product of E and the electric charge Q of the particle.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricFieldStrength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20989
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-10
elucidation: Vector field quantity E which exerts on any charged particle at rest a force F equal to the product of E and the electric charge Q of the particle.

RelativePermittivity
type: Class
comment: Permittivity divided by electric constant.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PERMITTIVITY_REL
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027242
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-15
elucidation: Permittivity divided by electric constant.

SquareMetreKelvinPerWatt
type: Class
comment: `Square Meter Kelvin per Watt` is a unit for 'Thermal Insulance' expressed as (K²)m/W. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Square Metre Kelvin per Watt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-K-PER-W
ucumCode: m2.K.W-1
unitSymbol: (K²)m/W
elucidation: `Square Meter Kelvin per Watt` is a unit for 'Thermal Insulance' expressed as (K²)m/W. -- QUDT

Dalton
type: Class
comment: One dalton is defined as one twelfth of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state.
comment: The unified atomic mass unit (symbol: μ) or dalton (symbol: Da) is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state, and has a value of 1.660538782(83) × 10⁻²⁷ kg. One Da is approximately equal to the mass of one proton or one neutron. The CIPM have categorised it as a "non-SI unit whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally". -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.660539e-27
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Da
uneceCommonCode: D43
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/Da
ucumCode: u
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Unified_atomic_mass_unit
definition: One dalton is defined as one twelfth of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state.
elucidation: The unified atomic mass unit (symbol: μ) or dalton (symbol: Da) is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state, and has a value of 1.660538782(83) × 10⁻²⁷ kg. One Da is approximately equal to the mass of one proton or one neutron. The CIPM have categorised it as a "non-SI unit whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally". -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_mass_unit
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01514

ScandiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the scandium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Sc
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the scandium atom.

CubicCentiMetrePerMinute
type: Class
comment: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit minute -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-08
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-MIN
ucumCode: cm3/min
ucumCode: cm3.min-1
unitSymbol: cm³/min
elucidation: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit minute -- QUDT

FreeForming
type: Class
comment: Printing forms with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other. The workpiece shape is created by free or fixed relative movement between the tool and the workpiece (kinematic shape generation).
comment: Non la metterei
comment: Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other.

KelvinPerWatt
type: Class
comment: Thermal resistance is a heat property and a measure of a temperature difference by which an object or material resists a heat flow (heat per time unit or thermal resistance). Thermal resistance is the reciprocal thermal conductance. Absolute thermal resistance is the temperature difference across a structure when a unit of heat energy flows through it in unit time. It is the reciprocal of thermal conductance. The SI units of thermal resistance are kelvins per watt or the equivalent degrees Celsius per watt (the two are the same since as intervals). -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Kelvin per Watt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-W
ucumCode: K/W
ucumCode: K.W-1
unitSymbol: K/W
elucidation: Thermal resistance is a heat property and a measure of a temperature difference by which an object or material resists a heat flow (heat per time unit or thermal resistance). Thermal resistance is the reciprocal thermal conductance. Absolute thermal resistance is the temperature difference across a structure when a unit of heat energy flows through it in unit time. It is the reciprocal of thermal conductance. The SI units of thermal resistance are kelvins per watt or the equivalent degrees Celsius per watt (the two are the same since as intervals). -- QUDT

Visual
type: Class
comment: A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer through an optical perception employing the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
example: A cloud. A picture. A colour gradient on a wall. A stain. A mail.
elucidation: A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer through an optical perception employing the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

SquareMetrePerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: Square metre per square second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: m2.s-2
unitSymbol: m²/s²
elucidation: Square metre per square second.

SpecificVolume
type: Class
comment: inverse of the mass density ρ, thus v = 1/ρ.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MassicVolume
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificVolume
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683556
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-3
elucidation: inverse of the mass density ρ, thus v = 1/ρ.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05807

Wavenumber
type: Class
comment: Reciprocal of the wavelength.
alternative label: Repetency
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Wavenumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192510
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Wavenumber
ISO80000Reference: 3-20
elucidation: Reciprocal of the wavelength.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavenumber
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06664

FundamentalReciprocalLatticeVector
type: Class
comment: Fundamental translation vectors for the reciprocal lattice.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FundamentalReciprocalLatticeVector
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105475399
ISO80000Reference: 12-2.2
elucidation: Fundamental translation vectors for the reciprocal lattice.

MicroCoulombPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Microcoulomb Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroC-PER-M3
ucumCode: uC.m-3
unitSymbol: μC/m³
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy liquid-phase sintering: sintering of a powder or compact containing at least two constituents, under conditions such that a liquid phase is formed

Numerical
type: Class
comment: A 'Mathematical' that has no unknown value, i.e. all its 'Variable"-s parts refers to a 'Number' (for scalars that have a built-in datatype) or to another 'Numerical' (for complex numerical data structures that should rely on external implementations).
elucidation: A 'Mathematical' that has no unknown value, i.e. all its 'Variable"-s parts refers to a 'Number' (for scalars that have a built-in datatype) or to another 'Numerical' (for complex numerical data structures that should rely on external implementations).

CoulombPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Coulomb Per Cubic Meter (C/m³) is a unit in the category of Electric charge density. It is also known as coulomb per cubic metre, coulombs per cubic meter, coulombs per cubic metre, coulomb/cubic meter, coulomb/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Cubic Meter has a dimension of L⁻³TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Coulomb per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-M3
ucumCode: C/m3
ucumCode: C.m-3
unitSymbol: C/m³
elucidation: Coulomb Per Cubic Meter (C/m³) is a unit in the category of Electric charge density. It is also known as coulomb per cubic metre, coulombs per cubic meter, coulombs per cubic metre, coulomb/cubic meter, coulomb/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Cubic Meter has a dimension of L⁻³TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

YoctoPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "yocto" (1e-24).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-24
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "yocto" (1e-24).

CubicMetrePerHectare
type: Class
comment: Cubic metre per hectare.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-04
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-HA
ucumCode: m3.har-1
unitSymbol: m^3/ha
elucidation: Cubic metre per hectare.

ElectricPotentialPerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-4 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTime'.

CubicCentiMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-SEC
ucumCode: cm3.s-1
ucumCode: cm3/s
unitSymbol: cm³/s
elucidation: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

CubicCentiMetrePerMoleSecond
type: Class
comment: A unit that is the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol multiplied by the SI base unit second. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic centimeter per mole second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-MOL-SEC
unitSymbol: cm³/(mol⋅s)
elucidation: A unit that is the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol multiplied by the SI base unit second. -- QUDT

qualified cardinality: 2

comment
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A text that add some information about the entity.
comment: A comment can be addressed to facilitate interpretation, to suggest possible usage, to clarify the concepts behind each entity with respect to other ontological apporaches.
sub property of: comment
elucidation: A text that add some information about the entity.

Nano
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-9.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: n
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-9.

Decay
type: Class
comment: A collapse is a fundamental process occurring to one particle that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(1,n) with n>1, being n the number of outgoing particles.
conceptualisation: A collapse is a fundamental process occurring to one particle that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(1,n) with n>1, being n the number of outgoing particles.

Deducer
type: Class
comment: An interpreter who establish the connection between an index sign and an object according to a causal contiguity.
subclass of: Restriction
example: Someone who deduces the occurring of a physical phenomenon through other phenomena.
example: Someone who deduces an emotional status of a persona according to facial expression.
elucidation: An interpreter who establish the connection between an index sign and an object according to a causal contiguity.

ThermalInsulance
type: Class
comment: Reciprocal of the coefficient of heat transfer.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: CoefficientOfThermalInsulance
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalInsulance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2596212
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-11
elucidation: Reciprocal of the coefficient of heat transfer.

ElectronDensity
type: Class
comment: Number of electrons in conduction band per volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectronDensity
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-29.1
elucidation: Number of electrons in conduction band per volume.

SquareMetrePerHertzPerDegree
type: Class
comment: Square metre per Hertz and angular degree unit.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 5.729578e+01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-HZ-DEG
ucumCode: m2.Hz-1.deg-1
unitSymbol: m²/(Hz⋅°)
elucidation: Square metre per Hertz and angular degree unit.

StringData
type: Class
comment: Symbolic data that consist of a sequence of characters.
comment: Since a string is a simple type that can contain only characters but not other child elements, is often not suitable for representing human text, that may need additional elements for control of aspects such as bidirectional formatting or ruby annotation.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: string
elucidation: Symbolic data that consist of a sequence of characters.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN ISO 15156-3:2015-12
annotated target: Heat to a temperature appropriate for the particular material, maintain at that temperature and then cool at an appropriate rate to reduce hardness, improve machinability or achieve desired properties.

PerJouleCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Joule cubic metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-J-M3
ucumCode: J-1.m-3
unitSymbol: /(J⋅m³)
elucidation: Per Joule cubic metre.

LondonPenetrationDepth
type: Class
comment: Distance a magnetic field penetrates the plane surface of a semi-finite superconductor.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LondonPenetrationDepth
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3277853
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-38.1
elucidation: Distance a magnetic field penetrates the plane surface of a semi-finite superconductor.

AmperePerSquareCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Ampere Per Square Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-CentiM2
ucumCode: A/cm2
ucumCode: A.cm-2
unitSymbol: A/cm²
elucidation: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated target: An Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. It is similar to URI, but greatly extends the allowed character set from ASCII to the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646)..

WattPerSquareMetrePascal
type: Class
comment: Watt Per Square Meter Per Pascal (W/m²-pa) is a unit of Evaporative Heat Transfer. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Watt per Square Metre Pascal
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-PA
ucumCode: W.m-2.Pa-1
unitSymbol: W/(m²⋅pa)
elucidation: Watt Per Square Meter Per Pascal (W/m²-pa) is a unit of Evaporative Heat Transfer. -- QUDT

EnergyPerSquareMagneticFluxDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerSquareMagneticFluxDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L+2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerSquareMagneticFluxDensity'.

CubicCentiMetrePerMole
type: Class
comment: 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-MOL
ucumCode: cm3/mol
ucumCode: cm3.mol-1
unitSymbol: cm³/mol
elucidation: 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT

SquareMetrePerNewton
type: Class
comment: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the derived SI unit newton -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Square Metre Per Newton
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-N
ucumCode: m2.N-1
unitSymbol: m²/N
elucidation: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the derived SI unit newton -- QUDT

SymbolicConstruct
type: Class
comment: A symbolic entity made of other symbolic entities according to a specific spatial configuration.
comment: This class collects individuals that represents arrangements of strings, or other symbolic compositions, without any particular predifined arrangement schema.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A symbolic entity made of other symbolic entities according to a specific spatial configuration.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Existent
etymology: ex-sistere (latin): to stay (to persist through time) outside others of the same type (to be distinct from the rest).

ThermalTransmittanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalTransmittance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L0 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalTransmittance'.

TemperatureTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureTime'.

PlasmaCutting
type: Class

GrueneisenParamter
type: Class
comment: Describes the effect that changing the volume of a crystal lattice has on its vibrational properties, and, as a consequence, the effect that changing temperature has on the size or dynamics of the lattice.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q444656
ISO80000Reference: 12-14
elucidation: Describes the effect that changing the volume of a crystal lattice has on its vibrational properties, and, as a consequence, the effect that changing temperature has on the size or dynamics of the lattice.

AlgebricExpression
type: Class
comment: An expression that has parts only integer constants, variables, and the algebraic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentiation by an exponent that is a rational number)
example: 2x+3

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: CausalObject
etymology: From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and Medieval Latin obiectum (“object”, literally “thrown against”).

TransferMolding
type: Class

CubicCentiMetrePerHour
type: Class
comment: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-10
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-HR
ucumCode: cm3.h-1
ucumCode: cm3/h
unitSymbol: cm³/hr
elucidation: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit hour -- QUDT

Factory
type: Class
comment: A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled.
alternative label: IndustrialPlant
elucidation: A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled.

SquareMilliMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: Square Millimetre Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM2-PER-SEC
ucumCode: mm2.s-1
unitSymbol: mm²/s
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

ElementaryParticle
type: Class
comment: An elementary particle is a causal chain of quantum entities of the same type. For example, an elementary electron is a sequence of fundamental electrons only.
comment: A chausal chain whose quantum parts are of the same standard model fundamental type.
alternative label: SingleParticleChain
conceptualisation: An elementary particle is a causal chain of quantum entities of the same type. For example, an elementary electron is a sequence of fundamental electrons only.
elucidation: A chausal chain whose quantum parts are of the same standard model fundamental type.

WattPerSquareCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: Watt Per Square Centimeter is a unit of heat flux or thermal flux, the rate of heat energy transfer through a given surface. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+04
alternative label: Watt per Square Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-CentiM2
ucumCode: W.cm-2
unitSymbol: W/cm²
elucidation: Watt Per Square Centimeter is a unit of heat flux or thermal flux, the rate of heat energy transfer through a given surface. -- QUDT

PromethiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the promethium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pm
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the promethium atom.

LitrePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: unit of the volume litre divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
alternative label: Litre Per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: L.kg-1
ucumCode: L/kg
unitSymbol: L/kg
elucidation: unit of the volume litre divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT

DegreeCelsiusPerHour
type: Class
comment: `Degree Celsius per Hour` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / hr. -- QUDT
alternative label: Degree Celsius per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-HR
ucumCode: Cel/h
ucumCode: Cel.h-1
unitSymbol: °C/hr
elucidation: `Degree Celsius per Hour` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / hr. -- QUDT

NumberOfTurnsInAWinding
type: Class
comment: Number of turns in a winding.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77995997
ISO80000Reference: 6-38
elucidation: Number of turns in a winding.

Gathering
type: Class
comment: A mixed tiling in wich a tile is the next of spatially connected tiles.
elucidation: A mixed tiling in wich a tile is the next of spatially connected tiles.

Axiom
annotated target: A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource.

AmountOfSubstance
type: Class
comment: The number of elementary entities present.
comment: "In the name “amount of substance”, the word “substance” will typically be replaced by words to specify the substance concerned in any particular application, for example “amount of hydrogen chloride, HCl”, or “amount of benzene, C6H6 ”. It is important to give a precise definition of the entity involved (as emphasized in the definition of the mole); this should preferably be done by specifying the molecular chemical formula of the material involved. Although the word “amount” has a more general dictionary definition, the abbreviation of the full name “amount of substance” to “amount” may be used for brevity." -- SI Brochure
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AmountOfSubstance
ISO80000Reference: 9-2
elucidation: The number of elementary entities present.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00297

AbsoluteActivity
type: Class
comment: The exponential of the ratio of the chemical potential to R*T where R is the gas constant and T the thermodynamic temperature.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsoluteActivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56638155
ISO80000Reference: 9-18
elucidation: The exponential of the ratio of the chemical potential to R*T where R is the gas constant and T the thermodynamic temperature.
iupacReference: https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/A00019

Hadron
type: Class
comment: Particles composed of two or more quarks.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: Particles composed of two or more quarks.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadron

Foam
type: Class
comment: A colloid formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid.
elucidation: A colloid formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid.

AmountPerVolumeTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerVolumeTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerVolumeTime'.

PlasticModeling
type: Class

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-7:1989-11
annotated target: Strengthening by rolling is the strengthening of component surfaces by mechanically generating compressive stresses in the component surface and consolidating the material.

hasJunctionPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The part is connected with the rest item or members with hasNext (or its inverse) and hasContact relations only.
alternative label: hasSpatioTemporalPart
elucidation: The part is connected with the rest item or members with hasNext (or its inverse) and hasContact relations only.

hasUnitSymbol
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a prefixed unit to its unit symbol part.
elucidation: Relates a prefixed unit to its unit symbol part.

ShortRangeOrderParameter
type: Class
comment: fraction of nearest-neighbour atom pairs in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Short-RangeOrderParameter
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105495979
ISO80000Reference: 12-5.1
elucidation: fraction of nearest-neighbour atom pairs in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction

Molds
type: Class

POH
type: Class
comment: number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aOH- of the hydroxide anion OH- pH = −10 log(a_OH-)
comment: Written as pOH
elucidation: number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aOH- of the hydroxide anion OH- pH = −10 log(a_OH-)

ChemicallyDefinedMaterial
type: Class

hasURLValue
type: DatatypeProperty

MigrationArea
type: Class
comment: Sum of the slowing-down area from fission energy to thermal energy and the diffusion area for thermal neutrons.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MigrationArea
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98966325
ISO80000Reference: 10-72.3
elucidation: Sum of the slowing-down area from fission energy to thermal energy and the diffusion area for thermal neutrons.

CubicMetrePerMinute
type: Class
comment: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit minute -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-02
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre Per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-MIN
ucumCode: m3.min-1
unitSymbol: m³/min
elucidation: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit minute -- QUDT

PerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Per Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /K. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Reciprocal Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-K
ucumCode: K-1
unitSymbol: /K
elucidation: Per Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /K. -- QUDT

RutheniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for ruthenium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 44
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 101.07
elucidation: Atom subclass for ruthenium.

EndTile
type: Class

VIMTerm
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The term in the International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) (JCGM 200:2008) that corresponds to the annotated term in EMMO.
sub property of: isDefinedBy
example: quantity value (term in VIM that corresponds to Quantity in EMMO)

PotassiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for potassium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 19
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 39.0983
elucidation: Atom subclass for potassium.

Irradiate
type: Class

Array
type: Class
comment: Arrays are ordered objects, since they are a subclasses of Arrangement.
comment: Arrays are ordered mathematical objects who's elementary spatial parts are numbers. Their dimensionality is constructed with spatial direct parthood, where 1-dimensional arrays have spatial direct parts Number and n-dimensional array have spatial direct parts (n-1)-dimensional arrays.
comment: Array subclasses with a specific shape can be constructed with cardinality restrictions. See Shape4x3Matrix as an example.
example: A Vector is a 1-dimensional Array with Number as spatial direct parts, a Matrix is a 2-dimensional Array with Vector as spatial direct parts, an Array3D is a 3-dimensional Array with Matrix as spatial direct parts, and so forth...
elucidation: Arrays are ordered mathematical objects who's elementary spatial parts are numbers. Their dimensionality is constructed with spatial direct parthood, where 1-dimensional arrays have spatial direct parts Number and n-dimensional array have spatial direct parts (n-1)-dimensional arrays.

Imp
comment: Ensure that the hasNext relation expresses a strictly one-way causality arrow between two entities.
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: y
  argument2: x

ElectricCurrentUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrent'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrent'.

FunctionallyDefinedMaterial
type: Class

IonicStrength
type: Class
comment: For all types of ions in a solution, half the sum of the products of their molality b_i and the square of their charge number z_i.
comment: Charge number is a quantity of dimension one defined in ChargeNumber.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IonicStrength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898396
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 9-42
elucidation: For all types of ions in a solution, half the sum of the products of their molality b_i and the square of their charge number z_i.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03180

LogarithmicUnit
type: Class
comment: A logarithmic unit is a unit that can be used to express a quantity (physical or mathematical) on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function applied to the ratio of the quantity and a reference quantity of the same type.
comment: Note that logarithmic units like decibel or neper are not univocally defines, since their definition depends on whether they are used to measure a "power" or a "root-power" quantity. It is advisory to create a uniquely defined subclass these units for concrete usage.
example: Decibel
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/LogarithmicUnit
elucidation: A logarithmic unit is a unit that can be used to express a quantity (physical or mathematical) on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function applied to the ratio of the quantity and a reference quantity of the same type.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic_scale#Logarithmic_units

StandardEquilibriumConstant
type: Class
comment: Constant of a chemical reaction. It is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change.
alternative label: ThermodynamicEquilibriumConstant
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95993378
ISO80000Reference: 9-32
elucidation: Constant of a chemical reaction. It is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05915

ModulusOfElasticity
type: Class
comment: Mechanical property of linear elastic solid materials.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: YoungsModulus
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091584
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-19.1
elucidation: Mechanical property of linear elastic solid materials.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03966

comment: The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasSign) o inverse (hasReferent) => hasInterpreter

ShortData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 16-bit integer number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: short
elucidation: A data representing 16-bit integer number.

AmperePerGram
type: Class
comment: A unit of electric current per mass.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
elucidation: A unit of electric current per mass.

TemperaturePerPressureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerPressure'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L+1 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerPressure'.

CubicMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: A cubic metre per second (m³s⁻¹, m³/s), cumecs or cubic meter per second in American English) is a derived SI unit of flow rate equal to that of a stere or cube with sides of one metre ( u0303 39.37 in) in length exchanged or moving each second. It is popularly used for water flow, especially in rivers and streams, and fractions for HVAC values measuring air flow. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-SEC
ucumCode: m3.s-1
ucumCode: m3/s
unitSymbol: m³/s
elucidation: A cubic metre per second (m³s⁻¹, m³/s), cumecs or cubic meter per second in American English) is a derived SI unit of flow rate equal to that of a stere or cube with sides of one metre ( u0303 39.37 in) in length exchanged or moving each second. It is popularly used for water flow, especially in rivers and streams, and fractions for HVAC values measuring air flow. -- QUDT

MolarAttenuationCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Quotient of linear attenuation coefficient µ and the amount c of the medium.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98592828
ISO80000Reference: 10-51
elucidation: Quotient of linear attenuation coefficient µ and the amount c of the medium.

BondedObject
type: Class
comment: A bonded object is a sequence of fundamental interactions that can be described approximatively by Schrodinger formulation. A bonded object is typically characterised by having quantum states (e.g. electron states in an atom, energy levels of a molecule). Furthermore, a bonded object is made of elementary particles that travels from the beginning to the end of the entity (i.e. a bonded object doesn't change its components).
comment: "... in the 'classical' picture ordinary matter is made of atoms, in which electrons are held in orbit around a nucleus of protons and neutrons by the electrical attraction of opposite charges. We can now give this model a more sophisticated formulation by attributing the binding force to the exchange of photons between the electrons and the protons in the nucleus. However, for the purposes of atomic physics this is overkill, for in this context quantization of the electromagnetic field produces only minute effects (notably the Lamb shift and the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron). To excellent approximation we can pretend that the forces are given by Coulomb's law (together with various magnetic dipole couplings). The point is that in a bound state enormous numbers of photons are continually streaming back and forth, so that the "lumpiness" of the field is effectively smoothed out, and classical electrodynamics is a suitable approximation to the truth. But in most elementary particle processes, such as the photoelectric effect or Compton scattering, individual photons are involved, and quantization can no longer be ignored." D. Griffiths, "Introduction to elementary Particles", Wiley-VCH, 2004, pp.16-17
conceptualisation: A bonded object is a sequence of fundamental interactions that can be described approximatively by Schrodinger formulation. A bonded object is typically characterised by having quantum states (e.g. electron states in an atom, energy levels of a molecule). Furthermore, a bonded object is made of elementary particles that travels from the beginning to the end of the entity (i.e. a bonded object doesn't change its components).

GadoliniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the gadolinium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Gd
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the gadolinium atom.

KryptonAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for krypton.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 36
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 83.798
elucidation: Atom subclass for krypton.

Manufacturing
type: Class
comment: The process of transforming precursor objects (e.g. raw materials) into a product by the use of manual labor, machinery or chemical/biological processes.
comment: Deals with entities that have a defined shape.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
see also: ISO 18435-1:2009 manufacturing process: set of processes in manufacturing involving a flow and/or transformation of material, information, energy, control, or any other element in a manufacturing area
see also: ISO 15531-1:2004 manufacturing: function or act of converting or transforming material from raw material or semi-finished state to a state of further completion
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: The process of transforming precursor objects (e.g. raw materials) into a product by the use of manual labor, machinery or chemical/biological processes.
wikipediaReference: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertigungsverfahren

ObjectiveProperty
type: Class
comment: The word objective does not mean that each observation will provide the same results. It means that the observation followed a well defined procedure. This class refers to what is commonly known as physical property, i.e. a measurable property of physical system, whether is quantifiable or not.
comment: A quantity that is obtained from a well-defined procedure.
comment: Subclasses of 'ObjectiveProperty' classify objects according to the type semiosis that is used to connect the property to the object (e.g. by measurement, by convention, by modelling).
alternative label: QuantitativeProperty
alternative label: PhysicalProperty
elucidation: A quantity that is obtained from a well-defined procedure.

qudtReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: URL to corresponing entity in QUDT.
elucidation: URL to corresponing entity in QUDT.

SpecificEnthalpy
type: Class
comment: Enthalpy per unit mass.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEnthalpy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21572993
ISO80000Reference: 5-21.3
elucidation: Enthalpy per unit mass.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy#Specific_enthalpy

Plus
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: +

notOverlaps
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between individuals representing non-overlapping entities (i.e. that have no parts in common).
elucidation: The relation between individuals representing non-overlapping entities (i.e. that have no parts in common).

WattPerLitre
type: Class
comment: A unit for power per volume quantities.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
elucidation: A unit for power per volume quantities.

Measurement
type: Class
comment: A measurement always implies a causal interaction between the object and the observer.
comment: An 'observation' that results in a quantitative comparison of a 'property' of an 'object' with a standard reference based on a well defined mesurement procedure.
comment: A measurement is the process of experimentally obtaining one or more measurement results that can reasonably be attributed to a quantity.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: An 'observation' that results in a quantitative comparison of a 'property' of an 'object' with a standard reference based on a well defined mesurement procedure.
VIMTerm: measurement

PerMetreNanoMetreSteradian
type: Class
comment: Per metre and nanometre and steradian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
alternative label: ReciprocalMetreNanoMetreSteradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-NanoM-SR
ucumCode: m-1.nm-1.sr-1
unitSymbol: /(m⋅nm⋅sr)
elucidation: Per metre and nanometre and steradian.

SquareMetrePerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: A square metre unit of area per square metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: square metre per square metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-M2
unitSymbol: m²/m²
elucidation: A square metre unit of area per square metre -- QUDT

Moulding
type: Class
comment: Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other (from: DIN 8583 Part 3/05.70).
alternative label: Gesenkformen

Graphical
type: Class
comment: A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatial configuration is due to an explicit graphical procedure and shows an identifiable pattern.
comment: This concept includes only things that are purposely created by an agent.
example: 'Graphical' objects include writings, pictures, sketches ...
elucidation: A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatial configuration is due to an explicit graphical procedure and shows an identifiable pattern.

RollingResistance
type: Class
comment: Force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface.
alternative label: RollingDrag
alternative label: RollingFrictionForce
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914921
ISO80000Reference: 4-9.5
elucidation: Force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface.

Mega
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e6.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: M
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e6.

IodineAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for iodine.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 126.90447
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 53
elucidation: Atom subclass for iodine.

ReciprocalVolume
type: Class
comment: Physical quantity for measuring per volume.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: Physical quantity for measuring per volume.

RelativePermeability
type: Class
comment: Scalar quantity or tensor quantity equal to the absolute permeability divided by the magnetic constant.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticPermeabilityRatio
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77785645
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-27
elucidation: Scalar quantity or tensor quantity equal to the absolute permeability divided by the magnetic constant.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05272

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Procedure
etymology: From Latin pro-cedere (“to go forward, to proceed”).

EuropiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the europium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Eu
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the europium atom.

Division
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: /

MicroLitrePerLitre
type: Class
comment: volume ratio as 0.000001-fold of the unit litre divided by the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: Microlitre Per Litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroL-PER-L
ucumCode: uL.L-1
ucumCode: uL/L
unitSymbol: μL/L
elucidation: volume ratio as 0.000001-fold of the unit litre divided by the unit litre -- QUDT

MaximumEfficiency
type: Class
comment: Efficiency of an ideal heat engine operating according to the Carnot process.
alternative label: CarnotEfficiency
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93949862
ISO80000Reference: 5-25.2
elucidation: Efficiency of an ideal heat engine operating according to the Carnot process.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8589-0:2003-09
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Machining in which a tool is used whose number of cutting edges, geometry of the cutting wedges and position of the cutting edges in relation to the workpiece are determined

LuminousEfficacyOf540THzRadiation
type: Class
comment: The luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 10 12 Hz, K cd , is a technical constant that gives an exact numerical relationship between the purely physical characteristics of the radiant power stimulating the human eye (W) and its photobiological response defined by the luminous flux due to the spectral responsivity of a standard observer (lm) at a frequency of 540 × 10 12 hertz.
comment: Defines the Candela base unit in the SI system.
elucidation: The luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 10 12 Hz, K cd , is a technical constant that gives an exact numerical relationship between the purely physical characteristics of the radiant power stimulating the human eye (W) and its photobiological response defined by the luminous flux due to the spectral responsivity of a standard observer (lm) at a frequency of 540 × 10 12 hertz.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Property
etymology: From Latin proprietas (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”), from proprius (“special, particular, one's own”).

SquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTime'.

qualified cardinality: 4

SulfurAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for sulfur.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 32.06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 16
elucidation: Atom subclass for sulfur.

DynamicViscosity
type: Class
comment: The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow when an external force is applied.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Viscosity
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DynamicViscosity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15152757
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-24
elucidation: The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow when an external force is applied.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01877

Assignment
type: Class
comment: A estimation of a property by a criteria based on the pre-existing knowledge of the estimator.
example: The Argon gas in my bottle has ionisation energy of 15.7596 eV. This is not measured but assigned to this material by previous knowledge.
elucidation: A estimation of a property by a criteria based on the pre-existing knowledge of the estimator.

Solubility
type: Class
comment: The analytical composition of a saturated solution, expressed in terms of the proportion of a designated solute in a designated solvent, is the solubility of that solute.
comment: The solubility may be expressed as a concentration, molality, mole fraction, mole ratio, etc.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170731
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
elucidation: The analytical composition of a saturated solution, expressed in terms of the proportion of a designated solute in a designated solvent, is the solubility of that solute.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05740

hasConvention
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a conventional sign in a declaration process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a conventional sign in a declaration process.

TemperaturePerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerTime'.

YtterbiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for ytterbium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 70
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 173.054
elucidation: Atom subclass for ytterbium.

CoperniciumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the copernicium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cn
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the copernicium atom.

WeberPerMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit weber divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
alternative label: Weber Per Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB-PER-MilliM
ucumCode: Wb.mm-1
unitSymbol: Wb/mm
elucidation: derived SI unit weber divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

MassFractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two masses.
example: Unit for mass fraction.
elucidation: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two masses.

AtomicPhysicsCrossSection
type: Class
comment: Measure of probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Cross-Section.html
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17128025
ISO80000Reference: 10-38.1
elucidation: Measure of probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles.

Axiom
annotated target: Source code (also referred to as source or code) is the version of software as it is originally written (i.e., typed into a computer) by a human in plain text (i.e., human readable alphanumeric characters).

SpecificGasConstant
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the Boltzmann constant and the mass m.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94372268
ISO80000Reference: 5-26
elucidation: Quotient of the Boltzmann constant and the mass m.

MagneticQuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Atomic quantum number related to the z component lz, jz or sz, of the orbital, total, or spin angular momentum.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticQuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2009727
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.4
elucidation: Atomic quantum number related to the z component lz, jz or sz, of the orbital, total, or spin angular momentum.

AmountPerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMass'.

BerkeliumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the berkelium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Bk
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the berkelium atom.

conceptualisation
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A conceptualisation is the preliminary step behind each theory, preceding each logical formalisation. The readers approaching an ontology entity should first read the conceptualisation annotation to clearly understand "what we are talking about" and the accompanying terminology, and then read the elucidation.
comment: The conceptualisation annotation is a comment that helps the reader to understand how the world has been conceptualised by the ontology authors.
sub property of: comment
elucidation: The conceptualisation annotation is a comment that helps the reader to understand how the world has been conceptualised by the ontology authors.
comment: An elucidation can provide references to external knowledge sources (i.e. ISO, Goldbook, RoMM).

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy reaction sintering: process wherein at least two constituents of a powder mixture react during sintering

Mixture
type: Class
comment: A Miixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are physically (not chemically) combined.
elucidation: A Miixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are physically (not chemically) combined.

SolidLiquidSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of liquid in a solid continuum phase.
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of liquid in a solid continuum phase.

HandlingDevice
type: Class

NonActivePower
type: Class
comment: For a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit under periodic conditions, quantity equal to the square root of the difference of the squares of the apparent power S and the active power P.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NonActivePower
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79813060
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-61
elucidation: For a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit under periodic conditions, quantity equal to the square root of the difference of the squares of the apparent power S and the active power P.

LandeFactor
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the total angular momentum quantum number and the Bohr magneton.
alternative label: GFactorOfAtom
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LandeGFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191684
ISO80000Reference: 10-14.1
elucidation: Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the total angular momentum quantum number and the Bohr magneton.

ReactivePower
type: Class
comment: Imaginary part of the complex power.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ReactivePower
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144613
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-60
elucidation: Imaginary part of the complex power.

PerTemperatureTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperatureTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperatureTime'.

MagneticFieldStrength
type: Class
comment: Strength of a magnetic field. Commonly denoted H.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MagnetizingFieldStrength
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFieldStrength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28123
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-25
elucidation: Strength of a magnetic field. Commonly denoted H.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03683

FermiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the fermium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Fm
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the fermium atom.

HolmiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for holmium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 67
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 164.93033
elucidation: Atom subclass for holmium.

Rotation
type: Class
comment: Number of turns.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76435127
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-14
elucidation: Number of turns.
elucidation: Rotation is not necessarily integer.

UTF8
type: Class
comment: A unicode character encoded with UTF-8.
elucidation: A unicode character encoded with UTF-8.

MicroFaradPerKiloMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the 1,000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Microfarad Per Kilometre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroFARAD-PER-KiloM
ucumCode: uF.km-1
unitSymbol: μF/km
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the 1,000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

ExtentOfReaction
type: Class
comment: Difference between equilibrium and initial amount of a substance, divided by its stoichiometric number.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ExtentOfReaction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899046
ISO80000Reference: 9-31
elucidation: Difference between equilibrium and initial amount of a substance, divided by its stoichiometric number.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02283

CuriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the curium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cm
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the curium atom.

PhysicsEquation
type: Class
comment: An 'equation' that stands for a 'physical_law' by mathematically defining the relations between physics_quantities.
example: The Newton's equation of motion. The Schrödinger equation. The Navier-Stokes equation.
elucidation: An 'equation' that stands for a 'physical_law' by mathematically defining the relations between physics_quantities.

UpperCriticalMagneticFluxDensity
type: Class
comment: For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for disappearance of bulk superconductivity.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/UpperCriticalMagneticFluxDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106127634
ISO80000Reference: 12-36.3
elucidation: For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for disappearance of bulk superconductivity.

RutherfordiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the rutherfordium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Rf
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the rutherfordium atom.

MicroPascal
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroPA
ucumCode: uPa
unitSymbol: μPa
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit pascal -- QUDT

Conventional
type: Class
comment: In Peirce semiotics this kind of sign category is called symbol. However, since symbol is also used in formal languages, the name is changed in conventional.
comment: A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' through convention, norm or habit, without any resemblance to it.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' through convention, norm or habit, without any resemblance to it.

Extensive
type: Class
comment: A quantity whose magnitude is additive for subsystems.
comment: Note that not all physical quantities can be categorised as being either intensive or extensive. For example the square root of the mass.
example: Mass Volume Entropy
elucidation: A quantity whose magnitude is additive for subsystems.

DebyeTemperature
type: Class
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DebyeTemperature
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3517821
ISO80000Reference: 12-11

RelativeMassDensity
type: Class
comment: Mass density ρ of a substance divided by the mass density ρ0 of a reference substance, under conditions that should be specified for both substances.
alternative label: RelativeDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11027905
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-4
elucidation: Mass density ρ of a substance divided by the mass density ρ0 of a reference substance, under conditions that should be specified for both substances.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05262

BromineAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for bromine.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 35
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 79.904
elucidation: Atom subclass for bromine.

NeutronYieldPerAbsorption
type: Class
comment: Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per neutron absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NeutronYieldPerAbsorption
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99159075
ISO80000Reference: 10-74.2
elucidation: Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per neutron absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified.

AbsoluteHumidity
type: Class
comment: Mass of the contained water vapour per volume.
alternative label: MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsoluteHumidity
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378808
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-28
elucidation: Mass of the contained water vapour per volume.

disappearsInto
type: ObjectProperty

hasMetrologicalReference
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a quantity to its metrological reference through a semiotic process.
version info: In EMMO version 1.0.0-rc1, physical quantities used the hasMetrologicalReference object property to relate them to their units via physical dimensionality. This was simplified in 1.0.0-alpha3 in order to make reasoning faster. The restriction (e.g. for the physical quantity Length) Length hasMetrologicalReference only (hasPhysicsDimension only LengthDimension) was in 1.0.0-alpha3 changed to Length hasPhysicsDimension some LengthDimension Likewise were the universal restrictions on the corresponding unit changed to excistential. E.g. Metre hasPhysicsDimension only LengthDimension was changed to Metre hasPhysicsDimension some LengthDimension The label of this class was also changed from PhysicsDimension to PhysicalDimension.

RadiantFlux
type: Class
comment: The radiant energy emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit time.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RadiantFlux
elucidation: The radiant energy emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit time.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05046

C
type: Class

HardeningByForging
type: Class

LengthFractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two lengths.
example: Unit for plane angle.
elucidation: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two lengths.

ChemicalMaterial
type: Class

CompositeMaterial
type: Class
comment: A material that contains two or more constituent materials.
subclass of: Restriction
  min qualified cardinality: 2
alternative label: Composite
elucidation: A material that contains two or more constituent materials.

PromethiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for promethium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 61
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 144.91276
elucidation: Atom subclass for promethium.

SquareVoltPerSquareKelvin
type: Class
comment: Square volt per square Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V2-PER-K2
ucumCode: V2.K-2
unitSymbol: V²/K²
elucidation: Square volt per square Kelvin.

NominalProperty
type: Class
comment: "Property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has no magnitude." "A nominal property has a value, which can be expressed in words, by alphanumerical codes, or by other means." International vocabulary of metrology (VIM)
comment: An 'ObjectiveProperty' that cannot be quantified.
example: CFC is a 'sign' that stands for the fact that the morphology of atoms composing the microstructure of an entity is predominantly Cubic Face Centered A color is a nominal property. Sex of a human being.
elucidation: An 'ObjectiveProperty' that cannot be quantified.
VIMTerm: nominal property

ISO80000Categorised
type: Class

MetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: Metre per second is an SI derived unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector quantity which specifies both magnitude and a specific direction), defined by distance in metres divided by time in seconds. The official SI symbolic abbreviation is mu00b7s-1, or equivalently either m/s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
uneceCommonCode: MTS
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-SEC
omReference: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/metrePerSecond-Time
ucumCode: m.s-1
unitSymbol: m/s
elucidation: Metre per second is an SI derived unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector quantity which specifies both magnitude and a specific direction), defined by distance in metres divided by time in seconds. The official SI symbolic abbreviation is mu00b7s-1, or equivalently either m/s. -- QUDT

LinearExpansionCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Relative change of length per change of temperature.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearExpansionCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74760821
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-3.1
elucidation: Relative change of length per change of temperature.

AverageEnergyLossPerElementaryChargeProduced
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the initial kinetic energy Ek of an ionizing charged particle and the total ionization Ni produced by that particle.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AverageEnergyLossPerElementaryChargeProduced
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98793042
ISO80000Reference: 10-60
elucidation: Quotient of the initial kinetic energy Ek of an ionizing charged particle and the total ionization Ni produced by that particle.

MilliPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "milli" (1e-3).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "milli" (1e-3).

SquareMetrePerMole
type: Class
comment: Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per mole, square metre per per, square metres per per, square meter/per, square metre/per. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Square Metre per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-MOL
ucumCode: m2.mol-1
unitSymbol: m²/mol
elucidation: Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per mole, square metre per per, square metres per per, square meter/per, square metre/per. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Mole (m2/mol) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

SquareMetrePerGram
type: Class
comment: A unit in the category of specific area.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
elucidation: A unit in the category of specific area.

KelvinPerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: `Kelvin per Square Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time Squared' expressed as K / s². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Kelvin per Square Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: K/s^2
ucumCode: K.s-2
unitSymbol: K/s²
elucidation: `Kelvin per Square Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time Squared' expressed as K / s². -- QUDT

MaterialRelation
type: Class
comment: An 'equation' that stands for a physical assumption specific to a material, and provides an expression for a 'physics_quantity' (the dependent variable) as function of other variables, physics_quantity or data (independent variables).
comment: A material_relation can e.g. return a predefined number, return a database query, be an equation that depends on other physics_quantities.
example: The Lennard-Jones potential. A force field. An Hamiltonian.
elucidation: An 'equation' that stands for a physical assumption specific to a material, and provides an expression for a 'physics_quantity' (the dependent variable) as function of other variables, physics_quantity or data (independent variables).

PerNanoMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Nanometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /nm. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
alternative label: ReciprocalNanoMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-NanoM
ucumCode: nm-1
ucumCode: /nm
unitSymbol: /nm
elucidation: Per Nanometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /nm. -- QUDT

XenonSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the xenon atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Xe
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the xenon atom.

KelvinSquareMetrePerKilogramPerSecond
type: Class
comment: Kelvin square metres per kilogram and second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M2-PER-KiloGM-SEC
ucumCode: K.m2.kg-1.s-1
unitSymbol: K⋅m²/(kg⋅s)
elucidation: Kelvin square metres per kilogram and second.

Permeability
type: Class
comment: Measure for how the magnetization of material is affected by the application of an external magnetic field .
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ElectromagneticPermeability
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticPermeability
ISO80000Reference: 6-26.2
elucidation: Measure for how the magnetization of material is affected by the application of an external magnetic field .
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04503

WattHourPerLitre
type: Class
comment: A unit of energy density commonly used to measure the density of energy in batteries and capacitors.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
elucidation: A unit of energy density commonly used to measure the density of energy in batteries and capacitors.

JoulePerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Joule Per Square Meter (J/m²) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per square meter, joule per square metre, joule/square meter, joule/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Joule per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M2
ucumCode: J/m2
ucumCode: J.m-2
unitSymbol: J/m²
elucidation: Joule Per Square Meter (J/m²) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per square meter, joule per square metre, joule/square meter, joule/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT

HotDipGalvanizing
type: Class
alternative label: Hot-dipGalvanizing

SolidAngularMeasure
type: Class
comment: Measure of a conical geometric figure, called solid angle, formed by all rays, originating from a common point, called the vertex of the solid angle, and passing through the points of a closed, non-self-intersecting curve in space considered as the border of a surface.
alternative label: SolidAngle
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SolidAngle
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208476
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Solid_angle
ISO80000Reference: 3-8
elucidation: Measure of a conical geometric figure, called solid angle, formed by all rays, originating from a common point, called the vertex of the solid angle, and passing through the points of a closed, non-self-intersecting curve in space considered as the border of a surface.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_angle

MassFraction
type: Class
comment: Mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassFraction
ISO80000Reference: 9-11
elucidation: Mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03722

FleroviumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the flerovium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Fl
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the flerovium atom.

BerylliumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the beryllium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Be
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the beryllium atom.

PerMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Reciprocal metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M
ucumCode: m-1
ucumCode: /m
unitSymbol: /m
elucidation: Per Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m. -- QUDT

ThermalCutting
type: Class
comment: Thermal ablation is the separation of material particles in solid, liquid or gaseous state by heat processes as well as the removal of these material particles by mechanical or electromagnetic forces (from: DIN
alternative label: Thermisches Abtragen

SquarePascalSecond
type: Class
comment: Square Pascal Second (Pa²· s) is a unit in the category of sound exposure. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Pascal Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA2-SEC
ucumCode: Pa2.s
unitSymbol: Pa²⋅s
elucidation: Square Pascal Second (Pa²· s) is a unit in the category of sound exposure. -- QUDT

Simon Clark
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://www.sintef.no/en

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 15531-1:2004 manufacturing: function or act of converting or transforming material from raw material or semi-finished state to a state of further completion

Suspension
type: Class
comment: Suspensions show no significant effect on light.
comment: An heterogeneous mixture that contains coarsly dispersed particles (no Tyndall effect), that generally tend to separate in time to the dispersion medium phase.
elucidation: An heterogeneous mixture that contains coarsly dispersed particles (no Tyndall effect), that generally tend to separate in time to the dispersion medium phase.

KelvinPerHour
type: Class
comment: `Kelvin per Hour` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / h. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Kelvin per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-HR
ucumCode: K.h-1
unitSymbol: K/h
elucidation: `Kelvin per Hour` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / h. -- QUDT

ConductanceForAlternatingCurrent
type: Class
comment: Real part of the admittance.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79464628
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-52.2
elucidation: Real part of the admittance.

MaximumBetaParticleEnergy
type: Class
comment: Maximum kinetic energy of the emitted beta particle produced in the nuclear disintegration process.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MaximumBeta-ParticleEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98148038
ISO80000Reference: 10-33
elucidation: Maximum kinetic energy of the emitted beta particle produced in the nuclear disintegration process.

NewtonMetreSecond
type: Class
comment: The SI derived unit of angular momentum. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Metre Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-SEC
ucumCode: N.m.s
unitSymbol: N⋅m⋅s
elucidation: The SI derived unit of angular momentum. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SI_derived_unit

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Icon
etymology: From Ancient Greek εἰκών (eikṓn, “likeness, image, portrait”).

Measurer
type: Class
comment: An observer that makes use of a measurement tool and provides a quantitative property.
elucidation: An observer that makes use of a measurement tool and provides a quantitative property.

Angle
type: Class
comment: Ratio of circular arc length to radius.
alternative label: PlaneAngle
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PlaneAngle
ISO80000Reference: 3-5
elucidation: Ratio of circular arc length to radius.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00346

Axiom
annotated target: A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_(mathematics)

FrequencyPerVolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerVolume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerVolume'.

AmpereSecond
type: Class
comment: product out of the SI base unit ampere and the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Ampere Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-SEC
ucumCode: A.s
unitSymbol: A⋅s
elucidation: product out of the SI base unit ampere and the SI base unit second -- QUDT

SymbolicData
type: Class
comment: The class for entities which stands for data expressed using a symbolic encoding.
comment: A symbolic data is a a data that is rooted on some symbolic based encoding, such as floating point numbers, strings, integer. They are not to be intended as mathematical entities (even if they may be interpreted as such) but as syntactic structures (datastructures or datatypes) based on concatenated tokens (or symbols, letters) that can deliver data.
alternative label: LiteralData
conceptualisation: A symbolic data is a a data that is rooted on some symbolic based encoding, such as floating point numbers, strings, integer. They are not to be intended as mathematical entities (even if they may be interpreted as such) but as syntactic structures (datastructures or datatypes) based on concatenated tokens (or symbols, letters) that can deliver data.
elucidation: The class for entities which stands for data expressed using a symbolic encoding.

ThalliumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the thallium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Tl
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the thallium atom.

PerPascalSecond
type: Class
comment: Per Pascal and Second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-PA-SEC
ucumCode: Pa-1.s-1
unitSymbol: /(Pa⋅s)
elucidation: Per Pascal and Second.

ReciprocalMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalMass'.

Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: y
  argument2: x
comment: Enforcing a strict one-way causality direction.

SolidSolution
type: Class
comment: A solid solution made of two or more component substances.
elucidation: A solid solution made of two or more component substances.

PressurePerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PressurePerTime'.

MassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Mass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Mass'.

PerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAmount'.

Heat
type: Class
comment: Heat is energy in transfer to or from a thermodynamic system, by mechanisms other than thermodynamic work or transfer of matter.
alternative label: AmountOfHeat
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Heat
ISO80000Reference: 5-6.1
elucidation: Heat is energy in transfer to or from a thermodynamic system, by mechanisms other than thermodynamic work or transfer of matter.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02752

hasMultipleMembers
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A sub collection realtion where the proper part is fully encompasses some of the members of the collection.
elucidation: A sub collection realtion where the proper part is fully encompasses some of the members of the collection.

OsmoticCoefficientOfSolvent
type: Class
comment: Quantity characterizing the deviation of a solvent from ideal behavior.
alternative label: OsmoticFactorOfSolvent
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/OsmoticCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5776102
ISO80000Reference: 9-27.2
elucidation: Quantity characterizing the deviation of a solvent from ideal behavior.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04342

LiquidPhaseSintering
type: Class
see also: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy liquid-phase sintering: sintering of a powder or compact containing at least two constituents, under conditions such that a liquid phase is formed

JouleSecond
type: Class
comment: The joule-second is a unit equal to a joule multiplied by a second, used to measure action or angular momentum. The joule-second is the unit used for Planck's constant. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Joule Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-SEC
ucumCode: J.s
unitSymbol: J⋅s
elucidation: The joule-second is a unit equal to a joule multiplied by a second, used to measure action or angular momentum. The joule-second is the unit used for Planck's constant. -- QUDT

VoltPerCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit volt divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Volt Per Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-CentiM
ucumCode: V.cm-1
unitSymbol: V/cm
elucidation: derived SI unit volt divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

TemperatureLengthPerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureLengthPerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureLengthPerTime'.

Ruby
type: Class

TemperatureAreaPerMassTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureAreaPerMassTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+2 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureAreaPerMassTime'.

MassPerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerAmount'.

PeriodDuration
type: Class
comment: duration of one cycle of a periodic event
alternative label: Period
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Period
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642727
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-14
elucidation: duration of one cycle of a periodic event
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04493

ChargeNumber
type: Class
comment: The charge number of a particle may be presented as a superscript to the symbol of that particle, e.g. H+, He++, Al3+, Cl−, S=, N3−.
comment: The charge number of an electrically charged particle can be positive or negative. The charge number of an electrically neutral particle is zero.
comment: For a particle, electric charge q divided by elementary charge e.
alternative label: IonizationNumber
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ChargeNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1800063
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Charge_number
ISO80000Reference: 10-5.2
elucidation: For a particle, electric charge q divided by elementary charge e.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_number
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00993

DarmastadtiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for darmastadtium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 281.165
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 110
elucidation: Atom subclass for darmastadtium.

ScalarData
type: Class
comment: Scalar data are primitive symbolic data that are not built up of other types of symbolic data.
comment: A symbolic data that is not array data.
elucidation: A symbolic data that is not array data.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: isCauseOf
etymology: From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”).

ResonanceEnergy
type: Class
comment: Resonance in a nuclear reaction, determined by the kinetic energy of an incident particle in the reference frame of the target particle.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ResonanceEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98165187
ISO80000Reference: 10-37.2
elucidation: Resonance in a nuclear reaction, determined by the kinetic energy of an incident particle in the reference frame of the target particle.

Axiom
annotated target: A program is a sequence of instructions understandable by a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that indicates which operations the computer should perform on a set of data.

SpecificInternalEnergy
type: Class
comment: Internal energy per unit mass.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificInternalEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76357367
ISO80000Reference: 5-21.2
elucidation: Internal energy per unit mass.

Action
type: Class
comment: Physical quantity of dimension energy × time.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Action
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-32
elucidation: Physical quantity of dimension energy × time.

MetallicPowderSintering
type: Class

CubicMetrePerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre Per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-M2
ucumCode: m3.m-2
unitSymbol: m³/m²
elucidation: power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

InternalEnergy
type: Class
comment: A state quantity equal to the difference between the total energy of a system and the sum of the macroscopic kinetic and potential energies of the system.
alternative label: ThermodynamicEnergy
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InternalEnergy
ISO80000Reference: 5.20-2
elucidation: A state quantity equal to the difference between the total energy of a system and the sum of the macroscopic kinetic and potential energies of the system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03103

NewtonMetrePerMetrePerRadian
type: Class
comment: Newton metre per metre and radian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-M-RAD
unitSymbol: N⋅m/(m⋅rad)
elucidation: Newton metre per metre and radian.

KelvinPerMinute
type: Class
comment: `Kelvin per Minute` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / m. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-02
alternative label: Kelvin per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-MIN
ucumCode: K.min-1
unitSymbol: K/min
elucidation: `Kelvin per Minute` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / m. -- QUDT

RatioQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities defined as ratios `Q=A/B` having equal dimensions in numerator and denominator are dimensionless quantities but still have a physical dimension defined as dim(A)/dim(B). Johansson, Ingvar (2010). "Metrological thinking needs the notions of parametric quantities, units and dimensions". Metrologia. 47 (3): 219–230. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/47/3/012. ISSN 0026-1394.
comment: The class of quantities that are the ratio of two quantities with the same physical dimensionality.
example: refractive index, volume fraction, fine structure constant
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DimensionlessRatio
elucidation: The class of quantities that are the ratio of two quantities with the same physical dimensionality.

PoissonNumber
type: Class
comment: Ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.
alternative label: PoissonsRatio
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190453
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-18
elucidation: Ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.

AstatineAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for astatine.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 85
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 209.98715
elucidation: Atom subclass for astatine.

hasTemporalTile
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
comment: A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in temporal parts forming the tessellation.
alternative label: hasTemporalDirectPart
elucidation: A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in temporal parts forming the tessellation.

MolecularConcentration
type: Class
comment: Number of molecules of a substance in a mixture per volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolecularConcentration
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88865973
ISO80000Reference: 9-9.2
elucidation: Number of molecules of a substance in a mixture per volume.

CentrifugalCasting
type: Class

NewtonMetrePerRadian
type: Class
comment: Newton Meter per Radian is the SI unit for Torsion Constant -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton metre per radian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-RAD
unitSymbol: N⋅m/rad
elucidation: Newton Meter per Radian is the SI unit for Torsion Constant -- QUDT

Cementing
type: Class

PerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: "Per Square Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSquareMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M2
ucumCode: m-2
ucumCode: /m2
unitSymbol: /m²
elucidation: "Per Square Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m². -- QUDT

NitrogenSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the nitrogen atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: N
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the nitrogen atom.

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Equipment
etymology: From French équipement, from équiper ‘equip’.

TechnetiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the technetium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Tc
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the technetium atom.

Extrusion
type: Class

KelvinPerSecond
type: Class
comment: `Kelvin per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Kelvin per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-SEC
ucumCode: K/s
ucumCode: K.s-1
unitSymbol: K/s
elucidation: `Kelvin per Second` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as K / s. -- QUDT

Information
type: Class
comment: Information is encoded data with a meaning (semiotic sign).
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: Information is encoded data with a meaning (semiotic sign).

PhaseHomogeneousMixture
type: Class
comment: A single phase mixture.
elucidation: A single phase mixture.

ParticleCurrentDensity
type: Class
comment: Number of particles per time and area crossing a surface.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleCurrent
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2400689
ISO80000Reference: 10-48
elucidation: Number of particles per time and area crossing a surface.

NewtonMetreSecondPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Newton metre seconds measured per metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton metre seconds per metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-SEC-PER-M
unitSymbol: N⋅m⋅s/m
elucidation: Newton metre seconds measured per metre -- QUDT

LitrePerMicroMole
type: Class
comment: The inverse of a molar concentration - the untits of per molarity. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Litres per micromole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-MicroMOL
ucumCode: L.umol-1
unitSymbol: L/µmol
elucidation: The inverse of a molar concentration - the untits of per molarity. -- QUDT

ElectricChargePerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerMass'.

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-5:1989-11
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Screwing (screwing on, screwing in, screwing tight) is joining by pressing on by means of a self-locking thread (from: DIN 8593 Part 3/09.85).

hasSuccessor
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: A causal relation between the y effected and the x causing entities with intermediaries, where x isCauseOf y and not(y isCauseOf x).
alternative label: isAntecedentOf
example: My life between 18-24 years has successor my life between 32-40 years, since there is an intermediary (i.e. my life between 25-32 years).
elucidation: A causal relation between the y effected and the x causing entities with intermediaries, where x isCauseOf y and not(y isCauseOf x).

DebyeWallerFactor
type: Class
comment: Factor by which the intensity of a diffraction line is reduced because of the lattice vibrations.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Debye-WallerFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902587
ISO80000Reference: 12-8
elucidation: Factor by which the intensity of a diffraction line is reduced because of the lattice vibrations.

DragCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Dimensionless parameter to quantify fluid resistance.
alternative label: DragFactor
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DragCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778961
ISO80000Reference: 4-23.4
elucidation: Dimensionless parameter to quantify fluid resistance.

Document
type: Class
comment: An heterogenous object made of different graphical object parts.
elucidation: An heterogenous object made of different graphical object parts.

Duration
type: Class
comment: Physical quantity for describing the temporal distance between events.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2199864
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-9
elucidation: Physical quantity for describing the temporal distance between events.

RelativeVolumeStrain
type: Class
comment: Quotient of change of volume and original volume.
alternative label: BulkStrain
alternative label: VolumeStrain
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VolumeStrain
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73432507
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-17.4
elucidation: Quotient of change of volume and original volume.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06648

ChemicalPotential
type: Class
comment: Energy per unit change in amount of substance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ChemicalPotential
ISO80000Reference: 9-17
elucidation: Energy per unit change in amount of substance.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01032

VacuumElectricPermittivity
type: Class
comment: The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Vacuum_permittivity) is outdated since May 20, 2019. It is now a measured constant.
comment: The value of the absolute dielectric permittivity of classical vacuum.
alternative label: PermittivityOfVacuum
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/PermittivityOfVacuum
ISO80000Reference: 6-14.1
elucidation: The value of the absolute dielectric permittivity of classical vacuum.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04508

JoulePerSecond
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Joule Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-SEC
ucumCode: J.s-1
unitSymbol: J/s
elucidation: SI derived unit joule divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

overlaps
type: SymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between two individuals representing entities that share at least one of their parts.
elucidation: The relation between two individuals representing entities that share at least one of their parts.

MatrixData
type: Class
comment: The datatype for bidimensional arrays.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: The datatype for bidimensional arrays.

isAddedTo
type: ObjectProperty

LiquidLiquidSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of liquid in a liquid continuum phase.
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of liquid in a liquid continuum phase.

AmountFraction
type: Class
comment: The amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in a mixture.
alternative label: MoleFraction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MoleFraction
elucidation: The amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in a mixture.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00296

BohriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the bohrium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Bh
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the bohrium atom.

EnergyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Energy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Energy'.

wikipediaReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry.
range: anyURI
sub property of: seeAlso
elucidation: URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry.

Axiom
annotated target: The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is direct causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO, or in other words there is no spacetime without entities, since space and time are measured quantities following a causality relation between entities (spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions.
comment: While EMMO mereocausality conceptualisation can be used on any possibile domain, so that a quantum can be a Lego brick or an furniture component, it can be better understood when a quantum is elucidated as the smallest measured time interval of existence of an elementary particle (e.g. quark, photon).

SystemProgram
type: Class
comment: System program refers to operating systems and utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level enabling a computer to function.
example: An operating system. A graphic driver.
elucidation: System program refers to operating systems and utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level enabling a computer to function.

ForcePerLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ForcePerLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ForcePerLength'.

Equals
type: Class
comment: The equals symbol.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: =
elucidation: The equals symbol.

Axiom
annotated target: The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks (Wiktionary).

LengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Length'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Length'.

hasBehaviour
type: ObjectProperty

MagneticPolarisation
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity equal to the product of the magnetization M and the magnetic constant μ0.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticPolarization
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-29
elucidation: Vector quantity equal to the product of the magnetization M and the magnetic constant μ0.

OsmoticPressure
type: Class
comment: Measure of the tendency of a solution to take in pure solvent by osmosis.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/OsmoticPressure
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193135
ISO80000Reference: 9-28
elucidation: Measure of the tendency of a solution to take in pure solvent by osmosis.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04344

Axiom
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Technology is the application of knowledge for achieving practical goals in a reproducible way.

SodiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the sodium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Na
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the sodium atom.

HeliumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the helium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: He
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the helium atom.

hasStage
type: ObjectProperty

LarmonAngularFrequency
type: Class
comment: Angular frequency of the electron angular momentum vector precession about the axis of an external magnetic field.
ISO80000Reference: 10-15.1
elucidation: Angular frequency of the electron angular momentum vector precession about the axis of an external magnetic field.

Acceleration
type: Class
comment: Derivative of velocity with respect to time.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Acceleration
ISO80000Reference: 3-9.1
elucidation: Derivative of velocity with respect to time.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00051

ElectricChargeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCharge'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L0 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCharge'.

PhysicsBasedSimulation
type: Class
comment: A simulation that relies on physics based models, according to the Review of Materials Modelling and CWA 17284:2018.
is defined by: CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata”
elucidation: A simulation that relies on physics based models, according to the Review of Materials Modelling and CWA 17284:2018.

MoscoviumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for moscovium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 115
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 289.194
elucidation: Atom subclass for moscovium.

NewtonPerCoulomb
type: Class
comment: Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as newtons/coulomb. Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) has a dimension of MLT-3I-1 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit V/m. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton per Coulomb
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-C
ucumCode: N.C-1
unitSymbol: N/C
elucidation: Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as newtons/coulomb. Newton Per Coulomb ( N/C) has a dimension of MLT-3I-1 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit V/m. -- QUDT

JouleThomsonCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Change of thermodynamic temperature with respect to pressure in a Joule-Thomson process at constant enthalpy.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93946998
ISO80000Reference: 5-24
elucidation: Change of thermodynamic temperature with respect to pressure in a Joule-Thomson process at constant enthalpy.

InterferenceFitting
type: Class

GravityCasting
type: Class

NiobiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the niobium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Nb
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the niobium atom.

TimePerLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerLength'.

MigrationLength
type: Class
comment: Square root of the migration area, M^2.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MigrationLength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98998318
ISO80000Reference: 10-73.3
elucidation: Square root of the migration area, M^2.

qualified cardinality: 1

PerTeslaSecond
type: Class
comment: Per Tesla Second Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /s . T. -- QUDT
alternative label: Per Tesla and Second unit.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-T-SEC
ucumCode: T-1.s-1
unitSymbol: /T⋅s
elucidation: Per Tesla Second Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /s . T. -- QUDT

DegreeOfDissociation
type: Class
comment: Ratio of the number of dissociation events to the maximum number of theoretically possible dissociation events.
comment: Dissociation may occur stepwise.
alternative label: DissociationFraction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DegreeOfDissociation
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907334
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 9-43
elucidation: Ratio of the number of dissociation events to the maximum number of theoretically possible dissociation events.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01566

hasScalarData
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates an array to the scalar data of its basic elements.
elucidation: Relates an array to the scalar data of its basic elements.

Kelvin
type: Class
comment: The kelvin, symbol K, is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant k to be 1.380649×10−23 when expressed in the unit J K−1, which is equal to kg m2 s−2 K−1, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: K
uneceCommonCode: KEL
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K
ucumCode: K
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kelvin
definition: The kelvin, symbol K, is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant k to be 1.380649×10−23 when expressed in the unit J K−1, which is equal to kg m2 s−2 K−1, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03374

affects
type: ObjectProperty

Circle
type: Class
comment: Self-connected one-manyfold.
elucidation: Self-connected one-manyfold.

MassPerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerTime'.

Estimator
type: Class
comment: A characteriser that declares a property for an object without actually interact with it with the specific interaction required by the property definition (i.e. infer a property from other properties).
elucidation: A characteriser that declares a property for an object without actually interact with it with the specific interaction required by the property definition (i.e. infer a property from other properties).

BromineSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the bromine atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Br
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the bromine atom.

Degree
type: Class
comment: A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of plane angle, representing 1/360 of a full rotation; one degree is equivalent to 2π /360 rad, 0.017453 rad. It is not an SI unit, as the SI unit for angles is radian, but is an accepted SI unit. -- QUDT
comment: Degree is a measurement of plane angle, defined by representing a full rotation as 360 degrees.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.745329e-02
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: °
uneceCommonCode: DD
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG
ucumCode: deg
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Degree_(angle)
definition: Degree is a measurement of plane angle, defined by representing a full rotation as 360 degrees.
elucidation: A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of plane angle, representing 1/360 of a full rotation; one degree is equivalent to 2π /360 rad, 0.017453 rad. It is not an SI unit, as the SI unit for angles is radian, but is an accepted SI unit. -- QUDT
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01560

VolumePerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+3 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerMass'.

ElectricCurrentPerAmountVolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerAmountVolume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-3 M0 I+1 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerAmountVolume'.

CobaltAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for cobalt.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 58.933194
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 27
elucidation: Atom subclass for cobalt.

JoulePerKilogramKelvinPerPascal
type: Class
comment: Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and Pascal.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM-K-PA
ucumCode: J.kg-1.K-1.Pa-1
unitSymbol: J/(kg⋅K⋅Pa)
elucidation: Joule per kilogram and Kelvin and Pascal.

qualifiedOverlaps
type: ObjectProperty

CoherenceLength
type: Class
comment: Distance in a superconductor over which the effect of a perturbation is appreciable at zero thermodynamic temperature
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778793
ISO80000Reference: 12-38.2
elucidation: Distance in a superconductor over which the effect of a perturbation is appreciable at zero thermodynamic temperature

RadiantEnergy
type: Class
comment: Mean energy, excluding rest energy, of the particles that are emitted, transferred, or received.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259526
ISO80000Reference: 10-45
elucidation: Mean energy, excluding rest energy, of the particles that are emitted, transferred, or received.

ucumCode
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM).
comment: The Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM) is a code system intended to include all units of measures being contemporarily used in international science, engineering, and business. The purpose is to facilitate unambiguous electronic communication of quantities together with their units.
range: string
elucidation: Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM).

Dust
type: Class
comment: A suspension of fine particles in the atmosphere.
elucidation: A suspension of fine particles in the atmosphere.

PrincipalQuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Atomic quantum number related to the number n−1 of radial nodes of one-electron wave functions.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PrincipalQuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867448
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.2
elucidation: Atomic quantum number related to the number n−1 of radial nodes of one-electron wave functions.

AreaDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaDensity'.

Modeller
type: Class
comment: A estimator that uses modelling to declare a property of an object (i.e. infer a property from other properties).
elucidation: A estimator that uses modelling to declare a property of an object (i.e. infer a property from other properties).

ElementaryQuark
type: Class
comment: An elementary fermionic particle that is the fundamental constituent of matter.
elucidation: An elementary fermionic particle that is the fundamental constituent of matter.

hasCharacterised
type: ObjectProperty

RadonAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for radon.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 222.01758
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 86
elucidation: Atom subclass for radon.

Interaction
type: Class
comment: A causal interaction is a fundamental causal system that is expressed as a complete bupartite directed graph K(m,n), when m,n>1
conceptualisation: A causal interaction is a fundamental causal system that is expressed as a complete bupartite directed graph K(m,n), when m,n>1

CubicCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: The CGS unit of volume, equal to 10-6 cubic meter, 1 milliliter, or about 0.061 023 7 cubic inch -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: cubic centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3
ucumCode: cm3
unitSymbol: cm³
elucidation: The CGS unit of volume, equal to 10-6 cubic meter, 1 milliliter, or about 0.061 023 7 cubic inch -- QUDT

RybergConstant
type: Class
comment: The Rydberg constant represents the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (the inverse wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, or, alternatively, the wavenumber of the lowest-energy photon capable of ionizing the hydrogen atom from its ground state.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/RydbergConstant
elucidation: The Rydberg constant represents the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (the inverse wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, or, alternatively, the wavenumber of the lowest-energy photon capable of ionizing the hydrogen atom from its ground state.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05430

Plane
type: Class
comment: A 2-manifold with two unconnected boundaries.
elucidation: A 2-manifold with two unconnected boundaries.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN 13831:2007-12
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Forming of vessel parts from a flat mould into a three-dimensional shape by means of a press and tools, whereby material is neither removed nor added

Fusion
type: Class
comment: The union of the CausalCluster and CausalStructure classes.
comment: A fusion is any entity that is made up of two or more quantum entities, regardless of the fact that they are or not self-connected.
comment: The class of individuals representing mereological fusions consisting of two or more quantum entities.
equivalent class: Class
example: An atom, a group of persons, a fluid.
conceptualisation: A fusion is any entity that is made up of two or more quantum entities, regardless of the fact that they are or not self-connected.
definition: The union of the CausalCluster and CausalStructure classes.
elucidation: The class of individuals representing mereological fusions consisting of two or more quantum entities.

Matter
type: Class
comment: The interpretation of the term "matter" is not univocal. Several concepts are labelled with this term, depending on the field of science. The concept mass is sometimes related to the term "matter", even if the former refers to a physical quantity (precisely defined by modern physics) while the latter is a type that qualifies a physical entity. It is possible to identify more than one concept that can be reasonably labelled with the term "matter". For example, it is possible to label as matter only the entities that are made up of atoms. Or more generally, we can be more fine-grained and call "matter" the entities that are made up of protons, neutrons or electrons, so that we can call matter also a neutron radiation or a cathode ray. A more fundamental approach, that we embrace for the EMMO, considers matter as entities that are made of fermions (i.e. quarks and leptons) requiring their presence, without excluding particles like the W and Z bosons that possess some mass, but are not fermions. Antimatter is a subclass of matter.
comment: A matter entity requires the presence of fermions without excluding the presence of real or virtual fundamental bosons parts that are responsible for the interactions between the (real) fundamental fermions.
comment: The class of physical objects that have some fermionic quantum parts.
alternative label: PhysicalSubstance
conceptualisation: The interpretation of the term "matter" is not univocal. Several concepts are labelled with this term, depending on the field of science. The concept mass is sometimes related to the term "matter", even if the former refers to a physical quantity (precisely defined by modern physics) while the latter is a type that qualifies a physical entity. It is possible to identify more than one concept that can be reasonably labelled with the term "matter". For example, it is possible to label as matter only the entities that are made up of atoms. Or more generally, we can be more fine-grained and call "matter" the entities that are made up of protons, neutrons or electrons, so that we can call matter also a neutron radiation or a cathode ray. A more fundamental approach, that we embrace for the EMMO, considers matter as entities that are made of fermions (i.e. quarks and leptons) requiring their presence, without excluding particles like the W and Z bosons that possess some mass, but are not fermions. Antimatter is a subclass of matter.
elucidation: The class of physical objects that have some fermionic quantum parts.
comment: Matter includes ordinary- and anti-matter. It is possible to have entities that are made of particle and anti-particles (e.g. mesons made of a quark and an anti-quark pair) so that it is possible to have entities that are somewhat heterogeneous with regards to this distinction.

PerSecondSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: `Per Second Square Meter` is a measure of flux with dimensions /sec-m². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSecondSquareMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC-M2
ucumCode: s-1.m-2
ucumCode: /(s1.m2)
unitSymbol: /s⋅m²
elucidation: `Per Second Square Meter` is a measure of flux with dimensions /sec-m². -- QUDT

ElectricCurrentPhasor
type: Class
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCurrentPhasor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78514596
ISO80000Reference: 6-49

BraggAngle
type: Class
comment: Angle between the scattered ray and the lattice plane.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BraggAngle
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105488118
ISO80000Reference: 12-4
elucidation: Angle between the scattered ray and the lattice plane.

ResidualResistivity
type: Class
comment: For metals, the resistivity extrapolated to zero thermodynamic temperature.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ResidualResistivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098876
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-17
elucidation: For metals, the resistivity extrapolated to zero thermodynamic temperature.

Solution
type: Class
comment: Solutions are characterized by the occurrence of Rayleigh scattering on light,
comment: A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
elucidation: A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

CarbonAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for carbon.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 12.011
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 6
elucidation: Atom subclass for carbon.

Vector
type: Class
comment: 1-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are numbers.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: LinearArray
alternative label: 1DArray
elucidation: 1-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are numbers.

Product
type: Class
comment: The overall lifetime of an holistic that has been the output of an intentional process.
comment: This concepts encompass the overall lifetime of a product. Is temporaly fundamental, meaning that it can have other products as holistic spatial parts, but its holistic temporal parts are not products. In other words, the individual must encompass the whole lifetime from creation to disposal. A product can be a tangible object (e.g. a manufactured object), a process (e.g. service). It can be the outcome of a natural or an artificially driven process. It must have and initial stage of its life that is also an outcome of a intentional process.
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: Output
ISO9000Reference: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9000:ed-3:v1:en:term:3.4.2
ISO14040Reference: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14040:ed-2:v1:en:term:3.9
elucidation: The overall lifetime of an holistic that has been the output of an intentional process.

DifferentialOperator
type: Class

MassLengthPerCubicTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassLengthPerCubicTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassLengthPerCubicTime'.

PureNumberQuantity
type: Class
comment: According to the SI brochure counting does not automatically qualify a quantity as an amount of substance. This quantity is used only to describe the outcome of a counting process, without regard of the type of entities. There are also some quantities that cannot be described in terms of the seven base quantities of the SI, but have the nature of a count. Examples are a number of molecules, a number of cellular or biomolecular entities (for example copies of a particular nucleic acid sequence), or degeneracy in quantum mechanics. Counting quantities are also quantities with the associated unit one.
comment: A pure number, typically the number of something.
example: 1, i, π, the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
elucidation: A pure number, typically the number of something.

CASRN
type: Class
comment: Chemical Abstact Service registry number for a chemical substance from the American Chemical Society
example: Water is 7732-18-5
elucidation: Chemical Abstact Service registry number for a chemical substance from the American Chemical Society

hasHolisticTemporalPart
type: ObjectProperty

ThermomechanicalTreatment
type: Class

Deci
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1/10.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: d
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1/10.

Activity
type: Class
comment: Number dN of spontaneous nuclear transitions or nuclear disintegrations for a radionuclide of amount N produced during a short time interval dt, divided by this time interval.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Activity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317949
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-27
elucidation: Number dN of spontaneous nuclear transitions or nuclear disintegrations for a radionuclide of amount N produced during a short time interval dt, divided by this time interval.
iupacReference: https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/A00114

PhaseOfMatter
type: Class
comment: A matter object throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.
comment: In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition. A simple description is that a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is another separate phase. The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter. Also, the term phase is sometimes used to refer to a set of equilibrium states demarcated in terms of state variables such as pressure and temperature by a phase boundary on a phase diagram. Because phase boundaries relate to changes in the organization of matter, such as a change from liquid to solid or a more subtle change from one crystal structure to another, this latter usage is similar to the use of "phase" as a synonym for state of matter. However, the state of matter and phase diagram usages are not commensurate with the formal definition given above and the intended meaning must be determined in part from the context in which the term is used.
alternative label: Phase
elucidation: A matter object throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.

MolarEnergy
type: Class
comment: Energy per amount of substance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69427512
elucidation: Energy per amount of substance.

MicroSiemensPerMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: Microsiemens Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroS-PER-M
ucumCode: uS.m-1
unitSymbol: μS/m
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

hasCogniser
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation connecting an icon to a interpreter (cogniser) in a cognision process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation connecting an icon to a interpreter (cogniser) in a cognision process.

WorkPiece
type: Class
comment: It has a shape, so we conclude that it is solid
comment: A solid is defined as a portion of matter that is in a condensed state characterised by resistance to deformation and volume changes.
comment: They are not powders or threads
comment: Object that is processed with a machine
comment: powder is not workpiece because it has the shape of the recipient containing them
comment: it seems to be solid, so it has a proper shape
comment: In manufacturing, a workpiece is a single, delimited part of largely solid material that is processed in some form (e.g. stone ).
comment: A WorkPiece is physical artifact, that has a proper shape and occupyes a proper volume intended for subsequent transformation. It is a condensed state, so it is a compact body that is processed or has to be processed.
comment: The raw material or partially finished piece that is shaped by performing various operations.
comment: it seems to be an intermediate product, that has to reach the final shape.
comment: Seems to have to be processed through mechanical deformation. So it takes part of a manufacturing process. It is a Manufactured Product and it can be a Commercial Product
comment: fili e polveri non sono compresi
comment: a physical artifact, real or virtual, intended for subsequent transformation within some manufacturing operation
comment: In physics, a rigid body (also known as a rigid object[2]) is a solid body in which deformation is zero or so small it can be neglected. The distance between any two given points on a rigid body remains constant in time regardless of external forces or moments exerted on it. A rigid body is usually considered as a continuous distribution of mass.
alternative label: Werkstück
elucidation: A WorkPiece is physical artifact, that has a proper shape and occupyes a proper volume intended for subsequent transformation. It is a condensed state, so it is a compact body that is processed or has to be processed.

Pico
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-12.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-12
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: p
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-12.

AmpereHour
type: Class
comment: `Ampere hour` is a practical unit of electric charge equal to the charge flowing in one hour through a conductor passing one ampere. An ampere-hour or amp-hour (symbol Ah, AHr, A · h, A h) is a unit of electric charge, with sub-units milliampere-hour (mAh) and milliampere second (mAs). One ampere-hour is equal to 3600 coulombs (ampere-seconds), the electric charge transferred by a steady current of one ampere for one hour. The ampere-hour is frequently used in measurements of electrochemical systems such as electroplating and electrical batteries. The commonly seen milliampere-hour (mAh or mA · h) is one-thousandth of an ampere-hour (3.6 coulombs). -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Ampere Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-HR
ucumCode: A.h
unitSymbol: A⋅hr
elucidation: `Ampere hour` is a practical unit of electric charge equal to the charge flowing in one hour through a conductor passing one ampere. An ampere-hour or amp-hour (symbol Ah, AHr, A · h, A h) is a unit of electric charge, with sub-units milliampere-hour (mAh) and milliampere second (mAs). One ampere-hour is equal to 3600 coulombs (ampere-seconds), the electric charge transferred by a steady current of one ampere for one hour. The ampere-hour is frequently used in measurements of electrochemical systems such as electroplating and electrical batteries. The commonly seen milliampere-hour (mAh or mA · h) is one-thousandth of an ampere-hour (3.6 coulombs). -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere-hour

Giga
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e9.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: G
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e9.

Workflow
type: Class
comment: A procedure that has at least two procedures (tasks) as proper parts.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A procedure that has at least two procedures (tasks) as proper parts.

ElectromagneticQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-6.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-6.

qualified cardinality: 1

QualityFactor
type: Class
comment: Dimensionless quantity in electromagnetism.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/QualityFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79467569
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-53
elucidation: Dimensionless quantity in electromagnetism.

TemporalTile
type: Class
comment: A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in temporal parts.
elucidation: A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in temporal parts.

HydrogenSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the hydrogen atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: H
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the hydrogen atom.

qualified cardinality: 1

TotalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Quantum number in an atom describing the magnitude of total angular momentum J.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141095
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.6
elucidation: Quantum number in an atom describing the magnitude of total angular momentum J.

PerTimeMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTimeMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTimeMass'.

Electroplating
type: Class

MetreKilogram
type: Class
comment: Kilogram metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-KiloGM
ucumCode: m.kg
unitSymbol: m⋅kg
elucidation: Kilogram metre.

hasTemporalPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relation that identify a proper item part of the whole, whose parts always cover the full spatial extension of the whole within a time interval.
comment: A temporal part of an item cannot both cause and be caused by any other proper part of the item. A temporal part is not constraint to be causally self-connected, i.e. it can be either an item or a collection. We therefore introduce two subproperties in order to distinguish between both cases.
elucidation: A relation that identify a proper item part of the whole, whose parts always cover the full spatial extension of the whole within a time interval.
comment: In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive.

FrequencyPerAreaTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerAreaTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'FrequencyPerAreaTime'.

LatentHeatOfPhaseTransition
type: Class
comment: Energy to be added to or removed from a system under constant temperature and pressure to undergo a complete phase transition.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106553458
ISO80000Reference: 9-16
elucidation: Energy to be added to or removed from a system under constant temperature and pressure to undergo a complete phase transition.

SamariumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the samarium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Sm
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the samarium atom.

AmperePerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: `Ampere Per Square Meter` is a unit in the category of electric current density. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Ampere per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-M2
ucumCode: A.m-2
ucumCode: A/m2
unitSymbol: A/m²
elucidation: `Ampere Per Square Meter` is a unit in the category of electric current density. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT

ThermalDiffusionFactor
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the thermal diffusion ratio and the product of the local amount-of-substance fractions.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalDiffusionFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96249629
ISO80000Reference: 9-40.2
elucidation: Quotient of the thermal diffusion ratio and the product of the local amount-of-substance fractions.

ArchetypeJoin
type: Class
comment: Archetype join attaches two workpiece with geometrically defined shape together, using supplementary workpiece made of amorphous material (e.g. powder).
elucidation: Archetype join attaches two workpiece with geometrically defined shape together, using supplementary workpiece made of amorphous material (e.g. powder).

NumberOfElements
type: Class
comment: Using direct parthood EMMO creates a well-defined broadcasting between granularity levels. This also make it possible to count the direct parts of each granularity level.
comment: Number of direct parts of a Reductionistic.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: Number of direct parts of a Reductionistic.

Kilogram
type: Class
comment: The kilogram, symbol kg, is the SI unit of mass. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.62607015×10−34 when expressed in the unit J s, which is equal to kg m2 s−1, where the metre and the second are defined in terms of c and ∆νCs.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: kg
uneceCommonCode: KGM
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM
ucumCode: kg
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kilogram
definition: The kilogram, symbol kg, is the SI unit of mass. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.62607015×10−34 when expressed in the unit J s, which is equal to kg m2 s−1, where the metre and the second are defined in terms of c and ∆νCs.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03391

SquareMetrePerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Square metre per Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-K
ucumCode: m2.K-1
unitSymbol: m²/k
elucidation: Square metre per Kelvin.

StandardAbsoluteActivity
type: Class
comment: Property of a solute in a solution.
alternative label: StandardAbsoluteActivityInASolution
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89485936
ISO80000Reference: 9-26
elucidation: Property of a solute in a solution.

MathematicalFormula
type: Class
comment: The set X is called domain and the set Y range or codomain.
comment: A mathematical string that express a relation between the elements in one set X to elements in another set Y.
elucidation: A mathematical string that express a relation between the elements in one set X to elements in another set Y.

SIMultiplePrefix
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is a positive integer larger than 1.
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is a positive integer larger than 1.

PhysicalObject
type: Class
comment: The class of individuals standing for causally convex interacting systems.
comment: It is natural to define entities made or more than one smaller parts as object according to some unity criteria. One of the most general one applicable to causal interacting systems is to ask that all the quantum parts of the system are part of elementaries whose paths start and end within the entitiy. We call this causal convexity. In other words, causal convexity excludes all quantums that leave the system (no more interacting), or that are not yet part of it (not yet interacting). So, a photon leaving a body is not part of a convex system, while a real photon that is the carrier of clasical electromagnetic interaction between two molecular parts of the body, is part of the convex body. A physical phenomenon is defined as a causally non-convex interacting system, complement of causally convex interacting system.
conceptualisation: It is natural to define entities made or more than one smaller parts as object according to some unity criteria. One of the most general one applicable to causal interacting systems is to ask that all the quantum parts of the system are part of elementaries whose paths start and end within the entitiy. We call this causal convexity. In other words, causal convexity excludes all quantums that leave the system (no more interacting), or that are not yet part of it (not yet interacting). So, a photon leaving a body is not part of a convex system, while a real photon that is the carrier of clasical electromagnetic interaction between two molecular parts of the body, is part of the convex body. A physical phenomenon is defined as a causally non-convex interacting system, complement of causally convex interacting system.
elucidation: The class of individuals standing for causally convex interacting systems.

ParticlePositionVector
type: Class
comment: Position vector of a particle.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticlePositionVector
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105533324
ISO80000Reference: 12-7.1
elucidation: Position vector of a particle.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Collection
etymology: From Latin collectio, from colligere ‘gather together’.

ComputerSystem
type: Class
comment: Electronic device capable of processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.
alternative label: Computer
elucidation: Electronic device capable of processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

MetallicMaterial
type: Class

Coded
type: Class
comment: Let's define the class Colour as the subclass of the coded signs that involve photon emission and electromagnetic radiation sensible observers. An individual C of this class Colour can be defined be declaring the process individual (e.g. daylight illumination) and the observer (e.g. my eyes) Stating that an entity E hasCoded C, we mean that it can be observed by such setup of process + observer (i.e. observed by my eyes under daylight). This definition can be specialised for human eye perception, so that the observer can be a generic human, or to camera perception so that the observer can be a device. This can be used in material characterization, to define exactly the type of measurement done, including the instrument type.
comment: A conventional that stands for an object according to a code of interpretation to which the interpreter refers.
comment: A conventional referring to an object according to a specific code that reflects the results of a specific interaction mechanism and is shared between other interpreters. A coded is always a partial representation of an object since it reflects the object capability to be part of a specific determination. A coded is a sort of name or label that we put upon objects that interact with an determiner in the same specific way. For example, "hot" objects are objects that interact with an observer through a perception mechanism aimed to perceive an heat source. The code is made of terms such as "hot", "warm", "cold", that commonly refer to the perception of heat.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
example: The name "red" that stands for the color of an object.
example: A biography that makes use of a code that is provided by the meaning of the element of the language used by the author.
elucidation: A conventional that stands for an object according to a code of interpretation to which the interpreter refers.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Device
etymology: From Old French "deviser", meaning: arrange, plan, contrive. Literally "dispose in portions," from Vulgar Latin "divisare", frequentative of Latin dividere, meaning "to divide".

Ohm
type: Class
comment: The SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm.
comment: Ω = V/A = H/s
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ω
uneceCommonCode: OHM
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/OHM
ucumCode: Ohm
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ohm
elucidation: The SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohm
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04280

PhosphorusAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for phosphorus.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 15
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 30.973761998
elucidation: Atom subclass for phosphorus.

holisticOverlaps
type: ObjectProperty
comment: This relation is about two wholes that overlap, and whose intersection is an holistic part of both.
comment: A relation between two holistic wholes that properly overlap, sharing one of their holistic parts.
example: A man and the process of building a house. The man is a whole that possesses an holistic temporal part which is an interval of six monts and represents a working period in his lifetime. The process of building a house is a whole that possesses an holistic spatial part which is a builder. The working period of the man and the builder participating the building process are the same individual, belonging both to a man lifetime and to a building holistic views. In this sense, the man and the building process overcrosses. and the overlapping individual is represented differently in both holistic views.
elucidation: A relation between two holistic wholes that properly overlap, sharing one of their holistic parts.

SIAcceptedPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Non-SI prefixed units that have been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system.
elucidation: Non-SI prefixed units that have been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system.

LiquidAerosol
type: Class
comment: An aerosol composed of liquid droplets in air or another gas.
elucidation: An aerosol composed of liquid droplets in air or another gas.

KelvinPerMetre
type: Class
comment: A change of temperature on the Kelvin temperature scale in one SI unit of length. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: KelvinPerMeter
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-M
ucumCode: K.m-1
unitSymbol: K/m
elucidation: A change of temperature on the Kelvin temperature scale in one SI unit of length. -- QUDT

hasProperPart
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
comment: The proper part relation has the following pair-covering sub-relations: - hasMembers xor hasPiece - hasPortionPart xor hasGatheredPart . hasItemPart xor hasScatteredPart
comment: The relation between an entity and one of its parts, when both entities are distinct.
elucidation: The relation between an entity and one of its parts, when both entities are distinct.

VoltPerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Volt per Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-K
ucumCode: V.K-1
unitSymbol: V/K
elucidation: Volt per Kelvin.

GoldSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the gold atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Au
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the gold atom.

MicroNewton
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroN
ucumCode: uN
unitSymbol: μN
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit newton -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Data
etymology: From Latin data, nominative plural of datum (“that is given”), neuter past participle of dō (“I give”).

CommandLanguage
type: Class
comment: An interpreted computer language for job control in computing.
example: Unix shell. Batch programming languages.
elucidation: An interpreted computer language for job control in computing.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_language

AtomisticModel
type: Class
comment: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of atoms.
elucidation: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of atoms.

RapidPrototyping
type: Class
comment: Application of additive manufacturing intended for reducing the time needed for producing prototypes.
elucidation: Application of additive manufacturing intended for reducing the time needed for producing prototypes.

hasNumberValue
type: FunctionalProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO numerical data entity.

PathLength
type: Class
comment: Length of a rectifiable curve between two of its points.
alternative label: ArcLength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144654
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Arc_length
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.7
elucidation: Length of a rectifiable curve between two of its points.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc_length

UnitSymbol
type: Class
comment: A symbol that stands for a single unit.
equivalent class: Class
example: Some examples are "Pa", "m" and "J".
elucidation: A symbol that stands for a single unit.

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 8887-1:2017 manufacturing: production of components

CrystallineMaterial
type: Class
comment: Suggestion of Rickard Armiento

TinSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the tin atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Sn
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the tin atom.

CoperniciumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for copernicium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 285.177
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 112
elucidation: Atom subclass for copernicium.

CoulombPerMetre
type: Class
comment: "Coulomb per Meter" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Line Density' expressed as C/m. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Coulomb per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-M
ucumCode: C/m
ucumCode: C.m-1
unitSymbol: C/m
elucidation: "Coulomb per Meter" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Line Density' expressed as C/m. -- QUDT

InversePermittivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'InversePermittivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-4 L+3 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'InversePermittivity'.

DiffusionCoefficientForFluenceRate
type: Class
comment: Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle fluence rate.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DiffusionCoefficientForFluenceRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98876254
ISO80000Reference: 10-65
elucidation: Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle fluence rate.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN ISO 4885:2018-07
annotated target: Treatment carried out after hardening or case hardening consisting of cooling to a temperature below room temperature to complete the transformation of austenite to martensite

NewtonianConstantOfGravity
type: Class
comment: Physical constant in Newton's law of gravitation and in Einstein's general theory of relativity.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/NewtonianConstantOfGravitation
elucidation: Physical constant in Newton's law of gravitation and in Einstein's general theory of relativity.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02695

SolidAngle
type: Class
comment: Ratio of area on a sphere to its radius squared.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SolidAngle
ISO80000Reference: 3-6
elucidation: Ratio of area on a sphere to its radius squared.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05732

WattPerMetreKelvin
type: Class
comment: Watt per metre and Kelvin unit.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M-K
ucumCode: W.m-1.K-1
unitSymbol: W/(m⋅K)
elucidation: Watt per metre and Kelvin unit.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductivity

mereological
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The superclass of all mereological EMMO relations.
comment: The EMMO adheres to Atomistic General Extensional Mereology (AGEM).
elucidation: The superclass of all mereological EMMO relations.

RadiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the radium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ra
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the radium atom.

BoronSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the boron atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: B
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the boron atom.

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Part
etymology: From Latin partire, partiri ‘divide, share’.

ElementalMaterial
type: Class

InternalStep
type: Class
comment: A generic step in a workflow, that is not the begin or the end.
elucidation: A generic step in a workflow, that is not the begin or the end.

DecimalData
type: Class
comment: A data representing an arbritrary precision decimal number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: decimal
elucidation: A data representing an arbritrary precision decimal number.

Manufacturer
type: Class
comment: A strict fundamental object overcrossing a manufacturing process, the intersection being the agent that participates and drives the manufacturing process.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A strict fundamental object overcrossing a manufacturing process, the intersection being the agent that participates and drives the manufacturing process.

Axiom
annotated property: subClassOf
annotated target: Restriction
comment: Every collection has at least two item members, since a collection of one item is a self-connected entity (and then an item).

CentiPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "centi" (0.01).
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-02
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "centi" (0.01).

MeitneriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for meitnerium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 109
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 278.156
elucidation: Atom subclass for meitnerium.

PowerDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerDensity'.

ElectricConductance
type: Class
comment: Measure of the ease for electric current to pass through a material.
comment: Inverse of 'ElectricalResistance'.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Conductance
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Conductance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309017
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-47
elucidation: Measure of the ease for electric current to pass through a material.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01925

MachineCell
type: Class
comment: Is not simply a collection of machineries, since the connection between them is due to the parallel flow of processed parts that comes from a unique source and ends into a common repository.
comment: A group of machineries used to process a group of similar parts.
elucidation: A group of machineries used to process a group of similar parts.

Presses
type: Class

CubicDeciMetrePerMole
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
alternative label: Cubic Decimetre Per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-MOL
ucumCode: dm3/mol
ucumCode: dm3.mol-1
unitSymbol: dm³/mol
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT

IndiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for indium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 114.818
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 49
elucidation: Atom subclass for indium.

AssemblyLine
type: Class
comment: Is not collection, since the connection between the elements of an assembly line occurs through the flow of objects that are processed.
comment: A manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create an end product.
elucidation: A manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create an end product.

Arrangement
type: Class
comment: A causal object which is tessellated with only spatial direct parts.
comment: The definition of an arrangement implies that its spatial direct parts are not gained or lost during its temporal extension (they exist from the left to the right side of the time interval), so that the cardinality of spatial direct parts in an arrangement is constant. This does not mean that there cannot be a change in the internal structure of the arrangement direct parts. It means only that this change must not affect the existence of the direct part itself.
comment: The use of spatial direct parthood in state definition means that an arrangement cannot overlap in space another arrangement that is direct part of the same whole.
alternative label: MereologicalState
example: e.g. the existent in my glass is declared at t = t_start as made of two direct parts: the ice and the water. It will continue to exists as state as long as the ice is completely melt at t = t_end. The new state will be completely made of water. Between t_start and t_end there is an exchange of molecules between the ice and the water, but this does not affect the existence of the two states. If we partition the existent in my glass as ice surrounded by several molecules (we do not use the object water as direct part) then the appearance of a molecule coming from the ice will cause a state to end and another state to begin.
elucidation: A causal object which is tessellated with only spatial direct parts.

ModellingLanguage
type: Class
comment: An artificial computer language used to express information or knowledge, often for use in computer system design.
example: Architecture description language – used as a language (or a conceptual model) to describe and represent system architectures.
example: Hardware description language – used to model integrated circuits. Architecture description language – used as a language (or a conceptual model) to describe and represent system architectures. Algebraic Modeling Language which is a high-level programming languages for describing and solving high complexity problems like large-scale optimisation.
elucidation: An artificial computer language used to express information or knowledge, often for use in computer system design.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modeling_language

PalladiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the palladium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pd
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the palladium atom.

NewtonMetrePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: product of the derived SI unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Metre Per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: N.m.kg-1
unitSymbol: N⋅m/kg
elucidation: product of the derived SI unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT

CompositeFermion
type: Class
comment: A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental fermionic type (half-integer spin).
equivalent class: Class
example: Examples of composite particles with half-integer spin: spin 1/2: He3 in ground state, proton, neutron spin 3/2: He5 in ground state, Delta baryons (excitations of the proton and neutron)
elucidation: A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental fermionic type (half-integer spin).

GramPerHour
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-07
alternative label: Gram Per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-HR
ucumCode: g.h-1
unitSymbol: g/hr
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit hour -- QUDT

NeonAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for neon.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 20.1797
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 10
elucidation: Atom subclass for neon.

Axiom
annotated target: RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y))
comment: φ is a class of the theory
comment: We usa a predicate template notation as RP<φ>(x,y) to specify subclasses of RP(x,y) for the class φ, meaning that RP<φ>(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ φ(x) ∧ φ(y)

ReciprocalLitre
type: Class
comment: reciprocal value of the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Reciprocal Litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-L
ucumCode: L-1
unitSymbol: /L
elucidation: reciprocal value of the unit litre -- QUDT

MeasuringSystem
type: Class
comment: A set of one or more 'MeasuringInstruments' and often other devices, including any reagent and supply, assembled and adapted to give information used to generate 'MeasuredQuantityProperty' within specified intervals for quantities of specified kinds. -- VIM
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A set of one or more 'MeasuringInstruments' and often other devices, including any reagent and supply, assembled and adapted to give information used to generate 'MeasuredQuantityProperty' within specified intervals for quantities of specified kinds. -- VIM
VIMTerm: measuring system

MoleKelvin
type: Class
comment: Mole Kelvin is a unit for `Temperature Amount Of Substance` expressed as mol-K. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Mole Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-K
ucumCode: mol.K
unitSymbol: mol⋅K
elucidation: Mole Kelvin is a unit for `Temperature Amount Of Substance` expressed as mol-K. -- QUDT

ReciprocalMicroMolePerLitre
type: Class
comment: Units used to describe the sensitivity of detection of a spectrophotometer. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
alternative label: Reciprocal micromole per litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MicroMOL-L
ucumCode: umol-1.L-1
unitSymbol: /(mmol⋅L)
elucidation: Units used to describe the sensitivity of detection of a spectrophotometer. -- QUDT

MathematicalConstruct
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class

RelativeLinearStrain
type: Class
comment: Relative change of length with respect the original length.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearStrain
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990546
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-17.2
elucidation: Relative change of length with respect the original length.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03560

Milling
type: Class
comment: Machining with a circular cutting movement, usually associated with a multi-toothed tool, and with a feed movement perpendicular or oblique to the axis of rotation of the tool, to produce any workpiece surface.
alternative label: Fräsen

IndiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the indium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: In
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the indium atom.

HolisticSystem
type: Class
comment: An object that is made of a set of sub objects working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network (natural or artificial); a complex whole.
comment: A system is conceived as an aggregate of things that 'work' (or interact) together. While a system extends in time through distinct temporal parts (like every other 4D object), this elucdation focuses on a timescale in which the obejct shows a persistence in time.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: An object that is made of a set of sub objects working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network (natural or artificial); a complex whole.

Axiom
annotated target: The subject of condensed matter physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the subject deals with "condensed" phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions between them.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensed_matter_physics

LongData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 64-bit integer number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: long
elucidation: A data representing 64-bit integer number.

NanoPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "nano" (1e-9).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-09
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "nano" (1e-9).

Axiom
annotated property: comment
annotated target: In manufacturing, a workpiece is a single, delimited part of largely solid material that is processed in some form (e.g. stone ).

HassiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the hassium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Hs
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the hassium atom.

ElectricCurrentPerUnitEnergyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerUnitEnergy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-2 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerUnitEnergy'.

SquareCentiMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: Square centimetre per second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2-PER-SEC
ucumCode: cm2.s-1
unitSymbol: cm²/s
elucidation: Square centimetre per second.

ProcessEngineeringProcess
type: Class
comment: Deals with entities that have a undefined shape. Undefined means that the actual shape of the entity that is produced is not relevant for the definition of the process. In fact, everything has a shape, but in process engineering this is not relevant. e.g. the fact that steel comes in sheets is not relevant for the definition of steel material generated in a steel-making process.
wikipediaReference: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verfahrenstechnik

MolarEntropy
type: Class
comment: Entropy per amount of substance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarEntropy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68972876
ISO80000Reference: 9-8
elucidation: Entropy per amount of substance.

MicroGramPerLitre
type: Class
comment: 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: Microgram Per Litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroGM-PER-L
ucumCode: ug.L-1
ucumCode: ug/L
unitSymbol: μg/L
elucidation: 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit litre -- QUDT

DewPointTemperature
type: Class
comment: Thermodynamic temperature at which vapour in air reaches saturation.
comment: The corresponding Celsius temperature is denoted td and is also called dew point.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178828
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-36
elucidation: Thermodynamic temperature at which vapour in air reaches saturation.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01652

PolymericMaterial
type: Class

IonActivity
type: Class
comment: ratio of the product of ion molality b and a correction factor γ to the molality b° of the same ion in a standard solution under standardized conditions: a = bγ / b°.
comment: The correction factor is called activity coefficient and it is determined experimentally. See ActivityCoefficient
comment: Normally a standard solution is a solution of the ion at a molality of 1 mol/kg (exactly). Standardized conditions are normally 1013,25 hPa and 25 °C.
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
elucidation: ratio of the product of ion molality b and a correction factor γ to the molality b° of the same ion in a standard solution under standardized conditions: a = bγ / b°.

Minus
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: -

MegaAmperePerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: 1 000 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
alternative label: Megaampere Per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaA-PER-M2
ucumCode: MA.m-2
unitSymbol: MA/m²
elucidation: 1 000 000-fold of the SI base unit ampere divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

MaterialSynthesis
type: Class
comment: Deals with undefined shapes both input and output.
comment: The creation of a material entity starting from fundamental substances, involving chemical phenomena (e.g. reaction, bonding).
elucidation: The creation of a material entity starting from fundamental substances, involving chemical phenomena (e.g. reaction, bonding).

DegreeCelsiusKilogramPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Derived unit for the product of the temperature in degrees Celsius and the mass density of a medium, integrated over vertical depth or height in metres. -- QUDT
alternative label: Degrees Celsius kilogram per square metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-KiloGM-PER-M2
ucumCode: Cel.kg.m-2
unitSymbol: °C⋅kg/m²
elucidation: Derived unit for the product of the temperature in degrees Celsius and the mass density of a medium, integrated over vertical depth or height in metres. -- QUDT

WattHourPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: The watt hour per cubic meter is a unit of energy density, equal to 3,600 joule per cubic meter. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
alternative label: Watthour per Cubic metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-HR-PER-M3
ucumCode: W.h.m-3
unitSymbol: W⋅hr/m³
elucidation: The watt hour per cubic meter is a unit of energy density, equal to 3,600 joule per cubic meter. -- QUDT

SourceCode
type: Class
comment: A source code is the companion of an application, being it the entity used to generate the application list of CPU executable instructions.
comment: A programming language entity expressing a formal detailed plan of what a software is intended to do.
elucidation: A programming language entity expressing a formal detailed plan of what a software is intended to do.
comment: Source code (also referred to as source or code) is the version of software as it is originally written (i.e., typed into a computer) by a human in plain text (i.e., human readable alphanumeric characters).

PlutoniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the plutonium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pu
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the plutonium atom.

SIDimensionalUnit
type: Class
comment: In SI are the physical dimensions of the base quantities time (T), length (L), mass (M), electric current (I), thermodynamic temperature (Θ), amount of substance (N) and luminous intensity (J). In general the dimension of any quantity Q is written in the form of a dimensional product, dim Q = T^α L^β M^γ I^δ Θ^ε N^ζ J^η where the exponents α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ and η, which are generally small integers, which can be positive, negative, or zero, are called the dimensional exponents. -- SI brouchure The SI dimensional units are equivalent to dimensional strings that uniquely defines their dimensionality by specifying the values of the coefficients α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ and η. A dimensional string is a space-separated string of the physical dimension symbols followed by the value of the exponent (including it sign). They should always match the following regular expression: ^T([+-][1-9]|0) L([+-][1-9]|0) M([+-][1-9]|0) I([+-][1-9]|0) Θ([+-][1-9]|0) N([+-][1-9]|0) J([+-][1-9]|0)$ Examples of correspondance between dimensional units and their dimensional units are: - AmountOfSubstanceUnit <=> "T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0" - TimeUnit <=> "T+1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0" - ElectricCurrentDensityUnit <=> "T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0"
comment: Dimensional unit with its physical dimensionality described accortind to the International System of Units (SI).
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SIDimensional'.
elucidation: Dimensional unit with its physical dimensionality described accortind to the International System of Units (SI).

ParticleFluence
type: Class
comment: Differential quotient of N with respect to a, where N is the number of particles incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area a.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleFluence
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82965908
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-43
elucidation: Differential quotient of N with respect to a, where N is the number of particles incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area a.

NickelSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the nickel atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ni
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the nickel atom.

NeptuniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the neptunium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Np
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the neptunium atom.

WattPerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Watt Per Kelvin (W/K) is a unit in the category of Thermal conductivity. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Watt per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-K
ucumCode: W.K-1
unitSymbol: w/K
elucidation: Watt Per Kelvin (W/K) is a unit in the category of Thermal conductivity. -- QUDT

ManufacturingDevice
type: Class
comment: A device that is designed to participate to a manufacturing process.
elucidation: A device that is designed to participate to a manufacturing process.

DysprosiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the dysprosium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Dy
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the dysprosium atom.

BismuthSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the bismuth atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Bi
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the bismuth atom.

InorganicCompound
type: Class

Day
type: Class
comment: Mean solar day -- QUDT
comment: A measure of time defined as 86 400 seconds.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: d
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 8.64e+04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
uneceCommonCode: DAY
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DAY
ucumCode: d
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Day
definition: A measure of time defined as 86 400 seconds.
elucidation: Mean solar day -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01527

VolumePerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmount'.

Anne de Baas
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://materialsmodelling.com

SquareCoulombSquareMetrePerJoule
type: Class
comment: "Square Coulomb Square Meter per Joule" is a unit for 'Polarizability' expressed as C² m² J⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Coulomb Square Metre per Joule
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C2-M2-PER-J
ucumCode: C2.m2.J-1
ucumCode: C2.m2/J
unitSymbol: C²⋅m²/J
elucidation: "Square Coulomb Square Meter per Joule" is a unit for 'Polarizability' expressed as C² m² J⁻¹. -- QUDT

PascalMetrePerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: Pascal metre per square second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: Pa.m.s-2
unitSymbol: Pa⋅m/s²
elucidation: Pascal metre per square second.

Kilo
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1000.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: k
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1000.

SimulationLanguage
type: Class
comment: A computer language used to describe simulations.
elucidation: A computer language used to describe simulations.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_language

Sphere
type: Class
comment: A standard 2-manifold with no unconnected boundaries.
elucidation: A standard 2-manifold with no unconnected boundaries.

AbsorbedDoseRate
type: Class
comment: Differential quotient of the absorbed dose with respect to time.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsorbedDoseRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69428958
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-84
elucidation: Differential quotient of the absorbed dose with respect to time.

CubicCoulombMetrePerSquareJoule
type: Class
comment: "Cubic Coulomb Meter per Square Joule" is a unit for 'Cubic Electric Dipole Moment Per Square Energy' expressed as C³ m³ J⁻². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Cubic Coulomb Metre per Square Joule
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C3-M-PER-J2
ucumCode: C3.m/J2
ucumCode: C3.m.J-2
unitSymbol: C³⋅m/J²
elucidation: "Cubic Coulomb Meter per Square Joule" is a unit for 'Cubic Electric Dipole Moment Per Square Energy' expressed as C³ m³ J⁻². -- QUDT

DoseEquivalentRate
type: Class
comment: Time derivative of the dose equivalent.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99604810
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-83.2
elucidation: Time derivative of the dose equivalent.

SquareKilogramPerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: Square kilogram per square second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloGM2-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: kg2.s-2
unitSymbol: kg²/s²
elucidation: Square kilogram per square second.

Pressure
type: Class
comment: The force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Pressure
ISO80000Reference: 4-14.1
elucidation: The force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04819

universe
type: NamedIndividual
comment: The universe is considered as a causally self-connected object, encompassing all other objects. For this reason is unique.
conceptualisation: The universe is considered as a causally self-connected object, encompassing all other objects. For this reason is unique.

VoltPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Volt Per Meter (V/m) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as volts per meter, volt/meter, volt/metre, volt per metre, volts per metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Volt Per Meter (V/m) has a dimension of MLT⁻³I⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Volt per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-M
ucumCode: V.m-1
unitSymbol: V/m
elucidation: Volt Per Meter (V/m) is a unit in the category of Electric field strength. It is also known as volts per meter, volt/meter, volt/metre, volt per metre, volts per metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Volt Per Meter (V/m) has a dimension of MLT⁻³I⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

MassFluxUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassFlux'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassFlux'.

MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerSteradian
type: Class
comment: Moles per square metre per second per steradian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC-SR
ucumCode: mol.m-2.s-1.sr-1
unitSymbol: mol/(m²⋅s⋅sr)
elucidation: Moles per square metre per second per steradian.

WattPerSquareMetreQuarticKelvin
type: Class
comment: Watt Per Square Meter Per Quartic Kelvin (W/m2·K4) is a unit in the category of light. -- QUDT
alternative label: Watt per Square Metre Quartic Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-K4
ucumCode: W.m-2.K-4
unitSymbol: W/(m²⋅K⁴)
elucidation: Watt Per Square Meter Per Quartic Kelvin (W/m2·K4) is a unit in the category of light. -- QUDT

SpatioTemporalTessellation
type: Class
comment: A tessellation in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: WellFormedTessellation
elucidation: A tessellation in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts.

LiquidSolution
type: Class
comment: A liquid solution made of two or more component substances.
elucidation: A liquid solution made of two or more component substances.

UnsignedIntData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 32-bit non-negative integer number, 0...4294967295.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: unsignedInt
elucidation: A data representing 32-bit non-negative integer number, 0...4294967295.

DigitalData
type: Class
comment: Discrete data that are decoded as a sequence of 1/0, or true/false, or on/off.
alternative label: BinaryData
elucidation: Discrete data that are decoded as a sequence of 1/0, or true/false, or on/off.

FunctionalIcon
type: Class
comment: This subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else.
comment: An icon that imitates one representative character of the object. It share external similarities with the object, but not necessarily the same internal logical structure.
comment: An icon that focusing WHAT the object does.
example: A data based model is only a functional icon, since it provide the same relations between the properties of the object (e.g., it can predict some properties as function of others) but is not considering the internal mechanisms (i.e., it can ignore the physics).
example: A guinea pig.
elucidation: An icon that imitates one representative character of the object. It share external similarities with the object, but not necessarily the same internal logical structure.

LiquidSolidSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of solids in a liquid continuum phase.
example: Mud
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of solids in a liquid continuum phase.

StaticFrictionForce
type: Class
comment: Fhe force of friction on an object that is not moving.
alternative label: StaticFriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StaticFriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90862568
ISO80000Reference: 4-9.3
elucidation: Fhe force of friction on an object that is not moving.

NewtonSecondPerRadian
type: Class
comment: Newton seconds measured per radian -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton seconds per radian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC-PER-RAD
unitSymbol: N⋅s/rad
elucidation: Newton seconds measured per radian -- QUDT

IterativeWorkflow
type: Class
comment: A workflow whose steps (iterative steps) are the repetition of the same workflow type.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A workflow whose steps (iterative steps) are the repetition of the same workflow type.

KineticFrictionForce
type: Class
comment: Force opposing the motion of a body sliding on a surface.
alternative label: DynamicFrictionForce
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91005629
ISO80000Reference: 4-9.4
elucidation: Force opposing the motion of a body sliding on a surface.

Axiom
annotated property: comment
annotated target: The raw material or partially finished piece that is shaped by performing various operations.

File
type: Class
comment: In computing, a computer file is a resource for recording data on a computer storage device, primarily identified by its file path.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: In computing, a computer file is a resource for recording data on a computer storage device, primarily identified by its file path.

PascalPerHour
type: Class
comment: A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one hour. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-04
alternative label: Pascal per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-HR
ucumCode: Pa.h-1
unitSymbol: P/hr
elucidation: A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one hour. -- QUDT

ReciprocalSquareGigaElectronVolt
type: Class
comment: Per Square Giga Electron Volt Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /GeV². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.895644e+19
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Reciprocal Square Giga Electron Volt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-GigaEV2
ucumCode: GeV-2
unitSymbol: /GeV²
elucidation: Per Square Giga Electron Volt Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /GeV². -- QUDT

SpaceAndTimeQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-3.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-3.

Ronto
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-27.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-27
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: r
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-27.

MicroCoulombPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: Microcoulomb Per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroC-PER-M2
ucumCode: uC.m-2
unitSymbol: μC/m²
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit coulomb divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

ProtactiniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for protactinium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 231.03588
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 91
elucidation: Atom subclass for protactinium.

Torus
type: Class
comment: The simplest 2-manifold with genus 1.
elucidation: The simplest 2-manifold with genus 1.

Casting
type: Class

MolePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: Mole Per Kilogram (mol/kg) is a unit of Molality -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Mole per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: mol.kg-1
ucumCode: mol/kg
unitSymbol: mol/kg
elucidation: Mole Per Kilogram (mol/kg) is a unit of Molality -- QUDT

DerivedQuantity
type: Class
comment: "Quantity, in a system of quantities, defined in terms of the base quantities of that system".
elucidation: "Quantity, in a system of quantities, defined in terms of the base quantities of that system".
VIMTerm: derived quantity

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Manufacturing
etymology: From Latin manu factum ("made by hand").

VoltAmpere
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Volt Ampere
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-A
ucumCode: V.A
unitSymbol: V⋅A
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT

EMMORelation
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The class for all relations used by the EMMO.
sub property of: topObjectProperty
elucidation: The class for all relations used by the EMMO.

DimensionlessUnit
type: Class
comment: The subclass of measurement units with no physical dimension.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
example: Refractive index Plane angle Number of apples
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS
elucidation: The subclass of measurement units with no physical dimension.

ReactionEnergy
type: Class
comment: In a nuclear reaction, sum of the kinetic energies and photon energies of the reaction products minus the sum of the kinetic and photon energies of the reactants.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ReactionEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98164745
ISO80000Reference: 10-37.1
elucidation: In a nuclear reaction, sum of the kinetic energies and photon energies of the reaction products minus the sum of the kinetic and photon energies of the reactants.

Axiom
annotated target: A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessellation

CurieTemperature
type: Class
comment: Critical thermodynamic temperature of a ferromagnet.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CurieTemperature
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191073
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-35.1
elucidation: Critical thermodynamic temperature of a ferromagnet.

Yotta
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e24.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+24
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Y
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e24.

DippingForms
type: Class

SulfurSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the sulfur atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: S
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the sulfur atom.

Boson
type: Class
comment: A physical particle with integer spin that follows Bose–Einstein statistics.
elucidation: A physical particle with integer spin that follows Bose–Einstein statistics.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson

qualified cardinality: 1

LengthTimeTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L+1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeTemperature'.

LitrePerSecondPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Ventilation rate in Litres per second divided by the floor area -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Litre Per Second Per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-SEC-M2
unitSymbol: L/(m²⋅s)
elucidation: Ventilation rate in Litres per second divided by the floor area -- QUDT

Concentration
type: Class
comment: the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Concentration
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3686031
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Concentration
elucidation: the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration
iupacReference: https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/C01222

MomentumUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Momentum'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Momentum'.

WattMetrePerSquareMetreSteradian
type: Class
comment: The power per unit area of radiation of a given wavenumber illuminating a target at a given incident angle. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Watts metre per square metre steradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-M-PER-M2-SR
ucumCode: W.m-2.m.sr-1
unitSymbol: W⋅m/m²⋅sr
elucidation: The power per unit area of radiation of a given wavenumber illuminating a target at a given incident angle. -- QUDT

ReciprocalMinute
type: Class
comment: A reciprocal unit of time for `reciprocal minute` or `inverse minute`. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 6e+01
alternative label: Reciprocal Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MIN
ucumCode: min-1
ucumCode: /min
unitSymbol: /min
elucidation: A reciprocal unit of time for `reciprocal minute` or `inverse minute`. -- QUDT

BondedParticle
type: Class
comment: A composite particle is a bonded particle for which it is possible to clearly define its bosonic or fermionic behaviour. The term particle is then reserved for entities whose fermionic or bosonic nature is clearly defined.
conceptualisation: A composite particle is a bonded particle for which it is possible to clearly define its bosonic or fermionic behaviour. The term particle is then reserved for entities whose fermionic or bosonic nature is clearly defined.

ComplexPower
type: Class
comment: Voltage phasor multiplied by complex conjugate of the current phasor.
alternative label: ComplexApparentPower
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ComplexPower
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65239736
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-59
elucidation: Voltage phasor multiplied by complex conjugate of the current phasor.

Displacement
type: Class
comment: vector quantity between any two points in space
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Displacement
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190291
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Displacement_(geometry)
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.11
elucidation: vector quantity between any two points in space
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Displacement_(geometry)

Nucleon
type: Class
comment: Either a proton or a neutron.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: Either a proton or a neutron.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleon

MolecularPartitionFunction
type: Class
comment: Partition function of a molecule.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96192064
ISO80000Reference: 9-35.4
elucidation: Partition function of a molecule.

MagneticDipoleMomentUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticDipoleMoment'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+3 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticDipoleMoment'.

hasOutcome
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between a process and the entity that represents how things have turned out.
elucidation: The relation between a process and the entity that represents how things have turned out.

AngularMomentum
type: Class
comment: Measure of the extent and direction an object rotates about a reference point.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularMomentum
ISO80000Reference: 4-11
elucidation: Measure of the extent and direction an object rotates about a reference point.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00353

TungstenAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for tungsten.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 74
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 183.84
elucidation: Atom subclass for tungsten.

SeleniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the selenium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Se
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the selenium atom.

PhysicsEquationSolution
type: Class
comment: This must be a mathematical function v(t), x(t). A dataset as solution is a conventional sign.
comment: A function solution of a physics equation that provides a methods for the prediction of some quantitiative properties of an object.
example: A parabolic function is a prediction of the trajectory of a falling object in a gravitational field. While it has predictive capabilities it lacks of an analogical character, since it does not show the law behind that trajectory.
elucidation: A function solution of a physics equation that provides a methods for the prediction of some quantitiative properties of an object.

Laplacian
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Δ

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: CausalStructure
etymology: From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and from Latin struere (“arrange, assemble, build”).

SISubMultiplePrefix
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1/N where N is a positive integer larger than 1.
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1/N where N is a positive integer larger than 1.

PermanentLiquidPhaseSintering
type: Class

Axiom
see also: DIN 8593-3:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: A collective term for the processes in which, during joining, the parts to be joined and any auxiliary parts are essentially only elastically deformed and unintentional loosening is prevented by frictional connection.

ElectricConductivityPerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivityPerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-3 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivityPerAmount'.

SpecialUnit
type: Class
comment: Special units are semiotic shortcuts to more complex composed symbolic objects.
comment: A unit symbol that stands for a derived unit.
example: Pa stands for N/m2 J stands for N m
elucidation: A unit symbol that stands for a derived unit.

NewtonMetreSecondPerRadian
type: Class
comment: Newton metre seconds measured per radian -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton metre seconds per radian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-SEC-PER-RAD
unitSymbol: N⋅m⋅s/rad
elucidation: Newton metre seconds measured per radian -- QUDT

BecquerelPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Becquerel per square metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-PER-M2
ucumCode: Bq/m2
ucumCode: Bq.m-2
unitSymbol: Bq/m²
elucidation: Becquerel per square metre.

VolumeFlowRate
type: Class
comment: Quantity equal to the volume dV of substance crossing a given surface during a time interval with infinitesimal duration dt, divided by this duration, thus qV = dV / dt-
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: VolumetricFlowRate
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VolumeFlowRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-31
elucidation: Quantity equal to the volume dV of substance crossing a given surface during a time interval with infinitesimal duration dt, divided by this duration, thus qV = dV / dt-
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumetric_flow_rate

MagneticSusceptibility
type: Class
comment: Scalar or tensor quantity the product of which by the magnetic constant μ0 and by the magnetic field strength H is equal to the magnetic polarization J.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SUSCEPTIBILITY_MAG.html
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691463
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-28
elucidation: Scalar or tensor quantity the product of which by the magnetic constant μ0 and by the magnetic field strength H is equal to the magnetic polarization J.

NewtonSecondPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of specific acoustic impedance. When sound waves pass through any physical substance the pressure of the waves causes the particles of the substance to move. The sound specific impedance is the ratio between the sound pressure and the particle velocity it produces. The specific impedance is 1 N · s · m⁻³ if unit pressure produces unit velocity. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton second per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC-PER-M3
ucumCode: N.s.m-3
unitSymbol: N⋅s/m³
elucidation: The SI unit of specific acoustic impedance. When sound waves pass through any physical substance the pressure of the waves causes the particles of the substance to move. The sound specific impedance is the ratio between the sound pressure and the particle velocity it produces. The specific impedance is 1 N · s · m⁻³ if unit pressure produces unit velocity. -- QUDT

MicroHenryPerMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Microhenry Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroH-PER-M
ucumCode: uH.m-1
unitSymbol: μH/m
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit henry divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

HenryPerKiloOhm
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit henry divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
alternative label: Henry Per Kiloohm
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H-PER-KiloOHM
ucumCode: H.kOhm-1
unitSymbol: H/kΩ
elucidation: SI derived unit henry divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT

DissociationConstant
type: Class
comment: Ratio of the number of dissociated molecules of a specified type to the total number of dissolved molecules of this type.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898254
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
elucidation: Ratio of the number of dissociated molecules of a specified type to the total number of dissolved molecules of this type.

SquareMetreQuarticHertz
type: Class
comment: Square metre and quartic Hertz.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ4
ucumCode: m2.Hz4
unitSymbol: m²⋅Hz⁴
elucidation: Square metre and quartic Hertz.

CoulombPerKilogramSecond
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of exposure rate -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Coulomb Per Kilogram Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-KiloGM-SEC
ucumCode: C/(kg.s)
ucumCode: C.kg-1.s-1
unitSymbol: C/kg⋅s
elucidation: The SI unit of exposure rate -- QUDT

Organisation
type: Class
comment: An holistic system of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives.
see also: ISO 55000:2014 organization: person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives
elucidation: An holistic system of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives.

ArithmeticEquation
type: Class
example: 1 + 1 = 2

TransportationDevice
type: Class

IsobaricHeatCapacity
type: Class
comment: Heat capacity at constant pressure.
alternative label: HeatCapacityAtConstantPressure
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112187490
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-16.2
elucidation: Heat capacity at constant pressure.

SquareMetreCubicHertz
type: Class
comment: Square metre and cubic Hertz.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ3
ucumCode: m2.Hz3
unitSymbol: m²⋅Hz³
elucidation: Square metre and cubic Hertz.

TennessineAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for tennessine.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 117
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 293.208
elucidation: Atom subclass for tennessine.

hasInterpreter
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relation connecting a sign to the interpreter in a semiotic process.
elucidation: A relation connecting a sign to the interpreter in a semiotic process.

Sign
type: Class
comment: An 'Physical' that is used as sign ("semeion" in greek) that stands for another 'Physical' through an semiotic process.
comment: A 'Sign' can have temporal-direct-parts which are 'Sign' themselves. A 'Sign' usually havs 'sign' spatial direct parts only up to a certain elementary semiotic level, in which the part is only a 'Physical' and no more a 'Sign' (i.e. it stands for nothing). This elementary semiotic level is peculiar to each particular system of signs (e.g. text, painting). Just like an 'Elementary' in the 'Physical' branch, each 'Sign' branch should have an a-tomistic mereological part.
comment: According to Peirce, 'Sign' includes three subcategories: - symbols: that stand for an object through convention - indeces: that stand for an object due to causal continguity - icons: that stand for an object due to similitudes e.g. in shape or composition
equivalent class: Class
example: A novel is made of chapters, paragraphs, sentences, words and characters (in a direct parthood mereological hierarchy). Each of them are 'sign'-s. A character can be the a-tomistic 'sign' for the class of texts. The horizontal segment in the character "A" is direct part of "A" but it is not a 'sign' itself. For plain text we can propose the ASCII symbols, for math the fundamental math symbols.
elucidation: An 'Physical' that is used as sign ("semeion" in greek) that stands for another 'Physical' through an semiotic process.

ElectronVoltPerKelvin
type: Class
comment: `Electron Volt per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Heat Capacity' expressed as eV/K. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.602177e-19
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Electron Volt per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/EV-PER-K
ucumCode: eV.K-1
ucumCode: eV/K
unitSymbol: ev/K
elucidation: `Electron Volt per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Heat Capacity' expressed as eV/K. -- QUDT

AbsorbedDose
type: Class
comment: Energy imparted to matter by ionizing radiation in a suitable small element of volume divided by the mass of that element of volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AbsorbedDose
ISO80000Reference: 10-81.1
elucidation: Energy imparted to matter by ionizing radiation in a suitable small element of volume divided by the mass of that element of volume.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00031

UnitOne
type: Class
comment: Represents the number 1, used as an explicit unit to say something has no units.
comment: "The unit one is the neutral element of any system of units – necessary and present automatically." -- SI Brochure
alternative label: Unitless
example: Typically used for ratios of two units whos dimensions cancels out.
example: Refractive index or volume fraction.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/UNITLESS
definition: Represents the number 1, used as an explicit unit to say something has no units.
elucidation: "The unit one is the neutral element of any system of units – necessary and present automatically." -- SI Brochure

QualifiedRole
type: Class
comment: The superclass for all classes whose entities are part of an entity of different type.
comment: A qualified role is an entity of a type that requires to be part of a another specific and different type. For example, a participant is always required to be part of a process, or a student always requires to be part of a school. This definition provides a clear and precise way to define what a role is.
elucidation: The superclass for all classes whose entities are part of an entity of different type.

ZirconiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for zirconium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 91.224
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 40
elucidation: Atom subclass for zirconium.

PhysicalParticle
type: Class
comment: The union of hadron and lepton, or fermion and bosons.
comment: The scope of the physical particle definition goes from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of substances.
comment: A well defined physical entity, elementary or composite, usually treated as a singular unit, that is found at scales spanning from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of larger scale substances (as the etymology of "particle" suggests).
alternative label: Particle
definition: The union of hadron and lepton, or fermion and bosons.
elucidation: A well defined physical entity, elementary or composite, usually treated as a singular unit, that is found at scales spanning from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of larger scale substances (as the etymology of "particle" suggests).

WattPerSteradian
type: Class
comment: `Watt Per Steradian (W/sr)` is the unit in the category of Radiant intensity. It is also known as watts per steradian. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Steradian (W/sr) has a dimension of M· L⁻²· T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Watt per Steradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-SR
ucumCode: W.sr-1
unitSymbol: W/sr
elucidation: `Watt Per Steradian (W/sr)` is the unit in the category of Radiant intensity. It is also known as watts per steradian. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Steradian (W/sr) has a dimension of M· L⁻²· T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

MagneticFieldStrengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFieldStrength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFieldStrength'.

NeodymiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the neodymium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Nd
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the neodymium atom.

LowerCriticalMagneticFluxDensity
type: Class
comment: For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for magnetic flux entering the superconductor.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LowerCriticalMagneticFluxDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106127355
ISO80000Reference: 12-36.2
elucidation: For type II superconductors, the threshold magnetic flux density for magnetic flux entering the superconductor.

LutetiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the lutetium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Lu
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the lutetium atom.

TotalAngularMomentum
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity in a quantum system composed of the vectorial sum of angular momentum L and spin s.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalAngularMomentum
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97496506
ISO80000Reference: 10-11
elucidation: Vector quantity in a quantum system composed of the vectorial sum of angular momentum L and spin s.

BeginTile
type: Class

ChemicalElement
type: Class
comment: The IUPAC Gold Book defines the a chemical element both as: - a species of atoms; all atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus - a pure chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus This qualifies a chemical element as a name and not a matter obejct that can stand for an atom or a substance.
comment: The symbol for a specific chemical element, that can stand both for an atom or a substance.
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: string
elucidation: The symbol for a specific chemical element, that can stand both for an atom or a substance.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01022

Interpretant
type: Class
comment: The interpreter's internal representation of the object in a semiosis process.
elucidation: The interpreter's internal representation of the object in a semiosis process.

ElectronCharge
type: Class
comment: The negative of ElementaryCharge.
comment: The charge of an electron.
definition: The charge of an electron.
elucidation: The negative of ElementaryCharge.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01982

Semiotics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class

EMMO
type: Class
comment: The class of all the OWL individuals representing world entities according to EMMO conceptualisation.
comment: The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is direct causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO, or in other words there is no spacetime without entities, since space and time are measured quantities following a causality relation between entities (spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions.
comment: The disjoint union of the fundamental mereocausal classes of Quantum, CausalPath, CausalSystem and Collection.
comment: EMMO entities dimensionality is related to their mereocausal structures. From the no-dimensional quantum entity, we introduce time dimension with the elementary concept, and the spacetime with the causal system concept. The EMMO conceptualisation does not allow the existence of space without a temporal dimension, the latter coming from a causal relation between entities. For this reason, the EMMO entities that are not quantum or elementaries, may be considered to be always spatiotemporal. The EMMO poses no constraints to the number of spatial dimensions for a causal system (except being higher than one).
subclass of: Restriction
conceptualisation: The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is direct causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO, or in other words there is no spacetime without entities, since space and time are measured quantities following a causality relation between entities (spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions.
definition: The disjoint union of the fundamental mereocausal classes of Quantum, CausalPath, CausalSystem and Collection.
elucidation: The class of all the OWL individuals representing world entities according to EMMO conceptualisation.

DebyeAngularWaveNumber
type: Class
comment: Cut-off angular wavenumber in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid.
alternative label: DebyeAngluarRepetency
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DebyeAngularWavenumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105554370
ISO80000Reference: 12-9.3
elucidation: Cut-off angular wavenumber in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: hasSuccessor
etymology: From Latin succedĕre ("coming after").

MassNumber
type: Class
comment: Number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: AtomicMassNumber
alternative label: NucleonNumber
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassNumber
elucidation: Number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus.

hasParticipant
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Participation is a parthood relation: you must be part of the process to contribute to it. A participant whose 4D extension is totally contained within the process. Participation is not under direct parthood since a process is not strictly related to reductionism, but it's a way to categorize temporal regions by the interpreters.
comment: The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself.
elucidation: The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself.

NeodymiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for neodymium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 144.242
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 60
elucidation: Atom subclass for neodymium.

VacuumMagneticPermeability
type: Class
comment: The DBpedia and UIPAC Gold Book definitions (http://dbpedia.org/page/Vacuum_permeability, https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04504) are outdated since May 20, 2019. It is now a measured constant.
comment: The value of magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum.
alternative label: PermeabilityOfVacuum
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ElectromagneticPermeabilityOfVacuum
ISO80000Reference: 6-26.1
elucidation: The value of magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum.

Ampere
type: Class
comment: The ampere, symbol A, is the SI unit of electric current. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the elementary charge e to be 1.602176634×10−19 when expressed in the unit C, which is equal to A s, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: A
uneceCommonCode: AMP
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A
ucumCode: A
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ampere
definition: The ampere, symbol A, is the SI unit of electric current. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the elementary charge e to be 1.602176634×10−19 when expressed in the unit C, which is equal to A s, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00300

TerbiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for terbium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 65
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 158.92535
elucidation: Atom subclass for terbium.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Observation
etymology: From Latin observare (“to watch, note, mark, heed, guard, keep, pay attention to, regard, comply with, etc.”), from ob (“before”) + servare (“to keep”),

NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpereUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpere'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+3 M+1 I-1 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpere'.

PhysioChemicalQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-9.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-9.

EnergyDensityOfStates
type: Class
comment: Quantity in condensed matter physics.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyDensityOfStates
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105687031
ISO80000Reference: 12-16
elucidation: Quantity in condensed matter physics.

StandaloneModelSimulation
type: Class
comment: A standalone simulation, where a single physics equation is solved.
elucidation: A standalone simulation, where a single physics equation is solved.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: EMMO
etymology: EMMO is the acronym of Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology.

WattPerSquareMetreKelvin
type: Class
comment: `Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin `(W m⁻² K⁻¹) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat transfer coefficient. It is also known as watt/square meter-kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin (W m⁻² K⁻¹) has a dimension of MT⁻¹Q⁻¹ where M is mass, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Watt per Square Metre Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-K
ucumCode: W.m-2.K-1
unitSymbol: W/(m²⋅K)
elucidation: `Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin `(W m⁻² K⁻¹) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat transfer coefficient. It is also known as watt/square meter-kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter Per Kelvin (W m⁻² K⁻¹) has a dimension of MT⁻¹Q⁻¹ where M is mass, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

Francesco A. Zaccarini
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://www.unibo.it/en

Point
type: Class
comment: A zero-manifold of only one point.
elucidation: A zero-manifold of only one point.

ModelledProperty
type: Class
comment: A quantity obtained from a well-defined modelling procedure.
elucidation: A quantity obtained from a well-defined modelling procedure.

DubniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for dubnium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 268.126
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 105
elucidation: Atom subclass for dubnium.

AqueousSolution
type: Class
comment: A liquid solution in which the solvent is water.
elucidation: A liquid solution in which the solvent is water.

Georg J. Schmitz
type: NamedIndividual

NumericalData
type: Class
comment: Data that can be decoded under a quantitative schema and also associated with a graphical number symbols.
elucidation: Data that can be decoded under a quantitative schema and also associated with a graphical number symbols.

MassTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassTemperature'.

Determiner
type: Class
comment: An 'interpreter' that perceives another 'entity' (the 'object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'property' (the 'sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: An 'interpreter' that perceives another 'entity' (the 'object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'property' (the 'sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception.

Joule
type: Class
comment: SI unit for energy.
comment: The SI unit of work or energy, defined to be the work done by a force of one newton acting to move an object through a distance of one meter in the direction in which the force is applied. Equivalently, since kinetic energy is one half the mass times the square of the velocity, one joule is the kinetic energy of a mass of two kilograms moving at a velocity of 1 m/s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: J
uneceCommonCode: JOU
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J
ucumCode: J
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Joule
elucidation: SI unit for energy.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.J03363

MolePerMinute
type: Class
comment: SI base unit mole divided by the unit for time minute -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-02
alternative label: Mole Per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-MIN
ucumCode: mol.min-1
unitSymbol: mol/min
elucidation: SI base unit mole divided by the unit for time minute -- QUDT

RubidiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for rubidium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 37
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 85.4678
elucidation: Atom subclass for rubidium.

Axiom
see also: ISO 23704-1:2022(en), 3.1.2
annotated target: process of joining materials to make parts from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing (3.1.29) and formative manufacturing methodologies,

Hecto
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 100.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: h
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 100.

MicroSiemensPerCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-04
alternative label: Microsiemens Per Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroS-PER-CentiM
ucumCode: uS.cm-1
unitSymbol: μS/cm
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

Number
type: Class
comment: In math usually number and numeral are distinct concepts, the numeral being the symbol or a composition of symbols (e.g. 3.14, 010010, three) and the number is the idea behind it. More than one numeral stands for the same number. In the EMMO abstract entities do not exists, and numbers are simply defined by other numerals, so that a number is the class of all the numerals that are equivalent (e.g. 3 and 0011 are numerals that stands for the same number). Or alternatively, an integer numeral may also stands for a set of a specific cardinality (e.g. 3 stands for a set of three apples). Rational and real numbers are simply a syntactic arrangment of integers (digits, in decimal system). The fact that you can't give a name to a number without using a numeral or, in case of positive integers, without referring to a real world objects set with specific cardinality, suggests that the abstract concept of number is not a concept that can be practically used. For these reasons, the EMMO will consider numerals and numbers as the same concept.
comment: A number is actually a string (e.g. 1.4, 1e-8) of numerical digits and other symbols. However, in order not to increase complexity of the taxonomy and relations, here we take a number as an "atomic" object, without decomposit it in digits (i.e. we do not include digits in the EMMO as alphabet for numbers).
comment: A number individual provides the link between the ontology and the actual data, through the data property hasNumericalValue.
comment: A numerical data value.
alternative label: Numeral
elucidation: A numerical data value.

ZeptoPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "zepto" (1e-21).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-21
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "zepto" (1e-21).

SiemensPerCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
alternative label: Siemens Per Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S-PER-CentiM
ucumCode: S.cm-1
unitSymbol: S/cm
elucidation: SI derived unit Siemens divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

WattPerSquareMetreSteradian
type: Class
comment: `Watt per steradian per square metre` is the SI unit of radiance (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²), while that of spectral radiance in frequency is the watt per steradian per square metre per hertz (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·Hz⁻¹) and that of spectral radiance in wavelength is the watt per steradian per square metre, per metre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻³), commonly the watt per steradian per square metre per nanometre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·nm⁻¹). It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Watt per Square Metre Steradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-SR
ucumCode: W.m-2.sr-1
unitSymbol: W/(m²⋅sr)
elucidation: `Watt per steradian per square metre` is the SI unit of radiance (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²), while that of spectral radiance in frequency is the watt per steradian per square metre per hertz (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·Hz⁻¹) and that of spectral radiance in wavelength is the watt per steradian per square metre, per metre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻³), commonly the watt per steradian per square metre per nanometre (W·sr⁻¹·m⁻²·nm⁻¹). It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻³ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiance

Baryon
type: Class
comment: Subatomic particle which contains an odd number of valence quarks, at least 3.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: Subatomic particle which contains an odd number of valence quarks, at least 3.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baryon

Adham Hashibon
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://www.ucl.ac.uk

Distance
type: Class
comment: Distance is the norm of Displacement.
comment: Shortest path length between two points in a metric space.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Distance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126017
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Distance
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.8
elucidation: Shortest path length between two points in a metric space.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance

SolidMixture
type: Class
equivalent class: Class

FiberReinforcePlasticManufacturing
type: Class

SurfaceCoefficientOfHeatTransfer
type: Class
comment: Coefficient of heat transfer when heat exchange takes place between a body at thermodynamic temperature Ts and its surroundings that are at a reference temperature Tr.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceCoefficientOfHeatTransfer
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74770365
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-10.2
elucidation: Coefficient of heat transfer when heat exchange takes place between a body at thermodynamic temperature Ts and its surroundings that are at a reference temperature Tr.

JoulePerMole
type: Class
comment: The joule per mole (symbol: J· mol⁻¹) is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material. Energy is measured in joules, and the amount of material is measured in moles. Physical quantities measured in J· mol⁻¹) usually describe quantities of energy transferred during phase transformations or chemical reactions. Division by the number of moles facilitates comparison between processes involving different quantities of material and between similar processes involving different types of materials. The meaning of such a quantity is always context-dependent and, particularly for chemical reactions, is dependent on the (possibly arbitrary) definition of a 'mole' for a particular process. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-MOL
ucumCode: J.mol-1
unitSymbol: J/mol
elucidation: The joule per mole (symbol: J· mol⁻¹) is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material. Energy is measured in joules, and the amount of material is measured in moles. Physical quantities measured in J· mol⁻¹) usually describe quantities of energy transferred during phase transformations or chemical reactions. Division by the number of moles facilitates comparison between processes involving different quantities of material and between similar processes involving different types of materials. The meaning of such a quantity is always context-dependent and, particularly for chemical reactions, is dependent on the (possibly arbitrary) definition of a 'mole' for a particular process. -- QUDT

SerialStep
type: Class
comment: A step that is a temporal tile of a workflow.
elucidation: A step that is a temporal tile of a workflow.

ChemicalFormula
type: Class
comment: A symbolic construct that provides informations about the chemical proportions of the elements that constitute a chemical compound or a specific molecule.
comment: A chemical formula may also include other symbols such as parentheses, plus and minus signs, brackets
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A symbolic construct that provides informations about the chemical proportions of the elements that constitute a chemical compound or a specific molecule.

PascalSecondPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Pascal Second Per Meter (Pa-s/m) is a unit in the category of Specific acoustic impedance. It is also known as pascal-second/meter. Pascal Second Per Meter has a dimension of ML²T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit kg/m2· s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Pascal Second Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-SEC-PER-M
ucumCode: Pa.s.m-1
unitSymbol: Pa⋅s/m
elucidation: Pascal Second Per Meter (Pa-s/m) is a unit in the category of Specific acoustic impedance. It is also known as pascal-second/meter. Pascal Second Per Meter has a dimension of ML²T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. It essentially the same as the corresponding standard SI unit kg/m2· s. -- QUDT

JoulePerHour
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit joule divided by the 3600 times the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
alternative label: Joule Per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-HR
ucumCode: J.h-1
unitSymbol: J/hr
elucidation: SI derived unit joule divided by the 3600 times the SI base unit second -- QUDT

TemperaturePerSquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerSquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerSquareTime'.

hasCollaborationWith
type: SymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty

ComputerLanguage
type: Class
comment: A formal language used to communicate with a computer.
comment: The categorisation of computer languages is based on Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK(R)): Version 3.0, January 2014. Editors Pierre Bourque, Richard E. Fairley. Publisher: IEEE Computer Society PressWashingtonDCUnited States. ISBN:978-0-7695-5166-1. https://www.computer.org/education/bodies-of-knowledge/software-engineering
elucidation: A formal language used to communicate with a computer.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_language

JoinManufacturing
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing involving the creation of long-term connection of several workpieces.
comment: The permanent joining or other bringing together of two or more workpieces of a geometric shape or of similar workpieces with shapeless material. In each case, the cohesion is created locally and increased as a whole.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
alternative label: Fügen @de
elucidation: A manufacturing involving the creation of long-term connection of several workpieces.

MagnesiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the magnesium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mg
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the magnesium atom.

CubicMetrePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-M3
ucumCode: m3.m-3
unitSymbol: m³/m³
elucidation: Power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3. -- QUDT

Susceptance
type: Class
comment: Imaginary part of the admittance.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Susceptance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q509598
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-52.3
elucidation: Imaginary part of the admittance.

ZincSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the zinc atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Zn
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the zinc atom.

Tera
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e12.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: T
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+12
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e12.

Planing
type: Class
comment: Type of scratching behaviour where the scratching force and the (displacement) deflection of the scratching tip are constant over the scratching distance during the test.
alternative label: Hobeln

MassAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassArea'.

MolePerHour
type: Class
comment: SI base unit mole divided by the unit for time hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.77778e-04
alternative label: Mole Per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-HR
ucumCode: mol.h-1
unitSymbol: mol/hr
elucidation: SI base unit mole divided by the unit for time hour -- QUDT

Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
comment: Enforcing exclusivity between overlapping and causality.

NewtonPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newtons Per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-M2
ucumCode: N.m-2
unitSymbol: N/m²
elucidation: The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal

JoulePerMetre
type: Class
comment: Joule per metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M
ucumCode: J/m
ucumCode: J.m-1
unitSymbol: J/m
elucidation: Joule per metre.

isTemporallyBefore
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: A relation between entities that are only one-directionally causally connected.
comment: A relation jointly covered by hasNext and hasSuccessor relations, which are mutually exclusive.
definition: A relation jointly covered by hasNext and hasSuccessor relations, which are mutually exclusive.
elucidation: A relation between entities that are only one-directionally causally connected.

HeatTreatment
type: Class
comment: Heat to a temperature appropriate for the particular material, maintain at that temperature and then cool at an appropriate rate to reduce hardness, improve machinability or achieve desired properties.
alternative label: wärmebehandeln

hasDistinctPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)]
comment: The superproperty of all object property relations between an entity and one of its proper parts that belongs to different taxonomical branch.
example: A molecule is a distinct part of a fluid.
definition: DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)]
elucidation: The superproperty of all object property relations between an entity and one of its proper parts that belongs to different taxonomical branch.

LitrePerMole
type: Class
comment: unit litre divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Litre Per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-MOL
ucumCode: L.mol-1
ucumCode: L/mol
unitSymbol: L/mol
elucidation: unit litre divided by the SI base unit mol -- QUDT

HardeningByRolling
type: Class
comment: Strengthening by rolling is the strengthening of component surfaces by mechanically generating compressive stresses in the component surface and consolidating the material.
alternative label: VerfestigendurchWalzen

PrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: A measurement unit that is made of a metric prefix and a unit symbol.
subclass of: Restriction
  qualified cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  qualified cardinality: 1
elucidation: A measurement unit that is made of a metric prefix and a unit symbol.

MagneticReluctanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L-2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctance'.

CondensedFormula
type: Class
example: An expression that provides information about the element types that constiture a molecule or a molecular substance and their number, together with simple information about the connectivity of its groups by using parenthesis or by goruping element names according to its molecular structure.

LitrePerMinute
type: Class
comment: unit litre divided by the unit minute -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-05
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Litre Per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-MIN
ucumCode: L.min-1
ucumCode: L/min
unitSymbol: L/min
elucidation: unit litre divided by the unit minute -- QUDT

AtomicNumber
type: Class
comment: Number of protons in an atomic nucleus.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AtomicNumber
ISO80000Reference: 10-1.1
elucidation: Number of protons in an atomic nucleus.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00499

EnergyFluenceRate
type: Class
comment: In nuclear physics, time derivative of the energy fluence.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyFluenceRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98538655
ISO80000Reference: 10-47
elucidation: In nuclear physics, time derivative of the energy fluence.

LitrePerHour
type: Class
comment: Unit litre divided by the unit hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-07
alternative label: Litre Per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-HR
ucumCode: L/h
ucumCode: L.h-1
unitSymbol: L/hr
elucidation: Unit litre divided by the unit hour -- QUDT

LawrenciumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for lawrencium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 262.11
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 103
elucidation: Atom subclass for lawrencium.

Imp
body: ClassAtom
  argument1: x
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: x
comment: Enforcing parthood reflexivity.

LinkedFlux
type: Class
comment: Magnetic flux the integration area of which is such that magnetic field lines cross it in the same orientation more than once.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFlux
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4374882
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-22.2
elucidation: Magnetic flux the integration area of which is such that magnetic field lines cross it in the same orientation more than once.

SquareCurrentQuarticTimePerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareCurrentQuarticTimePerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+4 L0 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareCurrentQuarticTimePerMass'.

GramPerMilliLitre
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Gram Per Millilitre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-MilliL
ucumCode: g.mL-1
unitSymbol: g/mL
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the 0.001-fold of the unit litre -- QUDT

ChemicalNomenclature
type: Class
comment: A language object following a specific nomenclature rules for defining univocal names of chemical compounds.
comment: A chemical numenclature should not be confused with the chemical formula.
elucidation: A language object following a specific nomenclature rules for defining univocal names of chemical compounds.

TitaniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the titanium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ti
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the titanium atom.

LengthTimePerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimePerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L+1 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimePerMass'.

PhaseVelocity
type: Class
comment: For a sinusoidal wave at a given point, velocity in the direction of propagation of the wavefront corresponding to a specified phase.
alternative label: PhaseSpeed
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13824
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Phase_velocity
ISO80000Reference: 3-23.1
elucidation: For a sinusoidal wave at a given point, velocity in the direction of propagation of the wavefront corresponding to a specified phase.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_velocity

LiquidGasSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of gas in a liquid continuum phase.
example: Sparkling water
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of gas in a liquid continuum phase.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN ISO 472/A1:2019-03
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Type of scratching behaviour where the scratching force and the (displacement) deflection of the scratching tip are constant over the scratching distance during the test.

SIBaseUnit
type: Class
comment: The base units in the SI system.
disjoint union of: Ampere
disjoint union of: Candela
disjoint union of: Kelvin
disjoint union of: Kilogram
disjoint union of: Metre
disjoint union of: Mole
disjoint union of: Second
elucidation: The base units in the SI system.

PraseodymiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the praseodymium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pr
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the praseodymium atom.

Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: y
  argument2: z
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: z
comment: Transitivity for parthood.

AngularReciprocalLatticeVector
type: Class
comment: Vector whose scalar products with all fundamental lattice vectors are integral multiples of 2pi.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularReciprocalLatticeVector
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105475278
ISO80000Reference: 12-2.1
elucidation: Vector whose scalar products with all fundamental lattice vectors are integral multiples of 2pi.

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: CausalChain
etymology: From Old French chaine, chaene (“chain”), from Latin catēna (“chain”).

BohriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for bohrium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 270.133
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 107
elucidation: Atom subclass for bohrium.

EuropiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for europium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 151.964
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 63
elucidation: Atom subclass for europium.

Axiom
annotated property: subClassOf
annotated target: Restriction
comment: All EMMO individuals are part of the most comprehensive entity which is the universe.

TotalCurrentDensity
type: Class
comment: Sum of electric current density and displacement current density.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalCurrentDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77680811
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-20
elucidation: Sum of electric current density and displacement current density.

ShellScript
type: Class
comment: A command language designed to be run by a command-line interpreter, like a Unix shell.
elucidation: A command language designed to be run by a command-line interpreter, like a Unix shell.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_script

MaterialsProcessing
type: Class
comment: A material process requires the output to be classified as an individual of a material subclass.
comment: A manufacturing process aimed to modify the precursor objects through a physical process (involving other materials, energy, manipulation) to change its material properties.
alternative label: ContinuumManufacturing
example: Synthesis of materials, quenching, the preparation of a cake, tempering of a steel beam.
elucidation: A manufacturing process aimed to modify the precursor objects through a physical process (involving other materials, energy, manipulation) to change its material properties.

NonLeakageProbability
type: Class
comment: Probability that a neutron will not escape from the reactor during the slowing-down process or while it diffuses as a thermal neutron.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Non-LeakageProbability
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99415566
ISO80000Reference: 10-77
elucidation: Probability that a neutron will not escape from the reactor during the slowing-down process or while it diffuses as a thermal neutron.

hasNumericalPart
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: Relates a quantity to its numerical value through spatial direct parthood.

FlexuralForming
type: Class
comment: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress.
alternative label: Biegeumformen

RadianPerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity. In SI units, it is measured in radians per Square second (rad/s²), and is usually denoted by the Greek letter α. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Radian per Square Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: rad/s2
ucumCode: rad.s-2
unitSymbol: rad/s²
elucidation: Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity. In SI units, it is measured in radians per Square second (rad/s²), and is usually denoted by the Greek letter α. -- QUDT

WattHour
type: Class
comment: The watt hour is a unit of energy, equal to 3,600 joule. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-HR
ucumCode: W.h
unitSymbol: W⋅hr
elucidation: The watt hour is a unit of energy, equal to 3,600 joule. -- QUDT

EnergyTimePerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyTimePerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyTimePerAmount'.

VonKlitzingConstant
type: Class
comment: Resistance quantum.
comment: The von Klitzing constant is defined as Planck constant divided by the square of the elementary charge.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/VonKlitzingConstant
definition: The von Klitzing constant is defined as Planck constant divided by the square of the elementary charge.
elucidation: Resistance quantum.

CausalStructure
type: Class
comment: A causal structure expresses itself in time and space thanks to the underlying causality relations between its constituent quantum entities. It must at least provide two temporal parts. The unity criterion beyond the definition of a causal structure (the most general concept of structure) is the existence of an undirected causal path between each of its parts.
comment: The class of individuals representing causally self-connected world entities.
comment: The disjoint union of Causal Path and CausalSystem classes.
comment: The most fundamental unity criterion for the definition of an structure is that: - is made of at least two quantums (a structure is not a simple entity) - all quantum parts form a causally connected graph
equivalent class: Class
conceptualisation: The most fundamental unity criterion for the definition of an structure is that: - is made of at least two quantums (a structure is not a simple entity) - all quantum parts form a causally connected graph
definition: The disjoint union of Causal Path and CausalSystem classes.
elucidation: The class of individuals representing causally self-connected world entities.

HertzMetre
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Hertz Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-M
ucumCode: Hz.m
unitSymbol: Hz⋅M
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit hertz and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

StandardUnit
type: Class
comment: A reference unit provided by a reference material. International vocabulary of metrology (VIM)
alternative label: ReferenceMaterial
example: Arbitrary amount-of-substance concentration of lutropin in a given sample of plasma (WHO international standard 80/552): 5.0 International Unit/l
elucidation: A reference unit provided by a reference material. International vocabulary of metrology (VIM)

Namer
type: Class
comment: An interpreter who assigns a name to an object without any motivations related to the object characters.
elucidation: An interpreter who assigns a name to an object without any motivations related to the object characters.

DegreeCelsiusPerKelvin
type: Class
comment: unit with the name Degree Celsius divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT
alternative label: Degree Celsius Per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-K
ucumCode: Cel.K-1
ucumCode: Cel/K
unitSymbol: °C/K
elucidation: unit with the name Degree Celsius divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT

StandardizedPhysicalQuantity
type: Class
comment: The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to a standard (e.g. ISQ).
elucidation: The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to a standard (e.g. ISQ).

EuclideanSpace
type: Class
comment: A three-manifold with Euclidean metric.
elucidation: A three-manifold with Euclidean metric.

SodiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for sodium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 11
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 22.98976928
elucidation: Atom subclass for sodium.

FranciumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for francium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 223.01974
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 87
elucidation: Atom subclass for francium.

RichardsonConstantUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'RichardsonConstant'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ-2 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'RichardsonConstant'.

SolidGasSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of gas in a solid continuum phase.
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of gas in a solid continuum phase.

participatesTo
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between a process P and an object whole O that overcrosses it. The intersection between P and O is a participant of P.

NMTOKENData
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: NMTOKEN

MoleFraction
type: Class
comment: Number of one type of species divided by the number of all species.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: AtomFraction
alternative label: MolePerMole
alternative label: Moles per mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-MOL
ucumCode: mol.mol-1
unitSymbol: atom-fraction
unitSymbol: mole_fraction
unitSymbol: mole-fraction
unitSymbol: atom_fraction
unitSymbol: mol/mol
elucidation: Number of one type of species divided by the number of all species.

PhosphorusSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the phosphorus atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: P
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the phosphorus atom.

SpecificationLanguage
type: Class
comment: A language used to describe what a computer system should do.
example: ACSL, VDM, LOTUS, MML, ...
elucidation: A language used to describe what a computer system should do.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_language

VolumeFraction
type: Class
comment: Volume of a constituent of a mixture divided by the sum of volumes of all constituents prior to mixing.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VolumeFraction
ISO80000Reference: 9-14
elucidation: Volume of a constituent of a mixture divided by the sum of volumes of all constituents prior to mixing.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06643

AreicSpeedUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreicSpeed'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreicSpeed'.

LinkedModelsSimulation
type: Class
comment: A chain of linked physics based model simulations, where equations are solved sequentially.
elucidation: A chain of linked physics based model simulations, where equations are solved sequentially.

FormingFromIonised
type: Class

SpatialTile
type: Class
comment: A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in spatial parts.
elucidation: A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in spatial parts.

Hypothesis
type: Class
comment: A hypothesis is a theory, estimated and objective, since its estimated premises are objective.
elucidation: A hypothesis is a theory, estimated and objective, since its estimated premises are objective.

DragForce
type: Class
comment: Retarding force on a body moving in a fluid.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206621
ISO80000Reference: 4-9.6
elucidation: Retarding force on a body moving in a fluid.

ElectricCurrent
type: Class
comment: A flow of electric charge.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCurrent
ISO80000Reference: 6-1
elucidation: A flow of electric charge.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01927

Compressibility
type: Class
comment: Measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure change.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Compressibility
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8067817
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-20
elucidation: Measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure change.

Emanuele Ghedini
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://www.unibo.it/en

KinematicViscosity
type: Class
comment: Quotient of dynamic viscosity and mass density of a fluid.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/KinematicViscosity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15106259
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-25
elucidation: Quotient of dynamic viscosity and mass density of a fluid.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03395

PhysicsMathematicalComputation
type: Class
comment: The equation that describes the velocity of a uniform accelerated body v = v0 + a*t is a functional icon. In general every analitical solution of a mathematical model can be considered an icon. A functional icon expresses its similarity with the object when is part of a process the makes it imitate the behavior of the object. In the case of v = v0 + a*t, plotting the velocity over time or listing their values at certain instants is when the icon expresses it functionality.
comment: A functional icon that imitates the behaviour of the object through mathematical evaluations of some mathematical construct.
elucidation: A functional icon that imitates the behaviour of the object through mathematical evaluations of some mathematical construct.

RotationalFrequency
type: Class
comment: Magnitude of the angular velocity ω divided by the angle 2π, thus n = |ω|/2π.
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-17.2
elucidation: Magnitude of the angular velocity ω divided by the angle 2π, thus n = |ω|/2π.

Solid
type: Class
comment: A continuum characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume, that retains its shape and density when not confined.
elucidation: A continuum characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume, that retains its shape and density when not confined.

Atto
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-18.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-18
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: a
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-18.

DropForging
type: Class

LatentHeat
type: Class
comment: Heat released or absorbed energy during a constant-temperature process.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207721
ISO80000Reference: 5-6.2
elucidation: Heat released or absorbed energy during a constant-temperature process.

CausalCluster
type: Class
comment: The class of individuals representing causal clusters.
comment: With the causal cluster term we address an heterogenous group of entities, which possess the common feature of having at least two causally non connected quanta. It comprises collections (non self-connected entities) and causal systems (entities extended in space).
comment: The disjoint union of the CausalSystem and Collection classes.
equivalent class: Class
conceptualisation: With the causal cluster term we address an heterogenous group of entities, which possess the common feature of having at least two causally non connected quanta. It comprises collections (non self-connected entities) and causal systems (entities extended in space).
definition: The disjoint union of the CausalSystem and Collection classes.
elucidation: The class of individuals representing causal clusters.

MassAttenuationCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the mass density ρ of the medium.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassAttenuationCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98591983
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-50
elucidation: Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the mass density ρ of the medium.

SquareMetrePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per kilogram, square metre per kilogram, square metres per kilogram, square meter/kilogram, square metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Metre per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: m2.kg-1
unitSymbol: m²/kg
elucidation: Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific Area. It is also known as square meters per kilogram, square metre per kilogram, square metres per kilogram, square meter/kilogram, square metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Square Meter Per Kilogram (m2/kg) has a dimension of M-1L2 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

MolarEnthalpy
type: Class
comment: Enthalpy per amount of substance.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88769977
ISO80000Reference: 9-6.2
elucidation: Enthalpy per amount of substance.

Radius
type: Class
comment: Distance from the centre of a circle to the circumference.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Radius
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173817
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Radius
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.6
elucidation: Distance from the centre of a circle to the circumference.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius

Exposure
type: Class
comment: Absolute value of the electric charge of ions produced in dry air by X- or gamma radiation per mass of air.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Exposure
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336938
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-88
elucidation: Absolute value of the electric charge of ions produced in dry air by X- or gamma radiation per mass of air.

Axiom
see also: ISO 4885:2018-02
annotated target: hardening of a workpiece caused by the precipitation of one or more compounds from a supersaturated solid solution

AmperePerDegreeCelsius
type: Class
comment: A measure used to express how a current is subject to temperature. Originally used in Wien's Law to describe phenomena related to filaments. One use today is to express how a current generator derates with temperature. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 5.729578e+01
alternative label: Ampere per Degree Celsius
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-DEG_C
ucumCode: A/Cel
ucumCode: A.Cel-1
unitSymbol: A/°C
elucidation: A measure used to express how a current is subject to temperature. Originally used in Wien's Law to describe phenomena related to filaments. One use today is to express how a current generator derates with temperature. -- QUDT

MolybdenumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the molybdenum atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mo
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the molybdenum atom.

InternalConversionFactor
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the number of internal conversion electrons and the number of gamma quanta emitted by the radioactive atom in a given transition, where a conversion electron represents an orbital electron emitted through the radioactive decay.
alternative label: InternalConversionCoefficient
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InternalConversionFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6047819
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-35
elucidation: Quotient of the number of internal conversion electrons and the number of gamma quanta emitted by the radioactive atom in a given transition, where a conversion electron represents an orbital electron emitted through the radioactive decay.

FiberboardManufacturing
type: Class

Axiom
see also: DIN EN 13956:2013-03
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Joining process by softening the surfaces to be joined, either by heat or with a solvent (swelling welding, solvent welding), and pressing the softened surfaces together.

Existent
type: Class
comment: A 'Physical' which is a tessellation of 'State' temporal direct parts.
comment: An 'Existent' individual stands for a real world object for which the ontologist wants to provide univocal tessellation in time. By definition, the tiles are represented by 'State'-s individual. Tiles are related to the 'Existent' through temporal direct parthood, enforcing non-transitivity and inverse-functionality.
comment: 'Existent' is the EMMO class to be used for representing real world physical objects under a reductionistic perspective (i.e. objects come from the composition of sub-part objects, both in time and space). 'Existent' class collects all individuals that stand for physical objects that can be structured in well defined temporal sub-parts called states, through the temporal direct parthood relation. This class provides a first granularity hierarchy in time, and a way to axiomatize tessellation principles for a specific whole with a non-transitivity relation (direct parthood) that helps to retain the granularity levels. e.g. a car, a supersaturated gas with nucleating nanoparticles, an atom that becomes ionized and then recombines with an electron.
comment: Being hasTemporalDirectPart a proper parthood relation, there cannot be 'Existent' made of a single 'State'. Moreover, due to inverse functionality, a 'State' can be part of only one 'Existent', preventing overlapping between 'Existent'-s.
subclass of: Restriction
deprecated: true
elucidation: A 'Physical' which is a tessellation of 'State' temporal direct parts.

LawrenciumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the lawrencium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Lr
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the lawrencium atom.

MassPerQuarticLengthTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticLengthTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-4 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticLengthTime'.

hasManufacturedOutput
type: ObjectProperty

HyperfineTransitionFrequencyOfCs
type: Class
comment: The frequency standard in the SI system in which the photon absorption by transitions between the two hyperfine ground states of caesium-133 atoms are used to control the output frequency. It defines the base unit second in the SI system.
elucidation: The frequency standard in the SI system in which the photon absorption by transitions between the two hyperfine ground states of caesium-133 atoms are used to control the output frequency. It defines the base unit second in the SI system.

emergesFrom
type: ObjectProperty

QualifiedWhole
type: Class
comment: The superclass for all classes whose entities requires to have at least a part of different type.
comment: A qualified whole is an entity of a type that requires to have parts of a another specific and different type. For example, a process always requires to have a participant, or a car always requires to have a powertrain. This definition provides a clear and precise way to define what a whole is.
elucidation: The superclass for all classes whose entities requires to have at least a part of different type.

TantalumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the tantalum atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ta
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the tantalum atom.

ArithmeticOperator
type: Class

SquareMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM2
ucumCode: mm2
unitSymbol: mm²
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

ByteData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 8-bit integer number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: byte
elucidation: A data representing 8-bit integer number.

Axiom
annotated target: We call "decoding" the act of recognise the variation according to a particular rule and generate another equivalent schema (e.g. in the agent's cognitive apparatus, as another form of data). We call "interpreting" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is covered by the semiotic perspective.
example: The electronical state of the RAM of my laptop is decoded by it as ASCII characters and printed on the screen.

LightAndRadiationQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-7.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-7.

LengthMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthMass'.

Punctuation
type: Class
comment: Symbol representing a punctuation character.
elucidation: Symbol representing a punctuation character.

Axiom
see also: ISO 14034:2016-11
annotated property: comment
annotated target: application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts or systems in order to solve a problem or to achieve an objective which can result in a product or process

ElectricChargeDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L-3 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeDensity'.

Curvature
type: Class
comment: Inverse of the radius of curvature.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CurvatureFromRadius
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Curvature
ISO80000Reference: 3-2
elucidation: Inverse of the radius of curvature.

CategorizedPhysicalQuantity
type: Class
comment: The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to some domain of interests (e.g. metallurgy, chemistry), property (intensive/extensive) or application.
elucidation: The superclass for all physical quantities classes that are categorized according to some domain of interests (e.g. metallurgy, chemistry), property (intensive/extensive) or application.

CubicCentiMetrePerKelvin
type: Class
comment: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-K
ucumCode: cm3/K
ucumCode: cm3.K-1
unitSymbol: cm³/K
elucidation: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT

SolidSol
type: Class
comment: A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in another continuous solid.
elucidation: A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in another continuous solid.

Semiosis
type: Class
comment: A 'Process', that has participant an 'Interpreter', that is aimed to produce a 'Sign' representing another participant, the 'Object'.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
example: Me looking a cat and saying loud: "Cat!" -> the semiosis process me -> interpreter cat -> object (in Peirce semiotics) the cat perceived by my mind -> interpretant "Cat!" -> sign, the produced sign
elucidation: A 'Process', that has participant an 'Interpreter', that is aimed to produce a 'Sign' representing another participant, the 'Object'.

DimensionalUnit
type: Class
comment: The current version of EMMO does not provide explicit classes for physical dimensions. Rather it embraces the fact that the physical dimensionality of a physical quantity is carried by its measurement unit. The role of dimensional unit and its subclasses is to express the physical dimensionality that is carried by the unit. Since the dimensionality of a physical quantity can be written as the product of powers of the physical dimensions of the base quantities in the selected system of quantities, the physical dimensionality of a measurement unit is uniquely determined by the exponents. For a dimensional unit, at least one of these exponents must be non-zero (making it disjoint from dimensionless units).
comment: A subclass of measurement unit focusing on the physical dimensionality that is carried by the unit.
elucidation: A subclass of measurement unit focusing on the physical dimensionality that is carried by the unit.

Axiom
see also: ISO 23952:2020(en), 3.4.143
annotated property: comment
annotated target: a physical artifact, real or virtual, intended for subsequent transformation within some manufacturing operation

iupacReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: DOI to corresponding concept in IUPAC
range: anyURI
sub property of: seeAlso

PascalPerMinute
type: Class
comment: A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one minute. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-02
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Pascal per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-MIN
ucumCode: Pa.min-1
unitSymbol: P/min
elucidation: A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one minute. -- QUDT

JoulePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: `Joule Per Cubic Meter` (J/m³) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per cubic meter, joule per cubic metre, joules per cubic metre, joule/cubic meter, joule/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. It has a dimension of ML⁻¹T⁻² where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M3
ucumCode: J.m-3
ucumCode: J/m3
unitSymbol: J/m³
elucidation: `Joule Per Cubic Meter` (J/m³) is a unit in the category of Energy density. It is also known as joules per cubic meter, joule per cubic metre, joules per cubic metre, joule/cubic meter, joule/cubic metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. It has a dimension of ML⁻¹T⁻² where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

LengthTimeCurrentUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeCurrent'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L+1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTimeCurrent'.

PerCubicMetreSecond
type: Class
comment: Per cubic metre and second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M3-SEC
ucumCode: m-3.s-1
unitSymbol: /(m³⋅s)
elucidation: Per cubic metre and second.

GrayPerSecond
type: Class
comment: "Gray per Second" is a unit for 'Absorbed Dose Rate' expressed as Gy/s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Gray per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GRAY-PER-SEC
ucumCode: Gy.s-1
unitSymbol: Gy/s
elucidation: "Gray per Second" is a unit for 'Absorbed Dose Rate' expressed as Gy/s. -- QUDT

RoentgeniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the roentgenium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Rg
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the roentgenium atom.

ISQDerivedQuantity
type: Class
comment: Derived quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ).
elucidation: Derived quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ).

PerLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLength'.

ArgonAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for argon.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 39.948
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 18
elucidation: Atom subclass for argon.

IonAtom
type: Class
comment: The ion_atom is the basic part of a pure ionic bonded compound i.e. without eclectron sharing,
comment: A standalone atom with an unbalanced number of electrons with respect to its atomic number.
elucidation: A standalone atom with an unbalanced number of electrons with respect to its atomic number.

ArithmeticExpression
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  complement of: Restriction
example: 2+2

isOvercrossedBy
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The inverse relation for overcrosses.
elucidation: The inverse relation for overcrosses.

isSignFor
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The inverse relation of hasSign.
elucidation: The inverse relation of hasSign.

MutualInductance
type: Class
comment: Given an electric current in a thin conducting loop and the linked flux caused by that electric current in another loop, the mutual inductance of the two loops is the linked flux divided by the electric current.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78101401
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-41.2
elucidation: Given an electric current in a thin conducting loop and the linked flux caused by that electric current in another loop, the mutual inductance of the two loops is the linked flux divided by the electric current.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04076

QuantumData
type: Class
comment: Data that are expressed through quantum mechanical principles, and that can have several values ​​/ be in several states in the same place at the same time (quantum superposition), each of them with a certain probability.
elucidation: Data that are expressed through quantum mechanical principles, and that can have several values ​​/ be in several states in the same place at the same time (quantum superposition), each of them with a certain probability.

RelativePressureCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Relative change of pressure with temperature at constant volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativePressureCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74761852
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-3.3
elucidation: Relative change of pressure with temperature at constant volume.

JouleSquareMetrePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: Joule square metre per kilogram.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-M2-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: J.m2.kg-1
unitSymbol: j⋅m²/kg
elucidation: Joule square metre per kilogram.

ArrayData
type: Class
comment: In the EMMO we use the following JSON based syntax to represent arrays: - mono-dimensional array [v1,v2,...,vn] (vector) - bi-dimensional array [[v1,v2,...,vn],[w1,w2,...,2n]] (matrix) This notation can be extended to multidimensional arrays.
comment: An array is a datatype representing an ordered collection of elements (or values) that can be accessed by indexes. Arrays have an analog mathematical counterpart in vectors and matrixes, but are separate concepts. Arrays may be multidimensionals.
subclass of: Restriction
conceptualisation: An array is a datatype representing an ordered collection of elements (or values) that can be accessed by indexes. Arrays have an analog mathematical counterpart in vectors and matrixes, but are separate concepts. Arrays may be multidimensionals.
comment: The structure of an array is expressed mereologically. It consists of a set of equally sized tiles. The tiles of an n-dimensional array are (n-1) dimensional arrays. The tiles of an (n-1)-dimensional array are (n-2) dimensional arrays, and so forth down to 1-dimensional arrays (vectors), whos tiles are scalar data.
comment: The `hasSpatialTile` relation can be used to navigate between the dimensions of an array. The `hasScalarData` relation can be used to refer to the basic scalar data of the single array elements.

ElectricFluxDensity
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity obtained at a given point by adding the electric polarization P to the product of the electric field strength E and the electric constant ε0.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ElectricDisplacement
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricDisplacementField
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371907
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-12
elucidation: Vector quantity obtained at a given point by adding the electric polarization P to the product of the electric field strength E and the electric constant ε0.

qualified cardinality: 1

hasIUPAC2016AtomicMass
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The mass of an atomic element according to IUPAC 2016.
comment: This is a convenient shortcut for the measurement process process of the atomic mass reported by IUPAC2016.
range: decimal
elucidation: The mass of an atomic element according to IUPAC 2016.

LanthanumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for lanthanum.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 57
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 138.90547
elucidation: Atom subclass for lanthanum.

RichardsonConstant
type: Class
comment: Parameter in the expression for the thermionic emission current density J for a metal in terms of the thermodynamic temperature T and work function.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RichardsonConstant
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105883079
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-26
elucidation: Parameter in the expression for the thermionic emission current density J for a metal in terms of the thermodynamic temperature T and work function.

Volume
type: Class
comment: Extent of an object in space.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Volume
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39297
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Volume
ISO80000Reference: 3-4
elucidation: Extent of an object in space.

TotalCurrent
type: Class
comment: Sum of electric current and displacement current
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalCurrent
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77679732
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-19.2
elucidation: Sum of electric current and displacement current

AreaTimeTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTimeTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTimeTemperature'.

Entropy
type: Class
comment: Logarithmic measure of the number of available states of a system.
comment: May also be referred to as a measure of order of a system.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Entropy
ISO80000Reference: 5-18
elucidation: Logarithmic measure of the number of available states of a system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02149

AlphaDisintegrationEnergy
type: Class
comment: Sum of the kinetic energy of the α-particle produced in the disintegration process and the recoil energy of the product atom in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AlphaDisintegrationEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98146025
ISO80000Reference: 10-32
elucidation: Sum of the kinetic energy of the α-particle produced in the disintegration process and the recoil energy of the product atom in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration.

hasAtomicNumber
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The atomic number of an atomic element.
comment: This is a convenient shortcut for the conventional declaration process of assigning an atomic number to an atom subclass.
range: integer
elucidation: The atomic number of an atomic element.

ThermalDiffusivity
type: Class
comment: Quotient of thermal conductivity and the product of mass density and specific heat capacity.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ThermalDiffusionCoefficient
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalDiffusivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3381809
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-14
elucidation: Quotient of thermal conductivity and the product of mass density and specific heat capacity.

BeginStep
type: Class
comment: An initial step of a workflow.
comment: There may be more than one begin task, if they run in parallel.
elucidation: An initial step of a workflow.

InjectionMolding
type: Class

WaveVector
type: Class
comment: Vector k in the expression ω t−k⋅r+ϑ0 of the phase of a sinusoidal wave.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657009
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-21
elucidation: Vector k in the expression ω t−k⋅r+ϑ0 of the phase of a sinusoidal wave.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_vector

ThermalConductanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductance'.

LithiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the lithium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Li
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the lithium atom.

ShearStrain
type: Class
comment: Displacement of one surface with respect to another divided by the distance between them.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ShearStrain
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561704
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-17.3
elucidation: Displacement of one surface with respect to another divided by the distance between them.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05637

CapacitancePerLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'CapacitancePerLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+4 L-1 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'CapacitancePerLength'.

hasEndTask
type: ObjectProperty

StaticFrictionCoefficient
type: Class
alternative label: CoefficientOfStaticFriction
alternative label: StaticFrictionFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73695673
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-23.1

LinearAttenuationCoefficient
type: Class
comment: In nuclear physics, fraction of interacting particles per distance traversed in a given material.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98583077
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-49
elucidation: In nuclear physics, fraction of interacting particles per distance traversed in a given material.

LarmonFrequency
type: Class
comment: Quotient of Larmor angular frequency and 2π.
ISO80000Reference: 10-15.2
elucidation: Quotient of Larmor angular frequency and 2π.

MolePerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Moles per square metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2
ucumCode: mol.m-2
unitSymbol: mol/m²
elucidation: SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area. -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: mereological
etymology: Coined by Stanisław Leśniewski in 1927, from Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”) +‎ -logy (“study, discussion, science”). https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mereology

hasInput
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The input of a process.
elucidation: The input of a process.

Gel
type: Class
comment: A soft, solid or solid-like colloid consisting of two or more components, one of which is a liquid, present in substantial quantity.
elucidation: A soft, solid or solid-like colloid consisting of two or more components, one of which is a liquid, present in substantial quantity.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8587:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by shear stress.

PhaseSpeedOfElectromagneticWaves
type: Class
comment: Angular frequency divided by angular wavenumber.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticWavePhaseSpeed
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77990619
ISO80000Reference: 6-35.1
elucidation: Angular frequency divided by angular wavenumber.

CubicKiloMetrePerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: `Cubic Kilometer per Square Second` is a unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as km³/s². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Kilometre per Square Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloM3-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: km3.s-2
ucumCode: km3/s2
unitSymbol: km³/s²
elucidation: `Cubic Kilometer per Square Second` is a unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as km³/s². -- QUDT

Unknown
type: Class
comment: The dependent variable for which an equation has been written.
example: Velocity, for the Navier-Stokes equation.
elucidation: The dependent variable for which an equation has been written.

Gray
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of radiation dose. Radiation carries energy, and when it is absorbed by matter the matter receives this energy. The dose is the amount of energy deposited per unit of mass. One gray is defined to be the dose of one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter, or 100 rad. The unit is named for the British physician L. Harold Gray (1905-1965), an authority on the use of radiation in the treatment of cancer. -- QUDT
comment: SI unit for absorbed dose.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Gy
uneceCommonCode: A95
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GRAY
ucumCode: Gy
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grey
elucidation: SI unit for absorbed dose.
wikipediaReference: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey?oldid=494774160
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02696

SlowingDownLength
type: Class
comment: Square root of the slowing down area.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Slowing-DownLength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98996963
ISO80000Reference: 10-73.1
elucidation: Square root of the slowing down area.

isDescriptionFor
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The inverse relation of hasDescription.
elucidation: The inverse relation of hasDescription.

SecondPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Second per metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC-PER-M
ucumCode: s.m-1
unitSymbol: s/m
elucidation: Second per metre.

StandardAbsoluteActivityOfSolvent
type: Class
comment: For solvent A, standard absolute activity of the pure substance A at the same temperature and at a standard pressure.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89556185
ISO80000Reference: 9-27.3
elucidation: For solvent A, standard absolute activity of the pure substance A at the same temperature and at a standard pressure.

StandaloneAtom
type: Class
comment: An atom that does not share electrons with other atoms.
comment: A standalone atom can be bonded with other atoms by intermolecular forces (i.e. dipole–dipole, London dispersion force, hydrogen bonding), since this bonds does not involve electron sharing.
elucidation: An atom that does not share electrons with other atoms.

SpecificHelmholtzEnergy
type: Class
comment: Helmholtz energy per unit mass.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificHelmholtzEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76359554
ISO80000Reference: 5-21.4
elucidation: Helmholtz energy per unit mass.

ResistanceToAlternativeCurrent
type: Class
comment: Real part of the impedance.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048490
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-51.2
elucidation: Real part of the impedance.

ExaPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "exa" (1e18).
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+18
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "exa" (1e18).

IsochoricHeatCapacity
type: Class
comment: Heat capacity at constant volume.
alternative label: HeatCapacityAtConstantVolume
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112187521
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-16.3
elucidation: Heat capacity at constant volume.

ElectricFluxUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFlux'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+3 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFlux'.

DateData
type: Class
comment: A data representing a date.
elucidation: A data representing a date.

NewtonCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit newton and the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-02
alternative label: Newton Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-CentiM
ucumCode: N.cm
unitSymbol: N⋅cm
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit newton and the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

AmountPerMassTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassTime'.

GramDegreeCelsius
type: Class
comment: `Gram Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Mass Temperature' expressed as g · degC. -- QUDT
alternative label: Gram Degree Celsius
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-DEG_C
ucumCode: d.Cel-1
unitSymbol: g/°C
elucidation: `Gram Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Mass Temperature' expressed as g · degC. -- QUDT

VolumicTotalCrossSection
type: Class
comment: Product of the number density na of the atoms and the cross section σ_tot for a given type of atoms.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MacroscopicTotalCrossSection
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MacroscopicTotalCrossSection
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98280548
ISO80000Reference: 10-42.2
elucidation: Product of the number density na of the atoms and the cross section σ_tot for a given type of atoms.

DirectionAndEnergyDistributionOfCrossSection
type: Class
comment: Partial differential quotient of the cross section of a process with respect to the solid angle around a given direction and the energy of a particle scattered in that direction.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpectralAngularCrossSection
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98269571
ISO80000Reference: 10-41
elucidation: Partial differential quotient of the cross section of a process with respect to the solid angle around a given direction and the energy of a particle scattered in that direction.

SecondPerRadianCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Second per radian and cubic metre unit.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC-PER-RAD-M3
ucumCode: s.rad-1.m-3
unitSymbol: s/rad⋅m³
elucidation: Second per radian and cubic metre unit.

BlowMolding
type: Class

AngularVelocity
type: Class
comment: Axial vector quantity describing the rotation around an axis, with magnitude ω=|dφ/dt|, where dφ is the plane angle change during the infinitesimal time interval with duration dt, and with direction along the axis for which the rotation is clockwise.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularVelocity
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Angular_velocity
ISO80000Reference: 3-12
elucidation: Axial vector quantity describing the rotation around an axis, with magnitude ω=|dφ/dt|, where dφ is the plane angle change during the infinitesimal time interval with duration dt, and with direction along the axis for which the rotation is clockwise.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_velocity

JoulePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: Joule Per Kilogram} (J/kg) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat capacity. It is also known as `joule/kilogram`, `joules per kilogram`. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. The unit has a dimension of L2T⁻² where L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Joule per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: J.kg-1
ucumCode: J/kg
unitSymbol: J/kg
elucidation: Joule Per Kilogram} (J/kg) is a unit in the category of Thermal heat capacity. It is also known as `joule/kilogram`, `joules per kilogram`. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. The unit has a dimension of L2T⁻² where L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

PerLengthTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTemperature'.

AluminiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for aluminium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 26.9815385
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 13
elucidation: Atom subclass for aluminium.

MolarMass
type: Class
comment: Mass per amount of substance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarMass
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145623
ISO80000Reference: 9-4
elucidation: Mass per amount of substance.

Micro
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-6.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: μ
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-6.

AmpereSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of electromagnetic moment. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Ampere Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-M2
ucumCode: A.m2
unitSymbol: A⋅m²
elucidation: The SI unit of electromagnetic moment. -- QUDT

IsentropicCompressibility
type: Class
comment: Quantity characterizing the relative variation of volume V with pressure p at constant entropy.
comment: The coherent SI unit of isentropic compressibility is pascal to the power minus one, 1/Pa.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IsentropicCompressibility
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990695
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-5.2
elucidation: Quantity characterizing the relative variation of volume V with pressure p at constant entropy.

hasVariable
type: ObjectProperty

LanguageData
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: language

HafniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for hafnium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 178.49
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 72
elucidation: Atom subclass for hafnium.

contacts
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
comment: An interaction that is the sum of direct causality relations between two entities that are interpretable as fundamental physical interactions.
comment: Spatial contact is symmetric and irreflexive.
comment: A spatial contact between two entities occurs when the two entities are in an interaction relation whose causal structure is a representation of the fundamental interactions between elementary particles (Feynman diagrams). It means that if two entities are in contact, then there is at least a couple of elementary particles, one part of the first and one part of the second, interacting according to one of the fundamental interactions through virtual particles. This kind of connection is space-like (i.e. interconnecting force carrier particle is offshelf). Contacts between two entities exclude the possibility of other causal relations that are not included in a fundamental space-like interaction.
alternative label: hasSpatialnteractionWith
example: The laptop is in contact with the desk, since there is a double-directional causality.
example: An elementary electron is in contact with another elementary electron in a scattering process.
conceptualisation: A spatial contact between two entities occurs when the two entities are in an interaction relation whose causal structure is a representation of the fundamental interactions between elementary particles (Feynman diagrams). It means that if two entities are in contact, then there is at least a couple of elementary particles, one part of the first and one part of the second, interacting according to one of the fundamental interactions through virtual particles. This kind of connection is space-like (i.e. interconnecting force carrier particle is offshelf). Contacts between two entities exclude the possibility of other causal relations that are not included in a fundamental space-like interaction.
elucidation: An interaction that is the sum of direct causality relations between two entities that are interpretable as fundamental physical interactions.
comment: The contact relation is not an ordering relation since is symmetric.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Perspective
etymology: From medieval Latin perspectiva ‘(science of) optics’, from perspect- ‘looked at closely’, from the verb perspicere, from per- ‘through’ + specere ‘to look’.

SurfaceTension
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: 4-26
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceTension
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170749
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06192

AnalogicalIcon
type: Class
comment: An icon that represents the internal logical structure of the object.
comment: An icon that focus on HOW the object works.
example: Electrical diagram is diagrammatic and resemblance
example: A physics equation is replicating the mechanisms internal to the object.
example: MODA and CHADA are diagrammatic representation of a simulation or a characterisation workflow.
elucidation: An icon that represents the internal logical structure of the object.
comment: The subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy (with the same logic) the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart).

MultiParticlePath
type: Class
comment: An multi-particle path is a causal path of quantum entities of different type, following the causal connection between an initial quantum up to the final one, regardless on the fact that causality is passing through elementary particles of different types. For example, a path starting from an elementary photon, then through the electron with which it scatter, and then trough a positron with which the electron collides.
comment: A chausal path whose quantum parts belongs to at least two different standard model fundamental types.
conceptualisation: An multi-particle path is a causal path of quantum entities of different type, following the causal connection between an initial quantum up to the final one, regardless on the fact that causality is passing through elementary particles of different types. For example, a path starting from an elementary photon, then through the electron with which it scatter, and then trough a positron with which the electron collides.
elucidation: A chausal path whose quantum parts belongs to at least two different standard model fundamental types.

Numeral
type: Class
comment: Symbol representing a letter in a digit.
elucidation: Symbol representing a letter in a digit.

qualified cardinality: 1

PhaseAngle
type: Class
comment: Angular measure between the positive real axis and the radius of the polar representation of the complex number in the complex plane.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415829
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-7
elucidation: Angular measure between the positive real axis and the radius of the polar representation of the complex number in the complex plane.

hasEndTile
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only ingoing temporal connections.
alternative label: hasTemporalLast
elucidation: The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only ingoing temporal connections.

GenericPhysicalSystem
type: Class
comment: A causal system posessing bonding that can not be representated by a simple Feynman diagram.
elucidation: A causal system posessing bonding that can not be representated by a simple Feynman diagram.

isInputOf
type: ObjectProperty

QuarticCoulombMetrePerCubicEnergy
type: Class
comment: "Quartic Coulomb Meter per Cubic Energy" is a unit for 'Quartic Electric Dipole Moment Per Cubic Energy' expressed as C⁴ m⁴ J⁻³. -- QUDT
alternative label: Quartic Coulomb Metre per Cubic Energy
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C4-M4-PER-J3
ucumCode: C4.m4/J3
ucumCode: C4.m4.J-3
unitSymbol: C⁴m⁴/J³
elucidation: "Quartic Coulomb Meter per Cubic Energy" is a unit for 'Quartic Electric Dipole Moment Per Cubic Energy' expressed as C⁴ m⁴ J⁻³. -- QUDT

CeriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the cerium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ce
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the cerium atom.

PlanckConstant
type: Class
comment: The quantum of action. It defines the kg base unit in the SI system.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/PlanckConstant
elucidation: The quantum of action. It defines the kg base unit in the SI system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04685

WattPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Watt Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M3
ucumCode: W.m-3
unitSymbol: W/m³
elucidation: SI derived unit watt divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

Experiment
type: Class
comment: An experiment is a process that is intended to replicate a physical phenomenon in a controlled environment.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: An experiment is a process that is intended to replicate a physical phenomenon in a controlled environment.

Sievert
type: Class
comment: SI unit for equivalent doseof ionizing radiation. Sievert is derived from absorbed dose, but takes into account the biological effectiveness of the radiation, which is dependent on the radiation type and energy.
comment: Although the sievert has the same dimensions as the gray (i.e. joules per kilogram), it measures a different quantity. To avoid any risk of confusion between the absorbed dose and the equivalent dose, the corresponding special units, namely the gray instead of the joule per kilogram for absorbed dose and the sievert instead of the joule per kilogram for the dose equivalent, should be used. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Sv
uneceCommonCode: D13
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SV
ucumCode: Sv
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sievert
elucidation: SI unit for equivalent doseof ionizing radiation. Sievert is derived from absorbed dose, but takes into account the biological effectiveness of the radiation, which is dependent on the radiation type and energy.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_dose
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sievert
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05658

LanthanumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the lanthanum atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: La
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the lanthanum atom.

TemperaturePerMagneticFluxDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerMagneticFluxDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerMagneticFluxDensity'.

overcrosses
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
comment: The relation between an entity that overlaps another without being its part.
elucidation: The relation between an entity that overlaps another without being its part.

RatioOfSpecificHeatCapacities
type: Class
comment: Ratio of specific heat capacity at constant pressure cp to specific heat capacity at constant volume cV, thus γ = cp/cV.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HeatCapacityRatio
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503869
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-17.1
elucidation: Ratio of specific heat capacity at constant pressure cp to specific heat capacity at constant volume cV, thus γ = cp/cV.

FormingFromChip
type: Class

Weight
type: Class
comment: Force of gravity acting on a body.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Weight
ISO80000Reference: 4-9.2
elucidation: Force of gravity acting on a body.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06668

hasPrefixMultiplier
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Relates a SI prefixed unit to the multiplication factor corresponding to the prefix.
range: double
elucidation: Relates a SI prefixed unit to the multiplication factor corresponding to the prefix.

PartialComposition
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction

Axiom
see also: DIN 8580:2022-12
annotated target: Manufacturing by changing the properties of the material of which a workpiece is made, which is done, among other things, by changes in the submicroscopic or atomic range, e.g. by diffusion of atoms, generation and movement of dislocations in the atomic lattice or chemical reactions, and where unavoidable changes in shape are not part of the essence of these processes.

RevolutionPerMinute
type: Class
comment: "Revolution per Minute" is a unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as rev/min. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.047198e-01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Revolution per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/REV-PER-MIN
ucumCode: {#}.min-1
unitSymbol: rev/min
elucidation: "Revolution per Minute" is a unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as rev/min. -- QUDT

TerbiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the terbium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Tb
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the terbium atom.

QualityFactor
type: Class
comment: Factor taking into account health effects in the determination of the dose equivalent.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DoseEquivalentQualityFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122099
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-82
elucidation: Factor taking into account health effects in the determination of the dose equivalent.

seeAlso
comment: Indicate a resource that might provide additional information about the subject resource.
comment: EMMO applies the naming convension to its sub-properties of rdfs:seeAlso that their label must end with one of the following terms: - 'Match': resolvable URLs to corresponding entity in another ontology - 'Entry': resolvable URLs to a human readable resource describing the subject - 'Ref': non-resolvable reference to a human readable resource describing the subject

RubidiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the rubidium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Rb
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the rubidium atom.

ThermodynamicGrueneisenParameter
type: Class
comment: A dimensionless thermodynamic parameter named after German physicist Eduard Grüneisen.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105658620
ISO80000Reference: 12-13
elucidation: A dimensionless thermodynamic parameter named after German physicist Eduard Grüneisen.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCneisen_parameter

FermiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for fermium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 257.09511
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 100
elucidation: Atom subclass for fermium.

PorcelainOrCeramicCasting
type: Class

CubicDeciMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Decimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3
ucumCode: dm3
unitSymbol: dm³
elucidation: 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

SiliconSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the silicon atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Si
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the silicon atom.

SurfaceDensityOfElectricCharge
type: Class
comment: The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the area.
alternative label: AreicElectricCharge
alternative label: SurfaceChargeDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12799324
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-4
elucidation: The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the area.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06159

hasQualifiedPart
type: ObjectProperty

WattSecond
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit watt and SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Watt Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-SEC
ucumCode: W.s
unitSymbol: W⋅s
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit watt and SI base unit second -- QUDT

Frequency
type: Class
comment: Number of periods per time interval.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Frequency
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11652
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-15.1
elucidation: Number of periods per time interval.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.FT07383

MicroOhm
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroOHM
ucumCode: uOhm
unitSymbol: μΩ
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT

Spray
type: Class
comment: A suspension of liquid droplets dispersed in a gas through an atomization process.
elucidation: A suspension of liquid droplets dispersed in a gas through an atomization process.

Axiom
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Technology refers to methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes.

DisplacementCurrentDensity
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity equal to the time derivative of the electric flux density.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DisplacementCurrentDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77614612
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-18
elucidation: Vector quantity equal to the time derivative of the electric flux density.

ThermalSprayingForming
type: Class

TightlyCoupledModelsSimulation
type: Class
comment: A simulation in which more than one model are solved together with a coupled method.
example: Solving within the same linear system the discretised form of the pressure and momentum equation for a fluid, using the ideal gas law as material relation for connecting pressure to density.
elucidation: A simulation in which more than one model are solved together with a coupled method.

Femto
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-15.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-15
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: f
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-15.

SIAcceptedDerivedUnit
type: Class
comment: Defived units that are accepted to be used with SI.
elucidation: Defived units that are accepted to be used with SI.

Axiom
see also: EN 10028-1:2017-07
annotated target: heat treatment consisting of heating and soaking at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling under conditions such that, after return to ambient temperature, the metal will be in a structural state closer to that of equilibrium

NewtonSquareMetrePerSquareKilogram
type: Class
comment: unit of gravitational constant as product of the derived SI unit newton, the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the power of the SI base unit kilogram with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton Square Metre Per Square Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M2-PER-KiloGM2
ucumCode: N.m2.kg-2
unitSymbol: N⋅m²/kg²
elucidation: unit of gravitational constant as product of the derived SI unit newton, the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 divided by the power of the SI base unit kilogram with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

Tile
type: Class
comment: A causal object that is direct part of a tessellation.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A causal object that is direct part of a tessellation.

ActivityDensity
type: Class
comment: Activity per unit volume of the sample.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: VolumetricActivity
alternative label: ActivityConcentration
alternative label: VolumicActivity
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActivityConcentration
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423263
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-29
elucidation: Activity per unit volume of the sample.

NobeliumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the nobelium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: No
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the nobelium atom.

ClassicallyDefinedMaterial
type: Class
equivalent class: Class

IntrinsicCarrierDensity
type: Class
comment: Square root of the product of electron and hole density in a semiconductor.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IntinsicCarrierDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303188
ISO80000Reference: 12-29.3
elucidation: Square root of the product of electron and hole density in a semiconductor.

ISQBaseQuantity
type: Class
comment: Base quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ).
elucidation: Base quantities defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ).
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Quantities

RotationalDisplacement
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the traversed circular path length of a point in space during a rotation and its distance from the axis or centre of rotation.
alternative label: AngularDisplacement
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305038
ISO80000Reference: 3-6
elucidation: Quotient of the traversed circular path length of a point in space during a rotation and its distance from the axis or centre of rotation.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_displacement

ShearForming
type: Class
comment: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by shear stress.
alternative label: Schubumformen

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Wholistic
etymology: From the word 'holistic' with the 'w-' prefix, due to the affinity with the existing word 'whole', that share the same meaning of 'holos'.

CubicMetrePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific volume. It is also known as cubic meters per kilogram, cubic metre per kilogram, cubic metres per kilogram, cubic meter/kilogram, cubic metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) has a dimension of M-1L3 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: m3.kg-1
ucumCode: m3/kg
unitSymbol: m³/kg
elucidation: Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) is a unit in the category of Specific volume. It is also known as cubic meters per kilogram, cubic metre per kilogram, cubic metres per kilogram, cubic meter/kilogram, cubic metre/kilogram. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Cubic Meter Per Kilogram (m3/kg) has a dimension of M-1L3 where M is mass, and L is length. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

MicroNewtonMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the product out of the derived SI newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: Micronewton Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroN-M
ucumCode: uN.m
unitSymbol: μN⋅m
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the product out of the derived SI newton and the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

EmpiricalSimulationSoftware
type: Class
comment: A computational application that uses an empiric equation to predict the behaviour of a system without relying on the knowledge of the actual physical phenomena occurring in the object.
elucidation: A computational application that uses an empiric equation to predict the behaviour of a system without relying on the knowledge of the actual physical phenomena occurring in the object.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: CausalPath
etymology: From Ancient Greek πάτος (pátos, “path”).

ElectricReactance
type: Class
comment: The opposition of a circuit element to a change in current or voltage, due to that element's inductance or capacitance.
comment: The imaginary part of the impedance.
alternative label: Reactance
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Reactance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193972
ISO80000Reference: 6-51.3
elucidation: The opposition of a circuit element to a change in current or voltage, due to that element's inductance or capacitance.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_reactance
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05162

MolarInternalEnergy
type: Class
comment: Internal energy per amount of substance.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88523106
ISO80000Reference: 9-6.1
elucidation: Internal energy per amount of substance.

JunctionTile
type: Class
comment: A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole hybridly in spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal parts.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole hybridly in spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal parts.

CondensedMatterPhysicsQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-12.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-12.

PerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: "Per Cubic Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m³. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Reciprocal Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M3
ucumCode: /m3
ucumCode: m-3
unitSymbol: /m³
elucidation: "Per Cubic Meter" is a denominator unit with dimensions /m³. -- QUDT

CommercialProduct
type: Class
comment: An product that is ready for commercialisation.
alternative label: Product
elucidation: An product that is ready for commercialisation.

DiffusionArea
type: Class
comment: One-sixth of the mean square distance between the point where a neutron enters a specified class and the point where it leaves this class.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DiffusionArea
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98966292
ISO80000Reference: 10-72.2
elucidation: One-sixth of the mean square distance between the point where a neutron enters a specified class and the point where it leaves this class.

MetrePerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Metre per Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-K
ucumCode: m/K
unitSymbol: m/k
elucidation: Metre per Kelvin.

ComputerScience
type: Class
comment: A well-formed formula that follows the syntactic rules of computer science.
comment: A well-formed formula in computer science may be or not be interpreted by a computer. For example pseudo-code is only intended for human consumption.
elucidation: A well-formed formula that follows the syntactic rules of computer science.

MendeleviumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the mendelevium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Md
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the mendelevium atom.

NameData
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: Name

NonPositiveIntegerData
type: Class
comment: A data representing an integer number <= 0.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: nonPositiveInteger
elucidation: A data representing an integer number <= 0.

MassChangeRate
type: Class
comment: Mass increment per time.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92020547
ISO80000Reference: 4-30.3
elucidation: Mass increment per time.

Axiom
see also: ISO 13574:2015-02
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Process for removing unwanted residual or waste material from a given product or material

FormingFromPlastic
type: Class

TransientLiquidPhaseSintering
type: Class

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Boson
etymology: 1940s: named after S.N. Bose.

SquareCentiMetreMinute
type: Class
comment: "Square centimeter minute" is a unit for 'Area Time' expressed as cm² . m. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 6e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Centimetre Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2-MIN
ucumCode: cm2.min
unitSymbol: cm²m
elucidation: "Square centimeter minute" is a unit for 'Area Time' expressed as cm² . m. -- QUDT

Attenuation
type: Class
comment: Decrease in magnitude of any kind of flux through a medium.
alternative label: Extinction
ISO80000Reference: 3-26.1
elucidation: Decrease in magnitude of any kind of flux through a medium.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00515

ElectrolyticConductivity
type: Class
comment: Electric conductivity of an electrolyte.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectrolyticConductivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907564
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 9-44
elucidation: Electric conductivity of an electrolyte.

PerMetreSecond
type: Class
comment: Per metre and second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalMetreSecond
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-SEC
ucumCode: m-1.s-1
unitSymbol: /(m⋅s)
elucidation: Per metre and second.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Crystal
etymology: From Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”).

DeepDrawing
type: Class
comment: Forming of vessel parts from a flat mould into a three-dimensional shape by means of a press and tools, whereby material is neither removed nor added
alternative label: Tiefziehen

MesoscopicSubstance
type: Class

Probability
type: Class
comment: The propability for a certain outcome, is the ratio between the number of events leading to the given outcome and the total number of events.
comment: Probability is a dimensionless quantity that can attain values between 0 and 1; zero denotes the impossible event and 1 denotes a certain event.
elucidation: Probability is a dimensionless quantity that can attain values between 0 and 1; zero denotes the impossible event and 1 denotes a certain event.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04855

Molality
type: Class
comment: quotient of the amount of substance nB of solute B by the mass m of the solvent: bB = nB / m.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: AmountPerMass
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172623
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 9-15
elucidation: quotient of the amount of substance nB of solute B by the mass m of the solvent: bB = nB / m.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03970

Diameter
type: Class
comment: The diameter of a circle or a sphere is twice its radius.
comment: maximal distance of two points of an object, in a given direction or along a straight line passing through the centre.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Diameter
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Diameter
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.5
elucidation: maximal distance of two points of an object, in a given direction or along a straight line passing through the centre.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diameter

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Engineered
etymology: From Latin ingenium "innate qualities, ability; inborn character," in Late Latin "a war engine, battering ram"; literally "that which is inborn," from in- ("in") + gignere ("give birth, beget").

GyromagneticRatio
type: Class
comment: Ratio of magnetic dipole moment to total angular momentum.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: GyromagneticCoefficient
alternative label: MagnetogyricRatio
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/GyromagneticRatio
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634552
ISO80000Reference: 10-12.1
elucidation: Ratio of magnetic dipole moment to total angular momentum.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03693

Property
type: Class
comment: A property is atomic in the sense that is aimed to deliver one and one only aspect of the object according to one code, such as the color with one sign (e.g., black) or a quantitiative property (e.g., 1.4 kg).
comment: A coded that makes use of an atomic symbol with respect to the code used to refer to the interaction.
subclass of: Restriction
example: Hardness is a subclass of properties. Vickers hardness is a subclass of hardness that involves the procedures and instruments defined by the standard hardness test.
example: The name "red" which is atomic in the code made of the list of colors.
elucidation: A coded that makes use of an atomic symbol with respect to the code used to refer to the interaction.

MagneticFluxUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFlux'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFlux'.

FloatingPointData
type: Class
comment: A symbolic data representing a numerical floating point value.
elucidation: A symbolic data representing a numerical floating point value.

SquareCentiMetreSecond
type: Class
comment: "Square Centimeter Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Area Time' expressed as cm² . s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-04
alternative label: Square Centimetre Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2-SEC
ucumCode: cm2.s
unitSymbol: cm²⋅s
elucidation: "Square Centimeter Second" is a C.G.S System unit for 'Area Time' expressed as cm² . s. -- QUDT

BerylliumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for beryllium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 4
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 9.0121831
elucidation: Atom subclass for beryllium.

CadmiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for cadmium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 48
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 112.414
elucidation: Atom subclass for cadmium.

ChlorineAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for chlorine.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 35.45
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 17
elucidation: Atom subclass for chlorine.

hasDatum
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a dataset to its datum.
elucidation: Relates a dataset to its datum.

ThermalResistance
type: Class
comment: Thermodynamic temperature difference divided by heat flow rate.
comment: The name “thermal resistance” and the symbol R are used in building technology to designate thermal insulance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalResistance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899628
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-12
elucidation: Thermodynamic temperature difference divided by heat flow rate.

TimeConstant
type: Class
comment: parameter characterizing the response to a step input of a first‑order, linear time‑invariant system
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335249
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-15
elucidation: parameter characterizing the response to a step input of a first‑order, linear time‑invariant system

Path
type: Class
comment: A path is a string of characters used to uniquely identify a location in a directory structure according to a particular convention.
example: /etc/fstab (UNIX-like path) C:\\Users\\John\\Desktop (DOS-like path)
elucidation: A path is a string of characters used to uniquely identify a location in a directory structure according to a particular convention.

Contrast
type: Class
comment: A perspective in which entities are represented according to the variation of their properties.
comment: A data is a causal object whose variations (non-uniformity) can be recognised and eventually interpreted. A data can be of different physical types (e.g., matter, wave, atomic excited states). How the variations are recognised and eventually decoded depends on the interpreting rules that characterise that type of data. Variations are pure physical variations and do not necessarily possess semantic meaning.
see also: Luciano Floridi, "Information - A very Short Introduction", Oxford University Press., (2010) ISBN 978-0199551378
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: Pattern
alternative label: Dedomena
elucidation: A perspective in which entities are represented according to the variation of their properties.
comment: The covering axiom that defines the data class discriminates within all the possible causal objects between encoded or non encoded.

Axiom
annotated property: isDefinedBy
annotated target: CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata”

Coupled
type: Class
equivalent class: Class

RealData
type: Class
comment: A data representing a real number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: real
elucidation: A data representing a real number.

Plasma
type: Class
comment: A fluid in which a gas is ionized to a level where its electrical conductivity allows long-range electric and magnetic fields to dominate its behaviour.
elucidation: A fluid in which a gas is ionized to a level where its electrical conductivity allows long-range electric and magnetic fields to dominate its behaviour.

DecayConstant
type: Class
comment: Disintegrations per unit time dN/dt for an atomic nucleus divided by the number of nuclei N existing at the same time t.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: DisintegrationConstant
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DecayConstant
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11477200
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-24
elucidation: Disintegrations per unit time dN/dt for an atomic nucleus divided by the number of nuclei N existing at the same time t.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01538

Mathematical
type: Class
comment: The class of general mathematical symbolic objects respecting mathematical syntactic rules.
comment: A mathematical object in this branch is not representing a concept but an actual graphical object built using mathematcal symbols arranged in some way, according to math conventions.
elucidation: The class of general mathematical symbolic objects respecting mathematical syntactic rules.

DeepFreezing
type: Class
comment: Treatment carried out after hardening or case hardening consisting of cooling to a temperature below room temperature to complete the transformation of austenite to martensite
alternative label: Tieftemperaturbehandeln
alternative label: Cryogenic treatment, Deep-freeze

Equation
type: Class
comment: The class of 'mathematical'-s that stand for a statement of equality between two mathematical expressions.
comment: An equation with variables can always be represented as: f(v0, v1, ..., vn) = g(v0, v1, ..., vn) where f is the left hand and g the right hand side expressions and v0, v1, ..., vn are the variables.
subclass of: Restriction
example: 2+3 = 5 x^2 +3x = 5x dv/dt = a sin(x) = y
elucidation: The class of 'mathematical'-s that stand for a statement of equality between two mathematical expressions.

GroupVelocity
type: Class
comment: Speed with which the envelope of a wave propagates in space.
alternative label: GroupSpeed
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217361
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Group_velocity
ISO80000Reference: 3-23.2
elucidation: Speed with which the envelope of a wave propagates in space.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_velocity

Shape4x3Matrix
type: Class
comment: A real matrix with shape 4x3.
elucidation: A real matrix with shape 4x3.

SizeDefinedMaterial
type: Class

AmountPerMassPressureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassPressure'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L+1 M-2 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerMassPressure'.

VoltagePhasor
type: Class
comment: Complex representation of an oscillating voltage.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/VoltagePhasor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78514605
ISO80000Reference: 6-50
elucidation: Complex representation of an oscillating voltage.

NonNegativeIntegerData
type: Class
comment: A data representing an integer number >= 0.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: nonNegativeInteger
elucidation: A data representing an integer number >= 0.

NumericData
type: Class
comment: A symbolic data representing a numerical value.
elucidation: A symbolic data representing a numerical value.

ParticleNumberDensity
type: Class
comment: Mean number of particles per volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleNumberDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98601569
ISO80000Reference: 10-62.1
elucidation: Mean number of particles per volume.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04262

MathematicalSymbol
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  complement of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class

DoubleData
type: Class
comment: A symbolic data representing a 64-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: double
elucidation: A symbolic data representing a 64-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN.

Thickness
type: Class
comment: Shortest distance between two surfaces limiting a layer, when this distance can be considered to be constant over a region of a finite size.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3589038
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.4
elucidation: Shortest distance between two surfaces limiting a layer, when this distance can be considered to be constant over a region of a finite size.

Milli
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1/1000.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: m
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1/1000.

Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO)
type: Ontology
comment: The EMMO should be reasoned in order to visualize all inferences and class hierarchy in Protege (ctrl+R hotkey). It is tested with both the HermiT (preferred) and HermiT reasoners.
abstract: Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO) EMMO is a multidisciplinary effort to develop a standard representational framework (the ontology) based on current materials modelling knowledge, including physical sciences, analytical philosophy and information and communication technologies. It provides the connection between the physical world, materials characterisation world and materials modelling world. EMMO is released under a Creative Commons license Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
alternative: EMMO
bibliographic citation: F. A. Zaccarini, C. Masolo, E. Ghedini, and S. Borgo. From Causation (and Parthood) to Time: The Case of EMMO (2023) doi: 10.3233/FAIA231120
contributor: Anne de Baas
contributor: Francesco A. Zaccarini
created: 2024-03
creator: Gerhard Goldbeck
creator: Emanuele Ghedini
creator: Georg J. Schmitz
creator: Adham Hashibon
creator: Jesper Friis
has format: turtle
issued: 2018-05-03
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
modified: 2024-03
publisher: EMMC ASBL
source: CWA 17815, Materials characterisation - Terminology, metadata and classification. Led by EMMC. 2017. https://www.cencenelec.eu/media/CEN-CENELEC/CWAs/ICT/cwa17815.pdf
source: European Commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, Baas, A., What makes a material function? - Let me compute the ways - Modelling in H2020 LEIT-NMBP programme materials and nanotechnology projects -Sixth version - Short version, Baas, A.(editor), Publications Office of the European Union, 2017, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/404734
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.6528495
status: First release candidate for v1.0.0 of the top-level ontology.
preferred namespace prefix: emmo
prior version: 1.0.0-beta7
version IRI: 1.0.0-rc1
version info: 1.0.0-rc1

FermiAnglularWaveNumber
type: Class
comment: Angular wavenumber of electrons in states on the Fermi sphere.
alternative label: FermiAnglularRepetency
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FermiAngularWavenumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105554303
ISO80000Reference: 12-9.2
elucidation: Angular wavenumber of electrons in states on the Fermi sphere.

ElectronMass
type: Class
comment: The rest mass of an electron.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ElectronMass
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02008

SolubilityProduct
type: Class
comment: For the dissociation of a salt AmBn → mA + nB, the solubility product is KSP = am(A) ⋅ an(B), where a is ionic activity and m and n are the stoichiometric numbers.
comment: Product of the ion activities of the ions resulting from the dissociation of a solute in a saturated solution, raised to powers equal to their stoichiometric numbers.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: SolubilityProductConstant
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11229788
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
elucidation: Product of the ion activities of the ions resulting from the dissociation of a solute in a saturated solution, raised to powers equal to their stoichiometric numbers.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05742

AmountPerAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerArea'.

GigaPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "giga" (1e9).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "giga" (1e9).

Pictorial
type: Class
comment: A 'Graphical' that stands for a real world object that shows a recognizable pictorial pattern without being necessarily associated to a symbolic language.
example: A drawing of a cat. A circle on a paper sheet. The Mona Lisa.
elucidation: A 'Graphical' that stands for a real world object that shows a recognizable pictorial pattern without being necessarily associated to a symbolic language.

3DPrinting
type: Class
comment: This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use.
comment: Fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology.
comment: fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology Note 1 to entry: This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing (3.1.2) and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use.
elucidation: Fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology.

StatisticalWeightOfSubsystem
type: Class
comment: Number of different microstates in a subsystem.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96207431
ISO80000Reference: 9-36.1
elucidation: Number of different microstates in a subsystem.

SurfaceMassDensity
type: Class
comment: at a given point on a two-dimensional domain of quasi-infinitesimal area dA, scalar quantity equal to the mass dm within the domain divided by the area dA, thus ρA = dm/dA.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: AreicMass
alternative label: SurfaceDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907514
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-5
elucidation: at a given point on a two-dimensional domain of quasi-infinitesimal area dA, scalar quantity equal to the mass dm within the domain divided by the area dA, thus ρA = dm/dA.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06167

EnergyImparted
type: Class
comment: Sum of energies deposited by ionizing radiation in a given volume.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyImparted
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99526944
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-80.1
elucidation: Sum of energies deposited by ionizing radiation in a given volume.

hasRedundantPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The superproperty of the all object property relations between a whole and its mereological parts of the same type.
comment: RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y))
example: A volume of water has redundand parts other volumes of water. All this volumes have holistic parts some water molecules.
definition: RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y))
elucidation: The superproperty of the all object property relations between a whole and its mereological parts of the same type.

ExactConstant
type: Class
comment: Physical constant used to define a unit system. Hence, when expressed in that unit system they have an exact value with no associated uncertainty.
elucidation: Physical constant used to define a unit system. Hence, when expressed in that unit system they have an exact value with no associated uncertainty.

SystemResource
type: Class
comment: Any physical or virtual component of limited availability within a computer system.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
alternative label: Resource
elucidation: Any physical or virtual component of limited availability within a computer system.

ThermalResistivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-1 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistivity'.

PlanckFunction
type: Class
comment: Ngative quotient of Gibbs energy and temperature.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PlanckFunction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76364998
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-23
elucidation: Ngative quotient of Gibbs energy and temperature.

isPartOf
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The inverse relation of hasPart.
elucidation: The inverse relation of hasPart.

hasConstituent
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between an object and one of its holistic part that contributes to the object under some spatial-based criteria.
elucidation: The relation between an object and one of its holistic part that contributes to the object under some spatial-based criteria.

DysprosiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for dysprosium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 66
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 162.5
elucidation: Atom subclass for dysprosium.

IlluminanceTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'IlluminanceTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'IlluminanceTime'.

DataBasedSimulationSoftware
type: Class
comment: A computational application that uses existing data to predict the behaviour of a system without providing a identifiable analogy with the original object.
elucidation: A computational application that uses existing data to predict the behaviour of a system without providing a identifiable analogy with the original object.

FermiTemperature
type: Class
comment: in the free electron model, the Fermi energy divided by the Boltzmann constant
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FermiTemperature
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105942324
ISO80000Reference: 12-28
elucidation: in the free electron model, the Fermi energy divided by the Boltzmann constant

ElectrolyticDeposition
type: Class

hasOutput
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The partial overlapping is required since the creating process is distinct with the process in which the output is used or consumed.
comment: The outcome of a process.
elucidation: The outcome of a process.

ConstructionLanguage
type: Class
comment: A computer language by which a human can specify an executable problem solution to a computer.
elucidation: A computer language by which a human can specify an executable problem solution to a computer.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_construction#Construction_languages

ScalarMeson
type: Class
comment: A meson with spin zero and even parity.
elucidation: A meson with spin zero and even parity.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_meson

OhmSquareMetrePerMetre
type: Class
comment: Ohm square metre per metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/OHM-M2-PER-M
ucumCode: Ohm2.m.m-1
unitSymbol: Ω⋅m²/m
elucidation: Ohm square metre per metre.

Grinding
type: Class
comment: Removal of material by means of rigid or flexible discs or belts containing abrasives.
alternative label: Schleifen

CubicDeciMetrePerHour
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-07
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Decimetre Per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-HR
ucumCode: dm3/h
ucumCode: dm3.h-1
unitSymbol: dm³/hr
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit hour -- QUDT

Voltage
type: Class
comment: The difference in electric potential between two points.
comment: Correspond to the work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between two points in a static electric field.
alternative label: ElectricPotentialDifference
alternative label: ElectricTension
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Voltage
ISO80000Reference: 6-11.3
elucidation: The difference in electric potential between two points.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00424
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06635

KelvinPerKelvin
type: Class
comment: SI base unit kelvin divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Kelvin Per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-K
ucumCode: K.K-1
unitSymbol: K/K
elucidation: SI base unit kelvin divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT

ElectricCharge
type: Class
comment: The physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Charge
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCharge
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1111
ISO80000Reference: 6-2
elucidation: The physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01923

isOutputOf
type: ObjectProperty

PowerAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+4 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerArea'.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8580:2022-12
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Verfestigen durch Umformen

MassEnergyTransferCoefficient
type: Class
comment: For ionizing uncharged particles of a given type and energy, the differential quotient of Rtr with respect to l. Where Rtr is the mean energy that is transferred to kinetic energy of charged particles by interactions of the uncharged particles of incident radiant energy R in traversing a distance l in the material of density rho, divided by rho and R
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassEnergyTransferCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99714619
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-87
elucidation: For ionizing uncharged particles of a given type and energy, the differential quotient of Rtr with respect to l. Where Rtr is the mean energy that is transferred to kinetic energy of charged particles by interactions of the uncharged particles of incident radiant energy R in traversing a distance l in the material of density rho, divided by rho and R

LithiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for lithium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 6.94
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3
elucidation: Atom subclass for lithium.

QuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Number describing a particular state of a quantum system.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/QuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232431
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.1
elucidation: Number describing a particular state of a quantum system.

PositiveIntegerData
type: Class
comment: A data representing an integer number > 0.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: positiveInteger
elucidation: A data representing an integer number > 0.

AngularMeasure
type: Class
comment: The abstract notion of angle.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Angle
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357788
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-5
elucidation: The abstract notion of angle.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00346

hasHolisticSpatialPart
type: ObjectProperty

ProtactiniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the protactinium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pa
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the protactinium atom.

JoulePerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) is a unit in the category of Entropy. It is also known as joules per kelvin, joule/kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) has a dimension of ML²T⁻²Q⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-K
ucumCode: J.K-1
unitSymbol: J/K
elucidation: Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) is a unit in the category of Entropy. It is also known as joules per kelvin, joule/kelvin. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Joule Per Kelvin (J/K) has a dimension of ML²T⁻²Q⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and Q is temperature. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

SquareMetrePerSquareHertz
type: Class
comment: Square metres per square Hertz.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-HZ2
ucumCode: m2.Hz-2
unitSymbol: m²/Hz²
elucidation: Square metres per square Hertz.

NewtonPerAmpere
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit newton divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton Per Ampere
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-A
ucumCode: N.A-1
unitSymbol: N/A
elucidation: SI derived unit newton divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT

Rate
type: Class
comment: Quotient of a quantity by a duration.
subclass of: Restriction
example: Activity Specific absorption rate (SAR) Rate of rise Sampling rate Modulation rate Fading rate Rain rate
IEVReference: 112-03-18
elucidation: Quotient of a quantity by a duration.

MassieuFunction
type: Class
comment: Negative quotient of Helmholtz energy and temperature.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassieuFunction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3077625
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-22
elucidation: Negative quotient of Helmholtz energy and temperature.

MagnetomotiveForce
type: Class
comment: Scalar line integral of the magnetic field strength along a closed path.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagnetomotiveForce
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266982
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-37.3
elucidation: Scalar line integral of the magnetic field strength along a closed path.

SerialWorkflow
type: Class
comment: A workflow whose tasks are tiles of a sequence.
elucidation: A workflow whose tasks are tiles of a sequence.

IntentionalProcess
type: Class
comment: A process occurring with the active participation of an agent that drives the process according to a specific objective (intention).
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Project
elucidation: A process occurring with the active participation of an agent that drives the process according to a specific objective (intention).

Datum
type: Class
comment: A self-consistent encoded data entity.
example: A character, a bit, a song in a CD.
elucidation: A self-consistent encoded data entity.

ArchetypeManufacturing
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing in which the product is a solid body with a well defined geometrical shape made from shapeless original material parts, whose cohesion is created during the process.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
alternative label: Urformen @de
alternative label: PrimitiveForming
elucidation: A manufacturing in which the product is a solid body with a well defined geometrical shape made from shapeless original material parts, whose cohesion is created during the process.

CaesiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for caesium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 132.90545196
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 55
elucidation: Atom subclass for caesium.

ParticlesSystem
type: Class
comment: A physically unbounded system is a combination of elementary particles chains tha may include also decays and/or annihilations, without any space-like interaction between elementary particles.
comment: A causal multipath system is a system made of causal paths that are not interacting between each others, or possibly merge and fork.
alternative label: NonInteractingSystem
elucidation: A causal multipath system is a system made of causal paths that are not interacting between each others, or possibly merge and fork.

OrdinaryMatter
type: Class
comment: Matter composed of only matter particles, excluding anti-matter particles.
elucidation: Matter composed of only matter particles, excluding anti-matter particles.

MassDefect
type: Class
comment: Sum of the product of the proton number and the hydrogen atomic mass, and the neutron rest mass, minus the rest mass of the atom.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassDefect
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26897126
ISO80000Reference: 10-21.2
elucidation: Sum of the product of the proton number and the hydrogen atomic mass, and the neutron rest mass, minus the rest mass of the atom.

MagneticDipoleMoment
type: Class
comment: For an atom or nucleus, this energy is quantized and can be written as: W = g μ M B where g is the appropriate g factor, μ is mostly the Bohr magneton or nuclear magneton, M is magnetic quantum number, and B is magnitude of the magnetic flux density. -- ISO 80000
comment: Vector quantity μ causing a change to its energy ΔW in an external magnetic field of field flux density B: ΔW = −μ · B
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticDipoleMoment
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-30
ISO80000Reference: 10-9.1
elucidation: Vector quantity μ causing a change to its energy ΔW in an external magnetic field of field flux density B: ΔW = −μ · B
iupacReference: http://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/M03688

PowderCoating
type: Class

ErbiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the erbium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Er
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the erbium atom.

RollingResistanceFactor
type: Class
comment: Quotient of tangential and normal component of the force applied to a body which is rolling at constant speed over a surface.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91738044
ISO80000Reference: 4-23.3
elucidation: Quotient of tangential and normal component of the force applied to a body which is rolling at constant speed over a surface.

AntimonyAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for antimony.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 121.76
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 51
elucidation: Atom subclass for antimony.

Hyperon
type: Class
comment: This form of matter may exist in a stable form within the core of some neutron stars.
comment: A baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm, bottom, or top quark.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm, bottom, or top quark.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperon

ChemicalName
type: Class

Axiom
see also: DIN 55405:2014-12
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Method of joining metallic materials with the aid of a molten filler metal (solder), optionally with the use of flow agents

CaesiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the caesium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cs
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the caesium atom.

SquareMetrePerVoltSecond
type: Class
comment: Square metre per volt second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-V-SEC
ucumCode: m2.V-1.s-1
unitSymbol: m²/(V⋅s)
elucidation: Square metre per volt second.

ElectricCurrentDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentDensity'.

DateTimeData
type: Class
comment: A data that represents instants of time, optionally marked with a particular time zone offset.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: dateTime
elucidation: A data that represents instants of time, optionally marked with a particular time zone offset.

PascalSecondPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: `Pascal Second Per Cubic Meter` (Pa-s/m³) is a unit in the category of Acoustic impedance. It is also known as `pascal-second/cubic meter`. It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Pascal Second Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-SEC-PER-M3
ucumCode: Pa.s.m-3
unitSymbol: Pa⋅s/m³
elucidation: `Pascal Second Per Cubic Meter` (Pa-s/m³) is a unit in the category of Acoustic impedance. It is also known as `pascal-second/cubic meter`. It has a dimension of ML⁻⁴T⁻¹ where M is mass, L is length, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

Assigned
type: Class

GoldAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for gold.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 79
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 196.966569
elucidation: Atom subclass for gold.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: ElementaryParticle
etymology: From Latin elementārius (“elementary”), from elementum (“one of the four elements of antiquity; fundamentals”).

CompositeBoson
type: Class
comment: A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental bosonic type (integer spin).
equivalent class: Class
example: Examples of composite particles with integer spin: spin 0: H1 and He4 in ground state, pion spin 1: H1 and He4 in first excited state, meson spin 2: O15 in ground state.
elucidation: A non-elementary particle (bonded) of a fundamental bosonic type (integer spin).

AstatineSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the astatine atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: At
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the astatine atom.

ContinuousCasting
type: Class

Vergence
type: Class
comment: In geometrical optics, vergence describes the curvature of optical wavefronts.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Curvature
elucidation: In geometrical optics, vergence describes the curvature of optical wavefronts.

min qualified cardinality: 2

Lethargy
type: Class
comment: Natural logarithm of the quotient of a reference energy and the kinetic energy of a neutron.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Lethargy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25508781
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-69
elucidation: Natural logarithm of the quotient of a reference energy and the kinetic energy of a neutron.

Axiom
annotated target: All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system.

AttoPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "atto" (1e-18).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-18
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "atto" (1e-18).

hasPortionPart
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: A part of an item is always non-maximal, meaning that is causally connected with the rest.
comment: A proper part relation with domain restricted to items.
definition: A proper part relation with domain restricted to items.

LossFactor
type: Class
comment: Inverse of the quality factor.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LossFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79468728
ISO80000Reference: 6-54
elucidation: Inverse of the quality factor.

DisplacementVector
type: Class
comment: In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion relative to its equilibrium position.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DisplacementVectorOfIon
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105533558
ISO80000Reference: 12-7.3
elucidation: In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion relative to its equilibrium position.

PascalMetre
type: Class
comment: Pascal metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M
ucumCode: Pa.m
unitSymbol: Pa⋅m
elucidation: Pascal metre.

ChemicalSymbol
type: Class
equivalent class: Class

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy loose-powder sintering, gravity sintering: sintering of uncompacted powder

PerMetreSteradian
type: Class
comment: Per metre and steradian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalMetreSteradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-SR
ucumCode: m-1.sr-1
unitSymbol: /(m⋅sr)
elucidation: Per metre and steradian.

NobeliumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for nobelium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 102
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 259.101
elucidation: Atom subclass for nobelium.

AmountFractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two amount of substance.
example: Unit for amount fraction.
elucidation: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two amount of substance.

AngularFrequency
type: Class
comment: Rate of change of the phase angle.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularFrequency
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Angular_frequency
ISO80000Reference: 3-18
elucidation: Rate of change of the phase angle.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_frequency
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00352

DegreeCelsius
type: Class
comment: Celsius, also known as centigrade, is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature. It can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale as well as a unit to indicate a temperature interval, a difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty. This definition fixes the magnitude of both the degree Celsius and the kelvin as precisely 1 part in 273.16 (approximately 0.00366) of the difference between absolute zero and the triple point of water. Thus, it sets the magnitude of one degree Celsius and that of one kelvin as exactly the same. Additionally, it establishes the difference between the two scales' null points as being precisely 273.15 °C. -- QUDT
comment: Measurement unit for Celsius temperature. This unit can only be used for expressing temperature differences.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: °C
uneceCommonCode: CEL
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C
ucumCode: Cel
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Celsius
elucidation: Measurement unit for Celsius temperature. This unit can only be used for expressing temperature differences.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01561

TennessineSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the tennessine atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ts
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the tennessine atom.

PascalLitrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: product out of the SI derived unit pascal and the unit litre divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
alternative label: Pascal Litre Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-L-PER-SEC
ucumCode: Pa.L.s-1
unitSymbol: Pa⋅L/s
elucidation: product out of the SI derived unit pascal and the unit litre divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

SlowingDownDensity
type: Class
comment: Number of slowed-down particles per time and volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Slowing-DownDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98915830
ISO80000Reference: 10-67
elucidation: Number of slowed-down particles per time and volume.

BecquerelPerKilogram
type: Class
comment: "Becquerel per Kilogram" is used to describe radioactivity, which is often expressed in becquerels per unit of volume or weight, to express how much radioactive material is contained in a sample. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Becquerel per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: Bq.kg-1
ucumCode: Bq/kg
unitSymbol: Bq/kg
elucidation: "Becquerel per Kilogram" is used to describe radioactivity, which is often expressed in becquerels per unit of volume or weight, to express how much radioactive material is contained in a sample. -- QUDT

TonnePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: unit tonne divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
alternative label: Tonne Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TONNE-PER-M3
ucumCode: t.m-3
unitSymbol: t/m³
elucidation: unit tonne divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

GrandCanonicalPartionFunction
type: Class
comment: Sum of canonical partition function Z (NA,NB,…) for the given number of particles A, B, ... multiplied by absolute activities of particles A, B, ...
alternative label: GrandPartionFunction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/GrandCanonicalPartitionFunction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96176022
ISO80000Reference: 9-35.3
elucidation: Sum of canonical partition function Z (NA,NB,…) for the given number of particles A, B, ... multiplied by absolute activities of particles A, B, ...

TinAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for tin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 50
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 118.71
elucidation: Atom subclass for tin.

Network
type: Class
comment: A system whose is mainly characterised by the way in which elements are interconnected.
elucidation: A system whose is mainly characterised by the way in which elements are interconnected.

ElementalSubstance
type: Class
comment: A chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus.
alternative label: PureSubstance
elucidation: A chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01022

SquareCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1cm -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-04
alternative label: Square Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2
ucumCode: cm2
unitSymbol: cm²
elucidation: A unit of area equal to that of a square, of sides 1cm -- QUDT

hasInterval
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between a process whole and a temporal part of the same type.
elucidation: The relation between a process whole and a temporal part of the same type.

MetrePerFarad
type: Class
comment: Metre per Farad.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-FARAD
ucumCode: m.F-1
unitSymbol: m/f
elucidation: Metre per Farad.

Colloid
type: Class
comment: Colloids are characterized by the occurring of the Tyndall effect on light.
comment: A mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble or soluble particles (from 1 nm to 1 μm) is suspended throughout another substance and that does not settle, or would take a very long time to settle appreciably.
elucidation: A mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble or soluble particles (from 1 nm to 1 μm) is suspended throughout another substance and that does not settle, or would take a very long time to settle appreciably.

BohrRadius
type: Class
comment: Radius of the electron orbital in the hydrogen atom in its ground state in the Bohr model of the atom.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/constant/BohrRadius
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652571
ISO80000Reference: 10-6
elucidation: Radius of the electron orbital in the hydrogen atom in its ground state in the Bohr model of the atom.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00693

MeasurementResult
type: Class
comment: A measurement result generally contains “relevant information” about the set of measured quantity properties, such that some may be more representative of the measured quantity than others. This may be expressed in the form of a probability density function (pdf).
comment: Result of a measurement. A set of quantites being attributed to a measurand (measured quantitative property) together with any other available relevant information, like measurement uncertainty. -- VIM
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: Result of a measurement. A set of quantites being attributed to a measurand (measured quantitative property) together with any other available relevant information, like measurement uncertainty. -- VIM
VIMTerm: measurement result
comment: A measurement result has the measured quantity, measurement uncertainty and other relevant attributes as holistic parts.

NewtonMetrePerMetre
type: Class
comment: This is the SI unit for the rolling resistance, which is equivalent to drag force in newton -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton metre per metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-M
unitSymbol: N⋅m/m
elucidation: This is the SI unit for the rolling resistance, which is equivalent to drag force in newton -- QUDT

ElectricMobilityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricMobility'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricMobility'.

JSONData
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: JSON

Porosity
type: Class
comment: Ratio of void volume and total volume of a porous material.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
elucidation: Ratio of void volume and total volume of a porous material.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04762

ThreeManifold
type: Class
comment: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 3-dimensional Euclidean space.
alternative label: 3-manifold
elucidation: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 3-dimensional Euclidean space.

MassFraction
type: Class
comment: The mass of one type of species divided by the total mass.
unitSymbol: mass_fraction
unitSymbol: mass-fraction
elucidation: The mass of one type of species divided by the total mass.

CriticalTemperature
type: Class
comment: Temperature below which quantum effects dominate.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450516
elucidation: Temperature below which quantum effects dominate.

WeberMetre
type: Class
comment: Weber metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB-M
ucumCode: Wb.m
unitSymbol: Wb⋅m
elucidation: Weber metre.

AmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Amount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Amount'.

PhaseHeterogeneousMixture
type: Class
comment: Phase heterogenous mixture may share the same state of matter. For example, immiscibile liquid phases (e.g. oil and water) constitute a mixture whose phases are clearly separated but share the same state of matter.
comment: A mixture in which more than one phases of matter cohexists.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A mixture in which more than one phases of matter cohexists.

ModulusOfCompression
type: Class
comment: Measure of how resistant to compressibility a substance is.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: BulkModulus
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BulkModulus
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900371
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-19.3
elucidation: Measure of how resistant to compressibility a substance is.

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 55000:2014 organization: person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives

Software
type: Class
comment: Software is usually used as a generic term for programs. However, in its broadest sense it can refer to all information (i.e., both programs and data) in electronic form and can provide a distinction from hardware, which refers to computers or other electronic systems on which software can exist and be use. Here we explicitly include in the definition also all the data (e.g. source code, script files) that takes part to the building of the executable, are necessary to the execution of a program or that document it for the users.
comment: All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system.
elucidation: All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system.

PerMicroMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Micrometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /microm. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalMicroMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MicroM
ucumCode: um-1
ucumCode: /um
unitSymbol: /µm
elucidation: Per Micrometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /microm. -- QUDT

PerMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Millimeter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /mm. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
alternative label: ReciprocalMilliMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MilliM
ucumCode: mm-1
ucumCode: /mm
unitSymbol: /mm
elucidation: Per Millimeter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /mm. -- QUDT

Estimation
type: Class
comment: A determination of an object without any actual interaction.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A determination of an object without any actual interaction.

MolecularEntity
type: Class
comment: Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity that can undergo a chemical reaction.
comment: Molecular entity is used as a general term for singular entities, irrespective of their nature, while chemical species stands for sets or ensembles of molecular entities. Note that the name of a compound may refer to the respective molecular entity or to the chemical species,
alternative label: ChemicalEntity
example: Methane, may mean a single molecule of CH4 (molecular entity) or a molar amount, specified or not (chemical species), participating in a reaction. The degree of precision necessary to describe a molecular entity depends on the context.
example: Hydrogen molecule is an adequate definition of a certain molecular entity for some purposes, whereas for others it is necessary to distinguish the electronic state and/or vibrational state and/or nuclear spin, etc. of the hydrogen molecule.
elucidation: Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity that can undergo a chemical reaction.
comment: This concept is strictly related to chemistry. For this reason an atom can be considered the smallest entity that can be considered "molecular", including nucleus when they are seen as ions (e.g. H⁺, He⁺⁺).

CoefficientOfThermalExpansion
type: Class
comment: Material property which describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ThermalExpansionCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45760
elucidation: Material property which describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature.

GasSolution
type: Class
comment: A gaseous solution made of more than one component type.
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: GasMixture
elucidation: A gaseous solution made of more than one component type.

Tool
type: Class
comment: An object that enables or facilitate an agent in the execution of a process that modifies the surrounding environment.
elucidation: An object that enables or facilitate an agent in the execution of a process that modifies the surrounding environment.

MetreKelvin
type: Class
comment: `Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as m K. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Metre Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-K
ucumCode: m.K
unitSymbol: m⋅K
elucidation: `Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as m K. -- QUDT

Metre
type: Class
comment: The metre, symbol m, is the SI unit of length. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the speed of light in vacuum c to be 299792458 when expressed in the unit m s−1, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: m
alternative label: Meter
uneceCommonCode: MTR
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M
ucumCode: m
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Metre
definition: The metre, symbol m, is the SI unit of length. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the speed of light in vacuum c to be 299792458 when expressed in the unit m s−1, where the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03884

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: AnalogicalIcon
etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀναλογία (analogía), from ἀνά (aná) + λόγος (lógos, “speech, reckoning”).

EinsteiniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the einsteinium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Es
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the einsteinium atom.

NonTemporalRole
type: Class
comment: An holistic spatial part of a whole.
alternative label: HolisticSpatialPart
elucidation: An holistic spatial part of a whole.

PaperManufacturing
type: Class

Aerosol
type: Class
comment: A colloid composed of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in air or another gas.
elucidation: A colloid composed of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in air or another gas.

qualified cardinality: 3

SingleComponentComposition
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction

HexBinaryData
type: Class
comment: Hexadecimal encoding of binary data, using the alphabeth [0-9a-f].
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: hexBinary
elucidation: Hexadecimal encoding of binary data, using the alphabeth [0-9a-f].

LinearElectricCurrentDensity
type: Class
comment: Surface density of electric charge multiplied by velocity
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearElectricCurrentDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2356741
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-9
elucidation: Surface density of electric charge multiplied by velocity

Theorisation
type: Class
comment: The 'semiosis' process of interpreting a 'physical' and provide a complec sign, 'theory' that stands for it and explain it to another interpreter.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Theorization
elucidation: The 'semiosis' process of interpreting a 'physical' and provide a complec sign, 'theory' that stands for it and explain it to another interpreter.

LowPressureCasting
type: Class

hasIcon
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation that connects a recognised semiotic object to an icon in a cognition process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation that connects a recognised semiotic object to an icon in a cognition process.

ConstitutiveProcess
type: Class
comment: A process which is an holistic spatial part of an object.
comment: A constitutive process is a process that is holistically relevant for the definition of the whole.
example: Blood circulation in a human body.
elucidation: A process which is an holistic spatial part of an object.

KelvinDay
type: Class
comment: Kelvin day unit.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 8.64e+04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-DAY
ucumCode: K.d
unitSymbol: K⋅day
elucidation: Kelvin day unit.

MicroWatt
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroW
ucumCode: uW
unitSymbol: mW
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit watt -- QUDT

DegreePerMinute
type: Class
comment: A unit of measure for the rate of change of plane angle, dω / dt, in durations of one minute.The vector ω is directed along the axis of rotation in the direction for which the rotation is clockwise. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.908882e-04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Degree per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG-PER-MIN
ucumCode: deg.min-1
ucumCode: deg/min
unitSymbol: °/min
elucidation: A unit of measure for the rate of change of plane angle, dω / dt, in durations of one minute.The vector ω is directed along the axis of rotation in the direction for which the rotation is clockwise. -- QUDT

PhysicalQuantity
type: Class
comment: Measurement units of quantities of the same quantity dimension may be designated by the same name and symbol even when the quantities are not of the same kind. For example, joule per kelvin and J/K are respectively the name and symbol of both a measurement unit of heat capacity and a measurement unit of entropy, which are generally not considered to be quantities of the same kind. However, in some cases special measurement unit names are restricted to be used with quantities of specific kind only. For example, the measurement unit ‘second to the power minus one’ (1/s) is called hertz (Hz) when used for frequencies and becquerel (Bq) when used for activities of radionuclides. As another example, the joule (J) is used as a unit of energy, but never as a unit of moment of force, i.e. the newton metre (N · m).
comment: Measured or simulated 'physical propertiy'-s are always defined by a physical law, connected to a physical entity through a model perspective and measurement is done according to the same model. Systems of units suggests that this is the correct approach, since except for the fundamental units (length, time, charge) every other unit is derived by mathematical relations between these fundamental units, implying a physical laws or definitions.
comment: — quantities of the same kind have the same quantity dimension, — quantities of different quantity dimensions are always of different kinds, and — quantities having the same quantity dimension are not necessarily of the same kind. ISO 80000-1
comment: In the same system of quantities, dim ρB = ML−3 is the quantity dimension of mass concentration of component B, and ML−3 is also the quantity dimension of mass density, ρ. ISO 80000-1
comment: A 'Mathematical' entity that is made of a 'Numeral' and a 'MeasurementUnit' defined by a physical law, connected to a physical entity through a model perspective. Measurement is done according to the same model.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A 'Mathematical' entity that is made of a 'Numeral' and a 'MeasurementUnit' defined by a physical law, connected to a physical entity through a model perspective. Measurement is done according to the same model.

KelvinMetre
type: Class
comment: Kelvin metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M
ucumCode: K.m
unitSymbol: K⋅m
elucidation: Kelvin metre.

Sebastiano Moruzzi
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://www.unibo.it/en

WattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetre
type: Class
comment: Watt per square metre and nanometre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-NanoM
ucumCode: W.m-2.nm-1
unitSymbol: W/m²⋅nm
elucidation: Watt per square metre and nanometre.

MeanFreePathOfElectrons
type: Class
comment: Average distance that electrons travel between two successive interactions.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectronMeanFreePath
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105672307
ISO80000Reference: 12-15.2
elucidation: Average distance that electrons travel between two successive interactions.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN 9110:2018-08
annotated target: action to disassemble a product or a component by removing all or some of its constituent parts with the intent to salvage

MolePerLitre
type: Class
comment: SI base unit mol divided by the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
alternative label: Mole Per Litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-L
ucumCode: mol.L-1
ucumCode: mol/L
unitSymbol: mol/L
elucidation: SI base unit mol divided by the unit litre -- QUDT

Deca
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 10.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: da
alternative label: Deka
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 10.

SubObject
type: Class
comment: An object which is an holistic temporal part of another object.
comment: Here we consider a temporal interval that is lower than the characteristic time of the physical process that provides the causality connection between the object parts.
example: If an inhabited house is considered as an house that is occupied by some people in its majority of time, then an interval of inhabited house in which occasionally nobody is in there is no more an inhabited house, but an unhinabited house, since this temporal part does not satisfy the criteria of the whole.
elucidation: An object which is an holistic temporal part of another object.

SystemUnit
type: Class
comment: A unit that belongs to one or more unit systems.
elucidation: A unit that belongs to one or more unit systems.

VanadiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the vanadium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: V
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the vanadium atom.

Declaration
type: Class
comment: A semiotic process that assigns a sign based on conventions.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: ConventionalSemiosis
elucidation: A semiotic process that assigns a sign based on conventions.

CoulombSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) is a unit in the category of Electric quadrupole moment. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) has a dimension of L2TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Coulomb Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-M2
ucumCode: C.m2
unitSymbol: C⋅m²
elucidation: Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) is a unit in the category of Electric quadrupole moment. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Square Meter (C-m2) has a dimension of L2TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

Database
type: Class
comment: A structured collection of data held in a computer system that has a well-defined interface.
example: - A database covering nine million chemical compositions. - A thermodynamic database.
elucidation: A structured collection of data held in a computer system that has a well-defined interface.

Magnetization
type: Class
comment: At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the magnetic area moment m of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Magnetization
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-24
elucidation: At a given point within a domain of quasi-infinitesimal volume V, vector quantity equal to the magnetic area moment m of the substance contained within the domain divided by the volume V.

PhysicalPhenomenon
type: Class
comment: The class of individuals standing for causally non-convex interacting systems.
elucidation: The class of individuals standing for causally non-convex interacting systems.

GalliumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the gallium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ga
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the gallium atom.

Imp
body: ClassAtom
  argument1: x
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: x
comment: Enforcing reflexivity of overlapping.

LinearIonization
type: Class
comment: Differential quotient of q with respect to l, where q is the average total charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle over a path l, divided by the elementary charge.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearIonization
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98690755
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-58
elucidation: Differential quotient of q with respect to l, where q is the average total charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle over a path l, divided by the elementary charge.

NewtonSecond
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC
ucumCode: N.s
unitSymbol: N⋅s
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit second -- QUDT

DrawForms
type: Class

Enthalpy
type: Class
comment: Measurement of energy in a thermodynamic system.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Enthalpy
ISO80000Reference: 5.20-3
elucidation: Measurement of energy in a thermodynamic system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02141

Peening
type: Class
comment: (according to DIN 8200) Shot peening to generate residual compressive stresses in layers of the blasting material close to the surface in order to improve certain component properties, e.g. fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance (from: DIN 8200:1982)
alternative label: Verfestigungsstrahlen
alternative label: ShotPeening

MassFlow
type: Class
comment: At a point in a fluid, the product of mass density and velocity.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3265048
ISO80000Reference: 4-30.1
elucidation: At a point in a fluid, the product of mass density and velocity.

PerSecondSteradian
type: Class
comment: Per Second Steradian Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-sr. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSecondSteradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC-SR
ucumCode: s-1.sr-1
ucumCode: /(s.sr)
unitSymbol: /s⋅sr
elucidation: Per Second Steradian Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-sr. -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: DigitalData
etymology: From Latin digitus (“finger”).

Machining
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing in which material is removed from the workpiece in the form of chips.
alternative label: RemovingChipsFromWorkpiece
elucidation: A manufacturing in which material is removed from the workpiece in the form of chips.

ThomsonCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Quotient of Thomson heat power developed, and the electric current and temperature difference.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThomsonCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105801233
ISO80000Reference: 12-23
elucidation: Quotient of Thomson heat power developed, and the electric current and temperature difference.

SquareTemperaturePerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperaturePerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ+2 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperaturePerTime'.

OrbitalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Atomic quantum number related to the orbital angular momentum l of a one-electron state.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/OrbitalAngularMomentumQuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1916324
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.3
elucidation: Atomic quantum number related to the orbital angular momentum l of a one-electron state.

ThermalConductivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalConductivity'.

TelluriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the tellurium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Te
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the tellurium atom.

https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0
example: An object A which is classified as water-fluid possesses a proper part B which is water itself if the lenght scale of the B is larger than the water intermolecular distance keeping it in the continuum range. In this sense, A is redundant. If A is a water-fluid so small that its every proper part is no more a continuum object (i.e. no more a fluid), then A is fundamental.

CeramicSintering
type: Class

PseudoscalarMeson
type: Class
comment: A meson with spin zero and odd parity.
elucidation: A meson with spin zero and odd parity.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoscalar_meson

AmperePerMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Ampere Per Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-MilliM
ucumCode: A.mm-1
ucumCode: A/mm
unitSymbol: A/mm
elucidation: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

illustration
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A link to a graphical representation aimed to facilitate understanding of the concept, or of an annotation.
range: anyURI
sub property of: seeAlso
elucidation: A link to a graphical representation aimed to facilitate understanding of the concept, or of an annotation.

PerSteradian
type: Class
comment: Per steradian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSteradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SR
ucumCode: sr-1
unitSymbol: /sr
elucidation: Per steradian.

CouplingFactor
type: Class
comment: Ratio of the absolute value of the mutual permeance related to two circuit elements to the geometric average of their self-permeances.
alternative label: InductiveCouplingFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78101715
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-42.1
elucidation: Ratio of the absolute value of the mutual permeance related to two circuit elements to the geometric average of their self-permeances.

IUPACName
type: Class

AtomicScatteringFactor
type: Class
comment: Quotient of radiation amplitude scattered by the atom and radiation amplitude scattered by a single electron.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AtomScatteringFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837866
ISO80000Reference: 12-5.3
elucidation: Quotient of radiation amplitude scattered by the atom and radiation amplitude scattered by a single electron.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_form_factor

Magnetizing
type: Class

TokenData
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: token

SquareElectricPotentialPerSquareTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareElectricPotentialPerSquareTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-6 L+4 M+2 I-2 Θ-2 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareElectricPotentialPerSquareTemperature'.

Cognition
type: Class
comment: A semiotic process that assigns a sign by recognising an object by how it resemble or imitate what the sign stands for, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: IconSemiosis
elucidation: A semiotic process that assigns a sign by recognising an object by how it resemble or imitate what the sign stands for, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure.

Dimension
type: Class
comment: A coded sign that stands for a dimension.
example: Examples of some Dimension individuals: - 'x-dimension': stand for the spatial dimension along the x-direction. - 'emergy_dimension': stand for the energy dimension in an energy spectrum. - 'number_of_samples': is a countable dimension that may stand for the index of a given sample in a series of samples.
elucidation: A coded sign that stands for a dimension.

VolumeFractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two volumes.
example: Unit for volume fraction.
elucidation: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two volumes.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Computation
etymology: From Latin con- +‎ putō (“I reckon”).

NonNumericalData
type: Class
comment: Data that are non-quantitatively interpreted (e.g., qualitative data, types).
elucidation: Data that are non-quantitatively interpreted (e.g., qualitative data, types).

ParticulateMatter
type: Class
comment: Bounded matter.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: Bounded matter.

FromNotProperShapeToWorkPiece
type: Class
comment: da una forma non propria ad una forma propria
comment: From Powder, from liquid, from gas
comment: Powder: particles that are usually less than 1 mm in size

OrdinalQuantity
type: Class
comment: "Quantity, defined by a conventional measurement procedure, for which a total ordering relation can be established, according to magnitude, with other quantities of the same kind, but for which no algebraic operations among those quantities exist" International vocabulary of metrology (VIM)
comment: "Ordinal quantities, such as Rockwell C hardness, are usually not considered to be part of a system of quantities because they are related to other quantities through empirical relations only." International vocabulary of metrology (VIM)
example: Hardness Resilience
elucidation: "Quantity, defined by a conventional measurement procedure, for which a total ordering relation can be established, according to magnitude, with other quantities of the same kind, but for which no algebraic operations among those quantities exist" International vocabulary of metrology (VIM)
VIMTerm: ordinal quantity

ReactiveMaterial
type: Class
comment: A material that takes active part in a chemical reaction.
elucidation: A material that takes active part in a chemical reaction.

ThuliumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for thulium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 168.93422
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 69
elucidation: Atom subclass for thulium.

PureParallelWorkflow
type: Class
comment: A workflow that is the concurrent evolution of two or more tasks, not communicacting between themselves.
alternative label: EmbarassinglyParallelWorkflow
elucidation: A workflow that is the concurrent evolution of two or more tasks, not communicacting between themselves.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Variable
etymology: Fom Latin variabilis ("changeable").

PositionVector
type: Class
comment: Vector r characterizing a point P in a point space with a given origin point O.
comment: Position vectors are so-called bounded vectors, i.e. their magnitude and direction depend on the particular coordinate system used. -- ISO 80000-3
comment: In the usual geometrical three-dimensional space, position vectors are quantities of the dimension length. -- IEC
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Position
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PositionVector
elucidation: Vector r characterizing a point P in a point space with a given origin point O.

URL
type: Class
comment: The term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset of URIs that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a means of locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network "location").
elucidation: The term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset of URIs that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a means of locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network "location").

ShearCutting
type: Class
comment: Cutting workpieces between two cutting edges that move past each other (see Figure 1 [see figure in the standard]).
alternative label: Scherschneiden

EndStep
type: Class
comment: The final step of a workflow.
comment: There may be more than one end task, if they run in parallel leading to more than one output.
elucidation: The final step of a workflow.

IntegerData
type: Class
comment: A data representing an arbritrary sized integer number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: integer
elucidation: A data representing an arbritrary sized integer number.

ElectricChargeDensity
type: Class
comment: Electric charge per volume.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: VolumeElectricCharge
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricChargeDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69425629
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-3
elucidation: Electric charge per volume.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00988

FORTRAN
type: Class

LiquidFoam
type: Class
comment: A foam of trapped gas in a liquid.
elucidation: A foam of trapped gas in a liquid.

hasBeginTile
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only outgoing temporal connections.
alternative label: hasTemporalFirst
elucidation: The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only outgoing temporal connections.

Axiom
annotated target: A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain

NewtonPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Newton Per Meter (N/m) is a unit in the category of Surface tension. It is also known as newtons per meter, newton per metre, newtons per metre, newton/meter, newton/metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Newton Per Meter (N/m) has a dimension of MT-2 where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-M
ucumCode: N/m
ucumCode: N.m-1
unitSymbol: N/m
elucidation: Newton Per Meter (N/m) is a unit in the category of Surface tension. It is also known as newtons per meter, newton per metre, newtons per metre, newton/meter, newton/metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Newton Per Meter (N/m) has a dimension of MT-2 where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

URI
type: Class
comment: URI = scheme ":" ["//" authority] path ["?" query] ["#" fragment]
comment: A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: anyURI
elucidation: A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource.

PerPressureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerPressure'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L+1 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerPressure'.

SINonCoherentDerivedUnit
type: Class
comment: A derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base units is NOT equal to one.
example: cm/s
elucidation: A derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base units is NOT equal to one.

IodineSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the iodine atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: I
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the iodine atom.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8590 Berichtigung 1:2004-02
annotated property: comment
annotated target: A manufacturing process in which metallic material is anodically dissolved under the influence of an electric current and an electrolyte solution. The current flow can be caused either by connection to an external current source or due to local element formation on the workpiece (etching).

Polynomial
type: Class
example: 2 * x^2 + x + 3

PartialPressure
type: Class
comment: Hypothetical pressure of gas if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture at the same temperature.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PartialPressure
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27165
ISO80000Reference: 9-19
elucidation: Hypothetical pressure of gas if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture at the same temperature.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04420

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: ResemblanceIcon
etymology: From Old French sambler, sembler, from Late Latin similāre, present active infinitive of similō, from Latin similis, from Proto-Italic *semalis, from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together, one”).

Role
type: Class
comment: An entity that is categorized according to its relation with a whole through a parthood relation and that contributes to it according to an holistic criterion, where the type of the whole is not the type of the part.
comment: In this class the concept of role and part are superimposed (the term part is also used to define the role played by an actor). Here entities are categorized according to their relation with the whole, i.e. how they contribute to make a specific whole, and not what they are as separate entities. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its relation with the surrounding whole (being a part implies being surrounded by something bigger to which it contributes).
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: HolisticPart
alternative label: Part
elucidation: An entity that is categorized according to its relation with a whole through a parthood relation and that contributes to it according to an holistic criterion, where the type of the whole is not the type of the part.

YttriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for yttrium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 39
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 88.90584
elucidation: Atom subclass for yttrium.

SexticLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SexticLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+6 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SexticLength'.

Python
type: Class

SparkErosion
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing process in which metallic material is anodically dissolved under the influence of an electric current and an electrolyte solution. The current flow can be caused either by connection to an external current source or due to local element formation on the workpiece (etching).
alternative label: elektrochemisches Abtragen

HydrogenAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for hydrogen.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.008
elucidation: Atom subclass for hydrogen.

hasChemicalSymbol
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The chemical symbol of an atomic element.
elucidation: The chemical symbol of an atomic element.

ISQDimensionlessQuantity
type: Class
comment: A quantity to which no physical dimension is assigned and with a corresponding unit of measurement in the SI of the unit one.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Dimensionless
elucidation: A quantity to which no physical dimension is assigned and with a corresponding unit of measurement in the SI of the unit one.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless_quantity
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01742

ElementaryElectron
type: Class
comment: An elementary charged fermionic particle that belongs to the first generation of the lepton particle family.
elucidation: An elementary charged fermionic particle that belongs to the first generation of the lepton particle family.

PropagationCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Measure of the change of amplitude and phase angle of a plane wave propagating in a given direction.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PropagationCoefficient.html
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434913
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-26.3
elucidation: Measure of the change of amplitude and phase angle of a plane wave propagating in a given direction.

IEVReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: URL for the entry in the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV).
sub property of: seeAlso
elucidation: URL for the entry in the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV).

hasDeclarer
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation connecting a conventional sign to the interpreter (declarer) in a declaration process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation connecting a conventional sign to the interpreter (declarer) in a declaration process.

CarrierLifetime
type: Class
comment: Time constant for recombination or trapping of minority charge carriers in semiconductors
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CarrierLifetime
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5046374
ISO80000Reference: 12-32.2
elucidation: Time constant for recombination or trapping of minority charge carriers in semiconductors

MolePerSecond
type: Class
comment: SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Mole Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-SEC
ucumCode: mol/s
ucumCode: mol.s-1
unitSymbol: mol/s
elucidation: SI base unit mol divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

DegreeCelsiusCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: `Degree Celsius Centimeter` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as cm-degC. -- QUDT
alternative label: Degree Celsius Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-CentiM
ucumCode: Cel.cm
unitSymbol: °C⋅cm
elucidation: `Degree Celsius Centimeter` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Length Temperature' expressed as cm-degC. -- QUDT

ElectricResistance
type: Class
comment: Measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through a material.
comment: Inverse of 'ElectricalConductance'.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Resistance
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Resistance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25358
ISO80000Reference: 6-46
elucidation: Measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through a material.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01936

Force
type: Class
comment: Any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Force
ISO80000Reference: 4-9.1
elucidation: Any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02480

SquareSecond
type: Class
comment: "Square Second" is a unit for 'Square Time' expressed as s². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC2
ucumCode: s2
unitSymbol: s²
elucidation: "Square Second" is a unit for 'Square Time' expressed as s². -- QUDT

PermittivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Permittivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+4 L-3 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Permittivity'.

MassFractionOfWater
type: Class
comment: Quantity of dimension 1 equal to u/(1 + u), where u is mass ratio of water to dry matter.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassFractionOfWater
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76379025
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-31
elucidation: Quantity of dimension 1 equal to u/(1 + u), where u is mass ratio of water to dry matter.

CompositePhysicalObject
type: Class
comment: A composite physical object is made of bonded objects (i.e. characterised by their quantum states using a Schrodinger equation approach) that are connected together by elementary particles travelling between them. These elemenentary particles are real particles, describing the existance of a classical field (e.g. Coulomb potential between charged particles).
comment: The class of physical objects possessing a structure that is larger than a single composite particle, for which its bosonic or fermionic nature is undetermined.
conceptualisation: A composite physical object is made of bonded objects (i.e. characterised by their quantum states using a Schrodinger equation approach) that are connected together by elementary particles travelling between them. These elemenentary particles are real particles, describing the existance of a classical field (e.g. Coulomb potential between charged particles).
elucidation: The class of physical objects possessing a structure that is larger than a single composite particle, for which its bosonic or fermionic nature is undetermined.

CalciumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the calcium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ca
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the calcium atom.

Katal
type: Class
comment: A unit of catalytic activity used especially in the chemistry of enzymes. A catalyst is a substance that starts or speeds a chemical reaction. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts within the bodies of living plants and animals. A catalyst has an activity of one katal if it enables a reaction to proceed at the rate of one mole per second. -- QUDT
comment: SI unit for catalytic activity.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: kat
uneceCommonCode: KAT
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KAT
ucumCode: kat
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Katal
elucidation: SI unit for catalytic activity.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katal
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.K03372

Broadcast
type: Class
comment: A mixed tiling in wich a tile has next spatially connected tiles.
elucidation: A mixed tiling in wich a tile has next spatially connected tiles.

NeutronNumber
type: Class
comment: Number of neutrons in an atomic nucleus.
comment: Atomic number (proton number) plus neutron number equals mass number.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970319
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-1.2
elucidation: Number of neutrons in an atomic nucleus.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_number
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04119

OrganicCompound
type: Class

VoltAmpereHour
type: Class
comment: product of the unit for apparent by ampere and the unit hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Volt Ampere Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-A-HR
ucumCode: V.A.h
unitSymbol: V⋅A⋅hr
elucidation: product of the unit for apparent by ampere and the unit hour -- QUDT

Tempering
type: Class
comment: Process consisting of two steps: - first, the steel is heated in a quenching treatment to a temperature above Ac3 and then rapidly cooled in a liquid to produce a process-specific grain structure; - subsequently, the steel is heated to a specific temperature during tempering to set the desired property and cooled in air.
alternative label: Vergüten
alternative label: QuenchingAndTempering

PerSecondSquareMetreSteradian
type: Class
comment: Per Second Square Meter Steradian is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-m²-sr. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSecondSquareMetreSteradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC-M2-SR
ucumCode: s-1.m-2.sr-1
ucumCode: /(s.m2.sr)
unitSymbol: /s⋅m²⋅sr
elucidation: Per Second Square Meter Steradian is a denominator unit with dimensions /sec-m²-sr. -- QUDT

ChemicalCompositionQuantity
type: Class

NegativeIntegerData
type: Class
comment: A data representing an integer number < 0.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: negativeInteger
elucidation: A data representing an integer number < 0.

ElectricCurrentDensity
type: Class
comment: Electric current divided by the cross-sectional area it is passing through.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: AreicElectricCurrent
alternative label: CurrentDensity
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricCurrentDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234072
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-8
elucidation: Electric current divided by the cross-sectional area it is passing through.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_density
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01928

Collection
type: Class
comment: A collection is the concept that complements the item concept, being an entity that possesses at least one part non directly causally connected with the rest. A collection can be partitioned in maximally connected items called members. The members are self-connected entities and there is no direct causality relation between them. The combination of collection and item concepts is the EMMO mereocausality alternative to set theory. However, two items can be members only if they are non direct causally connected, giving some constraints to a collection definition. For example, two entities which are directly connected cannot be two distinct members, while their interiors (i.e. the entities obtained by removing the layer of parts that provides the causal contact between them) can be.
comment: The class of not direct causally self-connected world entities.
subclass of: Restriction
example: The collection of users of a particular software, the collection of atoms that have been part of that just dissociated molecule.
conceptualisation: A collection is the concept that complements the item concept, being an entity that possesses at least one part non directly causally connected with the rest. A collection can be partitioned in maximally connected items called members. The members are self-connected entities and there is no direct causality relation between them. The combination of collection and item concepts is the EMMO mereocausality alternative to set theory. However, two items can be members only if they are non direct causally connected, giving some constraints to a collection definition. For example, two entities which are directly connected cannot be two distinct members, while their interiors (i.e. the entities obtained by removing the layer of parts that provides the causal contact between them) can be.
elucidation: The class of not direct causally self-connected world entities.

PraseodymiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for praseodymium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 140.90766
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 59
elucidation: Atom subclass for praseodymium.

VectorData
type: Class
comment: The datatype for monodimensional arrays.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: The datatype for monodimensional arrays.

AcousticQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-8.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-8.

hasMeasuredProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined measurement procedure.
elucidation: Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined measurement procedure.

Guess
type: Class
comment: A guess is a theory, estimated and subjective, since its premises are subjective.
elucidation: A guess is a theory, estimated and subjective, since its premises are subjective.

AdditiveManufacturing
type: Class
comment: process of joining materials to make parts from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing (3.1.29) and formative manufacturing methodologies,
alternative label: GenerativeManufacturing

ElectricResistanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+2 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistance'.

hasDimensionString
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Relates a SI dimensional unit to a dimension string.
range: string
elucidation: Relates a SI dimensional unit to a dimension string.

NewtonSecondPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Newton second measured per metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Second per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-SEC-PER-M
ucumCode: N.s.m-1
unitSymbol: N⋅s/m
elucidation: Newton second measured per metre -- QUDT

omReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: IRI to corresponding concept in the Ontology of units of Measure.
elucidation: IRI to corresponding concept in the Ontology of units of Measure.

ElectricConductivity
type: Class
comment: Conductivity is equeal to the resiprocal of resistivity.
comment: Measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Conductivity
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricConductivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4593291
ISO80000Reference: 6-43
elucidation: Measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01245

MathematicalModel
type: Class
comment: An analogical icon expressed in mathematical language.
comment: A mathematical model can be defined as a description of a system using mathematical concepts and language to facilitate proper explanation of a system or to study the effects of different components and to make predictions on patterns of behaviour. Abramowitz and Stegun, 1968
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: An analogical icon expressed in mathematical language.

PhaseDifference
type: Class
comment: Under sinusoidal conditions, phase difference between the voltage applied to a linear two-terminal element or two-terminal circuit and the electric current in the element or circuit.
alternative label: DisplacementAngle
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97222919
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-48
elucidation: Under sinusoidal conditions, phase difference between the voltage applied to a linear two-terminal element or two-terminal circuit and the electric current in the element or circuit.

UnifiedAtomicMassConstant
type: Class
comment: 1/12 of the mass of an atom of the nuclide 12C in the ground state at rest.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817337
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-4.3
elucidation: 1/12 of the mass of an atom of the nuclide 12C in the ground state at rest.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00497

SimulationApplication
type: Class
comment: An application aimed to functionally reproduce an object.
example: An application that predicts the pressure drop of a fluid in a pipe segment is aimed to functionally reproduce the outcome of a measurement of pressure before and after the segment.
elucidation: An application aimed to functionally reproduce an object.

dbpediaReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: URL to corresponding dpbedia entry.
range: anyURI
sub property of: seeAlso
elucidation: URL to corresponding dpbedia entry.

TonnePerDay
type: Class
comment: metric unit ton divided by the unit for time day -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-02
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Tonne Per Day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TONNE-PER-DAY
ucumCode: t.d-1
unitSymbol: t/day
elucidation: metric unit ton divided by the unit for time day -- QUDT

InverseSquareMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'InverseSquareMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M-2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'InverseSquareMass'.

AmericiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for americium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 95
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 243.06138
elucidation: Atom subclass for americium.

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO/ASTM TR 52906:2022 Additive manufacturing sintering: process of heating a powder metal compact to increase density and/or improve mechanical properties via solid state diffusion

SIAcceptedUnit
type: Class
comment: This is a list of units that are not defined as part of the International System of Units (SI), but are otherwise mentioned in the SI brouchure, because either the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) accepts their use as being multiples or submultiples of SI-units, they have important contemporary application worldwide, or are otherwise commonly encountered worldwide.
comment: Non-SI units mentioned in the SI.
elucidation: Non-SI units mentioned in the SI.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-SI_units_mentioned_in_the_SI

RadialDistance
type: Class
comment: Distance, where one point is located on an axis or within a closed non self-intersecting curve or surface.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RadialDistance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1578234
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.9
elucidation: Distance, where one point is located on an axis or within a closed non self-intersecting curve or surface.

SlowingDownArea
type: Class
comment: In an infinite homogenous medium, one-sixth of the mean square of the distance between the neutron source and the point where a neutron reaches a given energy.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Slowing-DownArea
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98950918
ISO80000Reference: 10-72.1
elucidation: In an infinite homogenous medium, one-sixth of the mean square of the distance between the neutron source and the point where a neutron reaches a given energy.

LitrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: unit litre divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Litre Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-SEC
ucumCode: L.s-1
ucumCode: L/s
unitSymbol: L/s
elucidation: unit litre divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

Axiom
see also: DIN 8583-1:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by uniaxial or multiaxial compressive stress.

CubicMetrePerMole
type: Class
comment: The molar volume, symbol Vm, is the volume occupied by one mole of a substance (chemical element or chemical compound) at a given temperature and pressure. It is equal to the molar mass (M) divided by the mass density. It has the SI unit cubic metres per mole m3/mol, although it is more practical to use the units cubic decimetres per mole dm3/mol for gases and cubic centimetres per mole cm3/mol for liquids and solids. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-MOL
ucumCode: m3/mol
ucumCode: m3.mol-1
unitSymbol: m³/mol
elucidation: The molar volume, symbol Vm, is the volume occupied by one mole of a substance (chemical element or chemical compound) at a given temperature and pressure. It is equal to the molar mass (M) divided by the mass density. It has the SI unit cubic metres per mole m3/mol, although it is more practical to use the units cubic decimetres per mole dm3/mol for gases and cubic centimetres per mole cm3/mol for liquids and solids. -- QUDT

Determination
type: Class
comment: A 'Semiosis' that involves an 'Observer' that perceives another 'Physical' (the 'Object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'Property' (the 'Sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception according to a well defined conventional procedure.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: Characterisation
example: Assigning the word "red" as sign for an object provides an information to all other interpreters about the outcome of a specific observation procedure according to the determiner.
elucidation: A 'Semiosis' that involves an 'Observer' that perceives another 'Physical' (the 'Object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'Property' (the 'Sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception according to a well defined conventional procedure.

PhysicalConstant
type: Class
comment: Physical constants are categorised into "exact" and measured constants. With "exact" constants, we refer to physical constants that have an exact numerical value after the revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019.
elucidation: Physical constants are categorised into "exact" and measured constants. With "exact" constants, we refer to physical constants that have an exact numerical value after the revision of the SI system that was enforsed May 2019.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_physical_constants

AreaPerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerAmount'.

MicroMetrePerKelvin
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Micrometre Per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM-PER-K
ucumCode: um.K-1
unitSymbol: μm/K
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT

Width
type: Class
comment: Length in a given direction regarded as horizontal.
comment: The terms breadth and width are often used by convention, as distinguished from length and from height or thickness.
alternative label: Breadth
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Width
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35059
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.2
elucidation: Length in a given direction regarded as horizontal.

GasLiquidSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of liquid in a gas continuum phase.
example: Rain, spray.
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of liquid in a gas continuum phase.

CubicMetrePerHour
type: Class
comment: Cubic Meter Per Hour (m3/h) is a unit in the category of Volume flow rate. It is also known as cubic meters per hour, cubic metre per hour, cubic metres per hour, cubic meter/hour, cubic metre/hour, cubic meter/hr, cubic metre/hr, flowrate. Cubic Meter Per Hour (m3/h) has a dimension of L3T-1 where L is length, and T is time. It can be converted to the corresponding standard SI unit m3/s by multiplying its value by a factor of 0.00027777777. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-04
alternative label: Cubic Metre per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-HR
ucumCode: m3.h-1
ucumCode: m3/h
unitSymbol: m³/hr
elucidation: Cubic Meter Per Hour (m3/h) is a unit in the category of Volume flow rate. It is also known as cubic meters per hour, cubic metre per hour, cubic metres per hour, cubic meter/hour, cubic metre/hour, cubic meter/hr, cubic metre/hr, flowrate. Cubic Meter Per Hour (m3/h) has a dimension of L3T-1 where L is length, and T is time. It can be converted to the corresponding standard SI unit m3/s by multiplying its value by a factor of 0.00027777777. -- QUDT

MaterialLaw
type: Class
comment: A law that provides a connection between a material property and other properties of the object.
elucidation: A law that provides a connection between a material property and other properties of the object.

LuminousIntensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousIntensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousIntensity'.

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Machine
etymology: From Latin māchina (“a machine, engine, contrivance, device, stratagem, trick”), from Doric Greek μᾱχᾰνᾱ́ (mākhanā́), cognate with Attic Greek μηχᾰνή (mēkhanḗ, “a machine, engine, contrivance, device”), from which comes mechanical.

ActivityFactor
type: Class
comment: For substance X in a liquid or a solid mixture; quotient of absolute activity of substance X and the product of absolute activity of the pure substance X at the same temperature and pressure and amount-of-substance fraction of substance X.
comment: Activity factors can also be obtained applying Raoult's law or Henry's law.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89335167
ISO80000Reference: 9-22
elucidation: For substance X in a liquid or a solid mixture; quotient of absolute activity of substance X and the product of absolute activity of the pure substance X at the same temperature and pressure and amount-of-substance fraction of substance X.

HertzPerKelvin
type: Class
comment: `Hertz per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Inverse Time Temperature' expressed as Hz K⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Hertz per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-PER-K
ucumCode: Hz.K-1
unitSymbol: Hz/K
elucidation: `Hertz per Kelvin` is a unit for 'Inverse Time Temperature' expressed as Hz K⁻¹. -- QUDT

Permeance
type: Class
comment: Inverse of the reluctance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Permeance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77997985
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-40
elucidation: Inverse of the reluctance.

Tortuosity
type: Class
comment: Parameter for diffusion and fluid flow in porous media.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2301683
elucidation: Parameter for diffusion and fluid flow in porous media.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN 12258-1:2012-08
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Removal of material by means of rigid or flexible discs or belts containing abrasives.

TonnePerHectare
type: Class
comment: A measure of density equivalent to 1000kg per hectare or one Megagram per hectare, typically used to express a volume of biomass or crop yield. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-01
alternative label: metric tonne per hectare
alternative label: tonne per hectare
alternative label: MetricTonnePerHectare
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TON_Metric-PER-HA
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TONNE-PER-HA
ucumCode: t.har-1
unitSymbol: t/ha
elucidation: A measure of density equivalent to 1000kg per hectare or one Megagram per hectare, typically used to express a volume of biomass or crop yield. -- QUDT

Component
type: Class
comment: A constituent of a system.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A constituent of a system.

BondedAtom
type: Class
comment: A real bond between atoms is always something hybrid between covalent, metallic and ionic. In general, metallic and ionic bonds have atoms sharing electrons.
comment: An bonded atom that shares at least one electron to the atom-based entity of which is part of.
comment: The bond types that are covered by this definition are the strong electonic bonds: covalent, metallic and ionic.
comment: This class can be used to represent molecules as simplified quantum systems, in which outer molecule shared electrons are un-entangled with the inner shells of the atoms composing the molecule.
elucidation: An bonded atom that shares at least one electron to the atom-based entity of which is part of.

CausalSystem
type: Class
comment: The class of individuals representing a causal system.
comment: A causal system provides the most general concept of system, being a union of causal structures interacting together. In its most simple form, a causal system is an interlacement of causal paths (the most simple structure type). A causal system is always a spatial-like structure, and is represented as a multiple topologically orderable direct acyclic graph, with quanta as nodes and causality relations as edges.
example: A electron binded by a nucleus.
conceptualisation: A causal system provides the most general concept of system, being a union of causal structures interacting together. In its most simple form, a causal system is an interlacement of causal paths (the most simple structure type). A causal system is always a spatial-like structure, and is represented as a multiple topologically orderable direct acyclic graph, with quanta as nodes and causality relations as edges.
elucidation: The class of individuals representing a causal system.

RelativeMassConcentrationOfWaterVapour
type: Class
comment: Ratio of the mass concentration of water vapour v to its mass concentration at saturation vsat, at the same temperature, thus ψ = v/vsat.
comment: For normal cases, the relative humidity may be assumed to be equal to relative mass concentration of vapour.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeMassConcentrationOfVapour
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76379357
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
elucidation: Ratio of the mass concentration of water vapour v to its mass concentration at saturation vsat, at the same temperature, thus ψ = v/vsat.

SpeedFractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two speeds.
example: Unit for refractive index.
elucidation: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two speeds.

Join
type: Class
comment: A tessellation in wich a tile is next for two or more non spatially connected tiles.
elucidation: A tessellation in wich a tile is next for two or more non spatially connected tiles.

ModulusOfAdmittance
type: Class
comment: Apparent admittance is often denoted by Y .
comment: quotient of the rms value of the electric current in a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the voltage between its terminals.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ModulusOfAdmittance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79466359
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-52.4
elucidation: quotient of the rms value of the electric current in a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the voltage between its terminals.

qualified cardinality: 1

ReciprocalLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalLength'.

WattSecondPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Watt second per square metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-SEC-PER-M2
ucumCode: W.s.m-2
unitSymbol: W⋅s/m²
elucidation: Watt second per square metre.

Centi
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1/100.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: c
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-02
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1/100.

BecquerelSecondPerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Becquerels second per cubic metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ-SEC-PER-M3
ucumCode: Bq.s.m-3
unitSymbol: Bq⋅s/m³
elucidation: Becquerels second per cubic metre.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Estimation
etymology: From Latin aestimatus (“to value, rate, esteem”).

Status
type: Class
comment: An object which is an holistic temporal part of a process.
alternative label: State
example: A semi-naked man is a status in the process of a man's dressing.
elucidation: An object which is an holistic temporal part of a process.

DecaPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "deca" (10).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+01
alternative label: DekaPrefixedUnit
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "deca" (10).

SquareMetrePerJoule
type: Class
comment: Square metre per Joule.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-J
ucumCode: m2.J-1
unitSymbol: m²/j
elucidation: Square metre per Joule.

ReciprocalSquareEnergyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalSquareEnergy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+4 L-4 M-2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalSquareEnergy'.

Declarer
type: Class
comment: An interpreter who establish the connection between an conventional sign and an object according to a specific convention.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
example: Someone who assigns a name to an object.
example: A scientist that assigns a quantity to a physical objects without actually measuring it but taking it for granted due to its previous experience (e.g. considering an electron charge as 1.6027663e-19 C, assigning a molecular mass to a gas only by the fact of a name on the bottle).
elucidation: An interpreter who establish the connection between an conventional sign and an object according to a specific convention.

LinearDensityOfElectricCharge
type: Class
comment: The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the length.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77267838
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-5
elucidation: The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the length.

ElectricResistivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+3 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricResistivity'.

LinearEnergyTransfer
type: Class
comment: Measure for the energy lost by charged particles per traversed distance, including only interactions up to a given energy.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearEnergyTransfer
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1699996
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-85
elucidation: Measure for the energy lost by charged particles per traversed distance, including only interactions up to a given energy.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03550

MassPerQuarticTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-4 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerQuarticTime'.

PerAreaTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAreaTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerAreaTime'.

HyperfineStructureQuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Quantum number of an atom describing the inclination of the nuclear spin with respect to a quantization axis given by the magnetic field produced by the orbital electrons.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HyperfineStructureQuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97577449
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.8
elucidation: Quantum number of an atom describing the inclination of the nuclear spin with respect to a quantization axis given by the magnetic field produced by the orbital electrons.

TonnePerMinute
type: Class
comment: unit ton divided by the unit for time minute -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e+01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Tonne Per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TONNE-PER-MIN
ucumCode: t.min-1
unitSymbol: t/min
elucidation: unit ton divided by the unit for time minute -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Language
etymology: From Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”), from Old Latin dingua (“tongue”).

Zepto
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-21.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-21
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: z
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-21.

MixedTiling
type: Class
comment: A well formed tessellation with at least a junction tile.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A well formed tessellation with at least a junction tile.

EquilibriumPositionVector
type: Class
comment: In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion in equilibrium.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EquilibriumPositionVectorOfIon
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105533477
ISO80000Reference: 12-7.2
elucidation: In condensed matter physics, position vector of an atom or ion in equilibrium.

InChI
type: Class
comment: The International Chemical Identifier (InChI) textual identifier proposed by IUPAC to provide a standard encoding for databases of molecular information.
elucidation: The International Chemical Identifier (InChI) textual identifier proposed by IUPAC to provide a standard encoding for databases of molecular information.

ThermodynamicalQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-5.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-5.

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-7:1989-11
annotated target: (according to DIN 8200) Shot peening to generate residual compressive stresses in layers of the blasting material close to the surface in order to improve certain component properties, e.g. fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance (from: DIN 8200:1982)

FloatData
type: Class
comment: A symbolic data representing a 32-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: float
elucidation: A symbolic data representing a 32-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN.

MarkupLanguage
type: Class
comment: A grammar for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text.
example: HTML
elucidation: A grammar for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markup_language

ThermalConductance
type: Class
comment: Reciprocal of the thermal resistance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalConductance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17176562
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-13
elucidation: Reciprocal of the thermal resistance.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06298

TonnePerSecond
type: Class
comment: unit tonne divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Tonne Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TONNE-PER-SEC
ucumCode: t.s-1
unitSymbol: t/s
elucidation: unit tonne divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

ArgonSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the argon atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ar
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the argon atom.

CalciumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for calcium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 40.078
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 20
elucidation: Atom subclass for calcium.

ModulusOfImpedance
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the rms value of the voltage between the terminals of a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the electric current in the element or circuit.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ModulusOfImpedance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25457909
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-51.4
elucidation: Quotient of the rms value of the voltage between the terminals of a two-terminal element or a two-terminal circuit by the rms value of the electric current in the element or circuit.

FermiEnergy
type: Class
comment: In a metal, highest occupied energy level at zero thermodynamic temperature, where energy level means the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FermiEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431335
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-27.1
elucidation: In a metal, highest occupied energy level at zero thermodynamic temperature, where energy level means the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02340

Object
type: Class
comment: The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have all temporal item parts of the same type of the whole.
comment: Indefinitely temporally slicing of an entity leads to temporal parts whose temporal extension is so small that the connectivity relations that define the entity as an item will no longer hold. More generally. a temporal part is no more of type ϕ when the temporal interval is lower than the interval that characterizes the causality interactions between the object parts. In other terms, if the time span of a temporal part is lower than the inverse of the frequency of interactions between the constituents, then the constituents in such temporal part are not connected. The object is no more an object, neither an item, but simply a collection of fundamental quantum parts. For this reason, the definition of object is done by considering only item temporal parts, meaning that slicing in time has the lower limit of a self-connected (i.e. item) entity.
comment: An item can be classified as an object according to a type ϕ (a ϕ-object) if it's a ϕ all its temporal item parts are also of type ϕ. This conceptualisation tries to catch the persistency of type in the temporal parts of an entity.
alternative label: Continuant
alternative label: Endurant
example: Practically speaking, the Object class can be populated by primitive subclasses (e.g. Car) for each of which holds the axiom that all the item parts are of the same type of the whole (e.g. Car SubClassOf hasTemporalItemPart only Car). The intended usage is not for an individual to belong directly to Object, but to belong to a specific subclass of Object that identifies entities with a type-persistent structure.
conceptualisation: An item can be classified as an object according to a type ϕ (a ϕ-object) if it's a ϕ all its temporal item parts are also of type ϕ. This conceptualisation tries to catch the persistency of type in the temporal parts of an entity.
elucidation: The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have all temporal item parts of the same type of the whole.

Constant
type: Class
comment: A variable that stand for a numerical constant, even if it is unknown.
elucidation: A variable that stand for a numerical constant, even if it is unknown.

Crystal
type: Class
comment: A material is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. A solid is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. The word essentially means that most of the intensity of the diffraction is concentrated in relatively sharp Bragg peaks, besides the always present diffuse scattering. In all cases, the positions of the diffraction peaks can be expressed by H=∑ni=1hia∗i (n≥3)
elucidation: A material is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. A solid is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. The word essentially means that most of the intensity of the diffraction is concentrated in relatively sharp Bragg peaks, besides the always present diffuse scattering. In all cases, the positions of the diffraction peaks can be expressed by H=∑ni=1hia∗i (n≥3)

Interpreter
type: Class
comment: The entity (or agent, or observer, or cognitive entity) who connects 'Sign', 'Interpretant' and 'Object'.
comment: The interpreter is not the ontologist, being the ontologist acting outside the ontology at the meta-ontology level. On the contrary, the interpreter is an agent recognized by the ontologist. The semiotic branch of the EMMO is the tool used by the ontologist to represent an interpreter's semiotic activity.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
example: For example, the ontologist may be interest in cataloguing in the EMMO how the same object (e.g. a cat) is addressed using different signs (e.g. cat, gatto, chat) by different interpreters (e.g. english, italian or french people). The same applies for the results of measurements: the ontologist may be interest to represent in the EMMO how different measurement processes (i.e. semiosis) lead to different quantitative results (i.e. signs) according to different measurement devices (i.e. interpreters).
elucidation: The entity (or agent, or observer, or cognitive entity) who connects 'Sign', 'Interpretant' and 'Object'.

SquareMicroMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-12
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Micrometre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM2
ucumCode: um2
unitSymbol: μm²
elucidation: 0.000000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

PerSquareMetreSecond
type: Class
comment: Per square metre and second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSquareMetreSecond
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M2-SEC
ucumCode: m-2.s-1
unitSymbol: /(m²⋅s)
elucidation: Per square metre and second.

AnalogData
type: Class
comment: The fact that there may be a finite granularity in the variations of the material basis (e.g. the smallest peak in a vynil that can be recognized by the piezo-electric transducer) does not prevent a data to be analog. It means only that the focus on such data encoding is on a scale that makes such variations negligible, making them practically a continuum.
comment: Data that are decoded retaining its continuous variations characteristic.
example: A vynil contain continuous information about the recorded sound.
elucidation: Data that are decoded retaining its continuous variations characteristic.

Radioactivity
type: Class
comment: Decays per unit time.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: RadioactiveActivity
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificActivity
elucidation: Decays per unit time.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00114

UndefinedEdgeCutting
type: Class
alternative label: Spanen mit geometrisch unbestimmten Schneiden

SubjectiveProperty
type: Class
comment: A quantity whos value that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community).
example: The measure of beauty on a scale from 1 to 10.
elucidation: A quantity whos value that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community).

PeltierCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Quotient of Peltier heat power developed at a junction, and the electric current flowing from substance a to substance b.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PeltierCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105801003
ISO80000Reference: 12-22
elucidation: Quotient of Peltier heat power developed at a junction, and the electric current flowing from substance a to substance b.

Lux
type: Class
comment: The SI unit for measuring the illumination (illuminance) of a surface. One lux is defined as an illumination of one lumen per square meter or 0.0001 phot. In considering the various light units, it's useful to think about light originating at a point and shining upon a surface. The intensity of the light source is measured in candelas; the total light flux in transit is measured in lumens (1 lumen = 1 candelau·steradian); and the amount of light received per unit of surface area is measured in lux (1 lux = 1 lumen/square meter). One lux is equal to approximately 0.09290 foot candle. -- QUDT
comment: SI unit for illuminance.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: lx
uneceCommonCode: LUX
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LUX
ucumCode: lx
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lux
elucidation: SI unit for illuminance.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lux
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03651

Siemens
type: Class
comment: SI unit for electrical conductance.
comment: Siemens is the SI unit of electric conductance, susceptance, and admittance. The most important property of a conductor is the amount of current it will carry when a voltage is applied. Current flow is opposed by resistance in all circuits, and by also by reactance and impedance in alternating current circuits. Conductance, susceptance, and admittance are the inverses of resistance, reactance, and impedance, respectively. To measure these properties, the siemens is the reciprocal of the ohm. In other words, the conductance, susceptance, or admittance, in siemens, is simply 1 divided by the resistance, reactance or impedance, respectively, in ohms. The unit is named for the German electrical engineer Werner von Siemens (1816-1892). -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: S
uneceCommonCode: SIE
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S
ucumCode: S
elucidation: SI unit for electrical conductance.
comment: S = A/V = F/s
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_(unit)

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: TangibleProduct
etymology: From late Latin tangibilis, from tangere ‘to touch’.

DegreeCelsiusPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Degree Celsius per metre unit.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-M
ucumCode: Cel.m-1
unitSymbol: °C/m
elucidation: Degree Celsius per metre unit.

ActiniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for actinium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 227.02775
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 89
elucidation: Atom subclass for actinium.

ReactionSintering
type: Class
see also: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy reaction sintering: process wherein at least two constituents of a powder mixture react during sintering

hasSymbolValue
type: FunctionalProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO symbol data entity.
domain: Class

EnergyPerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyPerAmount'.

YtterbiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the ytterbium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Yb
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the ytterbium atom.

CubicMetrePerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: `Cubic Meter per Square Second` is a C.G.S System unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as m³/s² -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Metre per Square Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: m3/s2
ucumCode: m3.s-2
unitSymbol: m³/s²
elucidation: `Cubic Meter per Square Second` is a C.G.S System unit for `Standard Gravitational Parameter` expressed as m³/s² -- QUDT

ProductionSystem
type: Class
comment: A network of objects that implements a production process through a series of interconnected elements.
elucidation: A network of objects that implements a production process through a series of interconnected elements.

Nailing
type: Class
comment: Nailing is joining by hammering or pressing nails (wire pins) as auxiliary parts into the solid material. Several parts are joined by pressing them together (from: DIN 8593 part 3/09.85).
alternative label: Nageln

SpecificHeatCapacity
type: Class
comment: Heat capacity divided by mass.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificHeatCapacity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487756
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Specific_heat_capacity
ISO80000Reference: 5-16.1
elucidation: Heat capacity divided by mass.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05800

ElectricInductance
type: Class
comment: A property of an electrical conductor by which a change in current through it induces an electromotive force in both the conductor itself and in any nearby conductors by mutual inductance.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Inductance
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Inductance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-41.1
elucidation: A property of an electrical conductor by which a change in current through it induces an electromotive force in both the conductor itself and in any nearby conductors by mutual inductance.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04076

MassPerSquareLengthSquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerSquareLengthSquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerSquareLengthSquareTime'.

Quantum
type: Class
comment: A quantum is the most fundamental item (both mereologically and causally) and is considered causally self-connected by definition. The quantum concept recalls the fact that there is lower epistemological limit to our knowledge of the universe, related to the uncertainity principle. Space and time emerge following the network of causal connections between quantum objects. So quantum objects are adimensional objects, that precede space and time dimensions: they are simple beings (in greek οντα). Using physics concepts, we can think the quantum as an elementary particle (e.g. an electron) in a specific state between two causal interactions. A quantum stands for an incoming or outcoming real particle in a Feynman diagram.
comment: The class of entities without proper parts.
comment: The class of the mereological and causal fundamental entities.
comment: A quantum is the EMMO mereological atomistic and causal reductionistic entity. To avoid confusion with the concept of atom coming from physics and to underline the causal reductionistic approach, we will use the expression quantum mereology, instead of atomistic mereology.
alternative label: RealParticle
example: From a physics perspective a quantum can be related to smallest identifiable entities, according to the limits imposed by the uncertainty principle in space and time measurements. However, the quantum mereotopology approach is not restricted only to physics. For example, in a manpower management ontology, a quantum can stand for an hour (time) of a worker (space) activity.
conceptualisation: A quantum is the most fundamental item (both mereologically and causally) and is considered causally self-connected by definition. The quantum concept recalls the fact that there is lower epistemological limit to our knowledge of the universe, related to the uncertainity principle. Space and time emerge following the network of causal connections between quantum objects. So quantum objects are adimensional objects, that precede space and time dimensions: they are simple beings (in greek οντα). Using physics concepts, we can think the quantum as an elementary particle (e.g. an electron) in a specific state between two causal interactions. A quantum stands for an incoming or outcoming real particle in a Feynman diagram.
definition: The class of entities without proper parts.
elucidation: The class of the mereological and causal fundamental entities.

SquareDegreeCelsiusPerSecond
type: Class
comment: Square degree Celsius per second.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C2-PER-SEC
ucumCode: K2.s-1
unitSymbol: °C²⋅s
elucidation: Square degree Celsius per second.

Admittance
type: Class
comment: Inverse of the impendance.
alternative label: ComplexAdmittance
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Admittance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214518
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Admittance
ISO80000Reference: 6-52.1
elucidation: Inverse of the impendance.

PrecipitationHardening
type: Class
comment: hardening of a workpiece caused by the precipitation of one or more compounds from a supersaturated solid solution

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Matter
etymology: From Latin materia (“matter, stuff, material”), from mater (“mother”).

AreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Area'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Area'.

MetrologicalConstruct
type: Class
comment: A symbolic construct used within the discipline of metrology.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A symbolic construct used within the discipline of metrology.

Variable
type: Class
comment: A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set.
example: x k
elucidation: A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set.

BooleanData
type: Class
comment: A data repesenting a boolean number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: boolean
elucidation: A data repesenting a boolean number.

ScientificTheory
type: Class
comment: A scientific theory is a description, objective and observed, produced with scientific methodology.
elucidation: A scientific theory is a description, objective and observed, produced with scientific methodology.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Fusion
etymology: From Latin fusio, from fundere ‘pour, melt’.

LuxHour
type: Class
comment: The SI unit for measuring the illumination (illuminance) of a surface. One lux is defined as an illumination of one lumen per square meter or 0.0001 phot. In considering the various light units, it's useful to think about light originating at a point and shining upon a surface. The intensity of the light source is measured in candelas; the total light flux in transit is measured in lumens (1 lumen = 1 candelau00b7steradian); and the amount of light received per unit of surface area is measured in lux (1 lux = 1 lumen/square meter). One lux is equal to approximately 0.09290 foot candle. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
alternative label: Lux Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LUX-HR
ucumCode: lx.h
unitSymbol: lx⋅hr
elucidation: The SI unit for measuring the illumination (illuminance) of a surface. One lux is defined as an illumination of one lumen per square meter or 0.0001 phot. In considering the various light units, it's useful to think about light originating at a point and shining upon a surface. The intensity of the light source is measured in candelas; the total light flux in transit is measured in lumens (1 lumen = 1 candelau00b7steradian); and the amount of light received per unit of surface area is measured in lux (1 lux = 1 lumen/square meter). One lux is equal to approximately 0.09290 foot candle. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lux

LengthPerCubeTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerCubeTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerCubeTime'.

EmpiricalFormula
type: Class
comment: An expression that provide information about the element type of a compound and their relative ratio.
example: Hydrogen peroxide is HO
elucidation: An expression that provide information about the element type of a compound and their relative ratio.

Quecto
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-30.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: q
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-30
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-30.

DegreePerHour
type: Class
comment: "Degree per Hour" is an Imperial unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as deg/h. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 4.848137e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Degree per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG-PER-HR
ucumCode: deg/h
ucumCode: deg.h-1
unitSymbol: °/h
elucidation: "Degree per Hour" is an Imperial unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as deg/h. -- QUDT

KermaRate
type: Class
comment: Time derivative of kerma.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/KermaRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99713105
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-86.2
elucidation: Time derivative of kerma.

hasURNValue
type: DatatypeProperty

Momentum
type: Class
comment: Product of mass and velocity.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Momentum
ISO80000Reference: 4-8
elucidation: Product of mass and velocity.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04007

PascalPerSecond
type: Class
comment: A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one second. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Pascal per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-SEC
ucumCode: Pa.s-1
ucumCode: Pa/s
unitSymbol: P/s
elucidation: A rate of change of pressure measured as the number of Pascals in a period of one second. -- QUDT

LorenzCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Quotient of thermal conductivity, and the product of electric conductivity and thermodynamic temperature.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: LorenzNumber
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LorenzCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105728754
ISO80000Reference: 12-18
elucidation: Quotient of thermal conductivity, and the product of electric conductivity and thermodynamic temperature.

MicroBecquerel
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit becquerel -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroBQ
ucumCode: uBq
unitSymbol: μBq
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit becquerel -- QUDT

hasInterpretant
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relation that connects a semiotic object to the interpretant in a semiotic process.
elucidation: A relation that connects a semiotic object to the interpretant in a semiotic process.

Persistence
type: Class
comment: The persistence perspective classifies entities according to the persistence of temporal parts of specifc type, introducing the distiction between objects (when a type is conserved through all its time parts) or processes (where a type is not conserved through all its time parts). This perspective provides classes aimed to represent concepts similar to the ones of endurant and perdurant (a.k.a. continuant and occurrent). However, in the EMMO case, an entity is defined as an object or a process according to a specific type, and not per-se. For this reason an entity in the EMMO can be classified both object or a process depending on the reference type, due to the underlying 4D framework (e.g. an individual may belong both to the class of runners and the class of running process), and the distinction is purely representational. This categorisation has been introduced due to the large use of object/process commonsensical concepts, and the fact that our language distinguish between nouns and verbs to address things, forcing the separation between things that happens and things that persist.
comment: The union of the object or process classes.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: The union of the object or process classes.

Atom
type: Class
comment: A standalone atom has direct part one 'nucleus' and one 'electron_cloud'. An O 'atom' within an O₂ 'molecule' is an 'e-bonded_atom'. In this material branch, H atom is a particular case, with respect to higher atomic number atoms, since as soon as it shares its electron it has no nucleus entangled electron cloud. We cannot say that H₂ molecule has direct part two H atoms, but has direct part two H nucleus.
comment: An 'atom' is a 'nucleus' surrounded by an 'electron_cloud', i.e. a quantum system made of one or more bounded electrons.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ChemicalElement
elucidation: A standalone atom has direct part one 'nucleus' and one 'electron_cloud'. An O 'atom' within an O₂ 'molecule' is an 'e-bonded_atom'. In this material branch, H atom is a particular case, with respect to higher atomic number atoms, since as soon as it shares its electron it has no nucleus entangled electron cloud. We cannot say that H₂ molecule has direct part two H atoms, but has direct part two H nucleus.

PotassiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the potassium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: K
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the potassium atom.

ForceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Force'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Force'.

MagneticVectorPotential
type: Class
comment: Vector potential of the magnetic flux density.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticVectorPotential
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2299100
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-32
elucidation: Vector potential of the magnetic flux density.

MolePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: The SI derived unit for amount-of-substance concentration is the mole/cubic meter. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Mole per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M3
ucumCode: mol.m-3
ucumCode: mol/m3
unitSymbol: mol/m³
elucidation: The SI derived unit for amount-of-substance concentration is the mole/cubic meter. -- QUDT

LiquidSol
type: Class
comment: A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in liquid.
elucidation: A type of sol in the form of one solid dispersed in liquid.

LitrePerDay
type: Class
comment: unit litre divided by the unit day -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-08
alternative label: Litre Per Day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-DAY
ucumCode: L/d
ucumCode: L.d-1
unitSymbol: L/day
elucidation: unit litre divided by the unit day -- QUDT

StrontiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for strontium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 87.62
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 38
elucidation: Atom subclass for strontium.

SeleniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for selenium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 34
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 78.971
elucidation: Atom subclass for selenium.

SamariumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for samarium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 150.36
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 62
elucidation: Atom subclass for samarium.

Assemblying
type: Class
comment: The act of connecting together the parts of something
comment: No loss or adds of parts by the components, nor merging. In assemblying parts are losing some of theirs movement degrees of freedom.
elucidation: The act of connecting together the parts of something

RestEnergy
type: Class
comment: E_0 = m_0 * c_0^2 where m_0 is the rest mass of that particle and c_0 is the speed of light in a vacuum.
comment: Product of the rest mass and the square of the speed of light in vacuum.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11663629
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-3
elucidation: Product of the rest mass and the square of the speed of light in vacuum.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant_mass#Rest_energy

SolidFoam
type: Class
comment: A foam of trapped gas in a solid.
example: Aerogel
elucidation: A foam of trapped gas in a solid.

ParticleConcentration
type: Class
comment: Number of particles of a given species per volume.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39078574
ISO80000Reference: 9-9.1
elucidation: Number of particles of a given species per volume.

TransformationLanguage
type: Class
comment: A construction language designed to transform some input text in a certain formal language into a modified output text that meets some specific goal.
example: Tritium, XSLT, XQuery, STX, FXT, XDuce, CDuce, HaXml, XMLambda, FleXML
elucidation: A construction language designed to transform some input text in a certain formal language into a modified output text that meets some specific goal.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_language

MassPerCubicTimeQuarticTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerCubicTimeQuarticTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L0 M+1 I0 Θ-4 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerCubicTimeQuarticTemperature'.

ReciprocalHour
type: Class
comment: A reciprocal unit of time for `reciprocal hour` or "inverse hour". -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+02
alternative label: Reciprocal Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-HR
ucumCode: h-1
ucumCode: /h
unitSymbol: /hr
elucidation: A reciprocal unit of time for `reciprocal hour` or "inverse hour". -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Artifact
etymology: From Latin arte ‘by or using art’ + factum ‘something made’.

LuminousEfficacyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousEfficacy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-2 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousEfficacy'.

HybridMatter
type: Class
comment: Matter composed of both matter and antimatter fundamental particles.
elucidation: Matter composed of both matter and antimatter fundamental particles.

MolePerSquareMetrePerDay
type: Class
comment: quantity of matter per unit area per unit of time. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-05
alternative label: Moles per square metre per day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-DAY
ucumCode: mol.m-2.d-1
unitSymbol: mol/(m²⋅day)
elucidation: quantity of matter per unit area per unit of time. -- QUDT

PascalPerMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Pascal Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-M
ucumCode: Pa/m
ucumCode: Pa.m-1
unitSymbol: Pa/m
elucidation: SI derived unit pascal divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

ElectroSinterForging
type: Class

ApplicationProgram
type: Class
comment: A program aimed to provide a specific high level function to the user, usually hiding lower level procedures.
alternative label: App
alternative label: Application
example: Word processors, graphic image processing programs, database management systems, numerical simulation software and games.
elucidation: A program aimed to provide a specific high level function to the user, usually hiding lower level procedures.

Neper
type: Class
comment: Unit of measurement for quantities of type level or level difference, which are defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of power- or field-type quantities. The value of a ratio in nepers is given by `ln(x1/x2)` where `x1` and `x2` are the values of interest (amplitudes), and ln is the natural logarithm. When the values are quadratic in the amplitude (e.g. power), they are first linearised by taking the square root before the logarithm is taken, or equivalently the result is halved. Wikipedia
comment: The neper is a logarithmic unit for ratios of measurements of physical field and power quantities, such as gain and loss of electronic signals. It has the unit symbol Np. The unit's name is derived from the name of John Napier, the inventor of logarithms. As is the case for the decibel and bel, the neper is not a unit in the International System of Units (SI), but it is accepted for use alongside the SI. Like the decibel, the neper is a unit in a logarithmic scale. While the bel uses the decadic (base-10) logarithm to compute ratios, the neper uses the natural logarithm, based on Euler's number -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Np
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
uneceCommonCode: C50
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NP
ucumCode: Np
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Neper
definition: Unit of measurement for quantities of type level or level difference, which are defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of power- or field-type quantities. The value of a ratio in nepers is given by `ln(x1/x2)` where `x1` and `x2` are the values of interest (amplitudes), and ln is the natural logarithm. When the values are quadratic in the amplitude (e.g. power), they are first linearised by taking the square root before the logarithm is taken, or equivalently the result is halved. Wikipedia
elucidation: The neper is a logarithmic unit for ratios of measurements of physical field and power quantities, such as gain and loss of electronic signals. It has the unit symbol Np. The unit's name is derived from the name of John Napier, the inventor of logarithms. As is the case for the decibel and bel, the neper is not a unit in the International System of Units (SI), but it is accepted for use alongside the SI. Like the decibel, the neper is a unit in a logarithmic scale. While the bel uses the decadic (base-10) logarithm to compute ratios, the neper uses the natural logarithm, based on Euler's number -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neper
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04106

PerThermalTransmittanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerThermalTransmittance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L0 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerThermalTransmittance'.

OhmMetre
type: Class
comment: Ohm metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/OHM-M
ucumCode: Ohm.m
unitSymbol: Ω⋅m
elucidation: Ohm metre.

WorkFunction
type: Class
comment: Least energy required for the emission of a conduction electron.
comment: Work function is the energy difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the Fermi level in the interior of a substance.
alternative label: ElectronWorkFunction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783800
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-24.1
elucidation: Least energy required for the emission of a conduction electron.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02015

JavaScript
type: Class

ActivityCoefficient
type: Class
comment: A coefficient in thermodynamics used to account for deviation of a mixture of chemical substances from ideal behaviour.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActivityCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745224
ISO80000Reference: 9-25
elucidation: A coefficient in thermodynamics used to account for deviation of a mixture of chemical substances from ideal behaviour.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00116

PicoPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "pico" (1e-12).
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-12
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "pico" (1e-12).

SISpecialUnit
type: Class
comment: These units are SI coherent by definition.
comment: The 22 derived units that are given a special name in the SI system that stands for units derived by SI base units.
disjoint union of: Becquerel
disjoint union of: Coulomb
disjoint union of: DegreeCelsius
disjoint union of: Farad
disjoint union of: Gray
disjoint union of: Henry
disjoint union of: Hertz
disjoint union of: Joule
disjoint union of: Katal
disjoint union of: Lumen
disjoint union of: Lux
disjoint union of: Newton
disjoint union of: Ohm
disjoint union of: Pascal
disjoint union of: Radian
disjoint union of: Siemens
disjoint union of: Sievert
disjoint union of: Steradian
disjoint union of: Tesla
disjoint union of: Volt
disjoint union of: Watt
disjoint union of: Weber
elucidation: The 22 derived units that are given a special name in the SI system that stands for units derived by SI base units.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Units#Derived_units

hasDeducer
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation connecting an index sign to the interpreter (deducer) in a deduction process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation connecting an index sign to the interpreter (deducer) in a deduction process.

AreaFractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two areas.
example: Unit for solid angle.
elucidation: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two areas.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8584-1:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a combined tensile and compressive stress.

EMMC ASBL
type: NamedIndividual
full address: EMMC ASBL European Materials Modelling Council Silversquare Stéphanie Avenue Louise 54 1050 Brussels CBE no: 0731 621 312

contact
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The annotation should include an email address.
comment: A person or organisation acting as a contact point for enquiries about the ontology resource
sub property of: comment
elucidation: A person or organisation acting as a contact point for enquiries about the ontology resource

ReciprocalDuration
type: Class
comment: A quantity defined as the inverse of time.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: InverseDuration
alternative label: ReciprocalTime
alternative label: InverseTime
example: Frequency or rate.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InverseTime
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98690850
elucidation: A quantity defined as the inverse of time.

AcceptorDensity
type: Class
comment: quotient of number of acceptor levels and volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AcceptorDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105979968
ISO80000Reference: 12-29.5
elucidation: quotient of number of acceptor levels and volume.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: ManufacturedProduct
etymology: From Latin manufacture: "made by hand".

Smoke
type: Class
comment: Smoke is a solid aerosol made of particles emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis.
elucidation: Smoke is a solid aerosol made of particles emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis.

Bending
type: Class
comment: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress

YttriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the yttrium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Y
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the yttrium atom.

Behaviour
type: Class
comment: A process which is an holistic temporal part of an object.
example: Accelerating is a behaviour of a car.
elucidation: A process which is an holistic temporal part of an object.

FaradPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Farad Per Meter (F/m) is a unit in the category of Electric permittivity. It is also known as farad/meter. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Farad Per Meter has a dimension of M-1L-3T4I2 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Farad per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FARAD-PER-M
ucumCode: F/m
ucumCode: F.m-1
unitSymbol: F/m
elucidation: Farad Per Meter (F/m) is a unit in the category of Electric permittivity. It is also known as farad/meter. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Farad Per Meter has a dimension of M-1L-3T4I2 where M is mass, L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

RutheniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the ruthenium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ru
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the ruthenium atom.

hasObjectiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates an object to a quantity describing a quantifiable property of the object obtained via a well-defined procedure.

RefractiveIndex
type: Class
comment: Factor by which the phase velocity of light is reduced in a medium.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RefractiveIndex
elucidation: Factor by which the phase velocity of light is reduced in a medium.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05240

CubicMetrePerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Cubic metre per Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-K
ucumCode: m3.K-1
unitSymbol: m³/K
elucidation: Cubic metre per Kelvin.

String
type: Class
comment: A physical made of more than one symbol sequentially arranged.
comment: A string is made of concatenated symbols whose arrangement is one-dimensional. Each symbol can have only one previous and one next neighborhood (bidirectional list).
example: The word "cat" considered as a collection of 'symbol'-s respecting the rules of english language. In this example the 'symbolic' entity "cat" is not related to the real cat, but it is only a word (like it would be to an italian person that ignores the meaning of this english word). If an 'interpreter' skilled in english language is involved in a 'semiotic' process with this word, that "cat" became also a 'sign' i.e. it became for the 'interpreter' a representation for a real cat.
elucidation: A physical made of more than one symbol sequentially arranged.
comment: A string is not requested to respect any syntactic rule: it's simply directly made of symbols.

AmperePerRadian
type: Class
comment: `Ampere per Radian` is a derived unit for measuring the amount of current per unit measure of angle, expressed in ampere per radian. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Ampere per Radian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-RAD
ucumCode: A.rad-1
ucumCode: A/rad
unitSymbol: A/rad
elucidation: `Ampere per Radian` is a derived unit for measuring the amount of current per unit measure of angle, expressed in ampere per radian. -- QUDT

ElectricFieldStrengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFieldStrength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+1 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricFieldStrength'.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Holistic
etymology: Holism (from Greek ὅλος holos "all, whole, entire").

Expression
type: Class
comment: A well-formed finite combination of mathematical symbols according to some specific rules.
elucidation: A well-formed finite combination of mathematical symbols according to some specific rules.

Cleaning
type: Class
comment: Process for removing unwanted residual or waste material from a given product or material

KelvinPerTesla
type: Class
comment: `Kelvin per Tesla` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Magnetic Flux Density' expressed as K T⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Kelvin per Tesla
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PER-T
ucumCode: K.T-1
unitSymbol: K/T
elucidation: `Kelvin per Tesla` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Magnetic Flux Density' expressed as K T⁻¹. -- QUDT

Cogniser
type: Class
comment: An interpreter who establish the connection between an icon an an object recognizing their resemblance (e.g. logical, pictorial)
subclass of: Restriction
example: The scientist that connects an equation to a physical phenomenon.
elucidation: An interpreter who establish the connection between an icon an an object recognizing their resemblance (e.g. logical, pictorial)

Naming
type: Class
comment: A declaration that provides a sign for an object that is independent from any assignment rule.
example: A unique id attached to an entity.
elucidation: A declaration that provides a sign for an object that is independent from any assignment rule.

Axiom
annotated target: Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability.

Becquerel
type: Class
comment: The SI derived unit of activity, usually meaning radioactivity. "Radioactivity" is caused when atoms disintegrate, ejecting energetic particles. One becquerel is the radiation caused by one disintegration per second; this is equivalent to about 27.0270 picocuries (pCi). The unit is named for a French physicist, Antoine-Henri Becquerel (1852-1908), the discoverer of radioactivity. Note: both the becquerel and the hertz are basically defined as one event per second, yet they measure different things. The hertz is used to measure the rates of events that happen periodically in a fixed and definite cycle. The becquerel is used to measure the rates of events that happen sporadically and unpredictably, not in a definite cycle. -- QUDT
comment: Radioactive decays per second.
comment: SI unit for radioactive activity.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Bq
uneceCommonCode: BQL
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/BQ
ucumCode: Bq
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Becquerel
definition: Radioactive decays per second.
elucidation: SI unit for radioactive activity.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becquerel
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00624

AlgebricEquation
type: Class
comment: An 'equation' that has parts two 'polynomial'-s
subclass of: Restriction
example: 2 * a - b = c

PerCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: reciprocal of the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
alternative label: ReciprocalCentimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-CentiM
ucumCode: cm-1
ucumCode: /cm
unitSymbol: /cm
elucidation: reciprocal of the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

Holistic
type: Class
comment: A perspective characterized by the belief that: - a whole is more than merely the sum of its parts (wholism) - the parts of a whole are interconnected in a way that can be explained only by reference to the whole (rolism).
comment: An holistic perspective considers each part of the whole as equally important, without the need to position the parts within a hierarchy (in time or space). The interest is on the whole object and on its parts (how they contribute to the whole, i.e. their roles), without going further into specifying the spatial hierarchy or the temporal position of each part. This class allows the picking of parts without necessarily going trough a rigid hierarchy of spatial compositions (e.g. body -> organ -> cell -> molecule) or temporal composition. This is inline with the transitive nature of parthood, as it is usually defined in literature. The holistic perspective is not excluding the reductionistic perspective, on the contrary it can be considered its complement.
comment: The union of classes whole and part.
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: Wholistic
example: A product is a role that can be fulfilled by many objects, but always requires a process to which the product participates and from which it is generated.
example: A molecule of a body can have role in the body evolution, without caring if its part of a specific organ and without specifying the time interval in which this role occurred.
conceptualisation: An holistic perspective considers each part of the whole as equally important, without the need to position the parts within a hierarchy (in time or space). The interest is on the whole object and on its parts (how they contribute to the whole, i.e. their roles), without going further into specifying the spatial hierarchy or the temporal position of each part. This class allows the picking of parts without necessarily going trough a rigid hierarchy of spatial compositions (e.g. body -> organ -> cell -> molecule) or temporal composition. This is inline with the transitive nature of parthood, as it is usually defined in literature. The holistic perspective is not excluding the reductionistic perspective, on the contrary it can be considered its complement.
definition: The union of classes whole and part.
elucidation: A perspective characterized by the belief that: - a whole is more than merely the sum of its parts (wholism) - the parts of a whole are interconnected in a way that can be explained only by reference to the whole (rolism).

RelaxationTime
type: Class
comment: time constant for scattering, trapping or annihilation of charge carriers, phonons or other quasiparticles
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106041085
ISO80000Reference: 12-32.1
elucidation: time constant for scattering, trapping or annihilation of charge carriers, phonons or other quasiparticles

Nucleus
type: Class
comment: The small, dense region at the centre of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: The small, dense region at the centre of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons.

KelvinMetrePerWatt
type: Class
comment: product of the SI base unit kelvin and the SI base unit metre divided by the derived SI unit watt -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Kelvin Metre Per Watt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-K-PER-W
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M-PER-W
ucumCode: K.m.W-1
unitSymbol: K⋅m/W
elucidation: product of the SI base unit kelvin and the SI base unit metre divided by the derived SI unit watt -- QUDT

WattPerSquareMetrePerNanoMetrePerSteradian
type: Class
comment: Watt per square metre and nanometre and steradian unit.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-NanoM-SR
ucumCode: W.m-2.nm-1.sr-1
unitSymbol: W/m²⋅nm⋅sr
elucidation: Watt per square metre and nanometre and steradian unit.

IRI
type: Class
comment: An Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. It is similar to URI, but greatly extends the allowed character set from ASCII to the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646)..
comment: IRIs are commonly used as identifiers for ontological entities, although the extended unicode character set is rarely used.
example: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ῥόδος
elucidation: An Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. It is similar to URI, but greatly extends the allowed character set from ASCII to the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646)..
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalized_Resource_Identifier

NewtonPerKilogram
type: Class
comment: Gravitational field strength at a point is the gravitational force per unit mass at that point. It is a vector and its S.I. unit is N kg-1. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: N.kg-1
unitSymbol: N/kg
elucidation: Gravitational field strength at a point is the gravitational force per unit mass at that point. It is a vector and its S.I. unit is N kg-1. -- QUDT

MeanFreePathOfPhonons
type: Class
comment: average distance that phonons travel between two successive interactions
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PhononMeanFreePath
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105672255
ISO80000Reference: 12-15.1
elucidation: average distance that phonons travel between two successive interactions

isNotCauseOf
type: ObjectProperty
comment: x isNotCauseOf y iff not(x isCauseOf y)
definition: x isNotCauseOf y iff not(x isCauseOf y)

interactsWith
type: SymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
comment: The relation between two causally reachable entities through a path of contacts relations (i.e. representing physical interactions).
alternative label: alongsideOf
example: I'm interacting with another tennis player through a ball. Or, two people in a webconference are interacting using a mediator which is the network signal.
elucidation: The relation between two causally reachable entities through a path of contacts relations (i.e. representing physical interactions).

DarmastadtiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the darmastadtium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ds
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the darmastadtium atom.

SolidSolidSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of solid in a solid continuum phase.
example: Granite, sand, dried concrete.
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of solid in a solid continuum phase.

hasBeginTask
type: ObjectProperty

Icon
type: Class
comment: If object and sign belongs to the same class, then the sign is fuctional, diagrammatic and resemblance. For example, when a Boeing 747 is used as a sign for another Boeing 747.
comment: In Peirce semiotics three subtypes of icon are possible: (a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture) (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart) (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else [Wikipedia]
comment: A sign that stands for an object by resembling or imitating it, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: Model
alternative label: Simulacrum
example: An equation that reproduces the logical connection of the properties of a physical entity.
example: A picture that reproduces the aspect of a person.
elucidation: A sign that stands for an object by resembling or imitating it, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure.

MeasuredProperty
type: Class
comment: The specification of a measurand requires knowledge of the kind of quantity, description of the state of the phenomenon, body, or substance carrying the quantity, including any relevant component, and the chemical entities involved. -- VIM
comment: A quantity that is the result of a well-defined measurement procedure.
elucidation: A quantity that is the result of a well-defined measurement procedure.

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 15531-1:2004 discrete manufacturing: production of discrete items.

FaradPerKiloMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit farad divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Farad Per Kilometre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FARAD-PER-KiloM
ucumCode: F.km-1
ucumCode: F/km
unitSymbol: F/km
elucidation: SI derived unit farad divided by the 1 000-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

isDirectCauseOf
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Direct cause is irreflexive.
comment: A causal relation between the causing and the effected entities occurring without intermediaries.
comment: Direct causality is a concept that capture the idea of contact between two entities, given the fact that there are no causal intermediaries between them. It requires that at least a quantum of the causing entity is direct cause of a quantum of the caused entity. It does not exclude the possibility of indirect causal routes between proper parts of the two entities.
conceptualisation: Direct causality is a concept that capture the idea of contact between two entities, given the fact that there are no causal intermediaries between them. It requires that at least a quantum of the causing entity is direct cause of a quantum of the caused entity. It does not exclude the possibility of indirect causal routes between proper parts of the two entities.
elucidation: A causal relation between the causing and the effected entities occurring without intermediaries.
comment: Direct cause provides the edges for the transitive restriction of the direct acyclic causal graph whose nodes are the quantum entities.

Axiom
annotated target: One-dimensional manifolds include lines and circles, but not self-crossing curves. Two-dimensional manifolds are also called surfaces. Examples include the plane, the sphere, and the torus, and also the Klein bottle and real projective plane.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifold

LitrePerLitre
type: Class
comment: volume ratio consisting of the unit litre divided by the unit litre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Litre Per Litre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-L
ucumCode: L.L-1
ucumCode: L/L
unitSymbol: L/L
elucidation: volume ratio consisting of the unit litre divided by the unit litre -- QUDT

PowerPerAreaVolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerPerAreaVolume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L-3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PowerPerAreaVolume'.

JouleSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Joule square metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-M2
ucumCode: J.m2
unitSymbol: J⋅m²
elucidation: Joule square metre.

GramPerDay
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit day -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-08
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Gram Per Day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-DAY
ucumCode: g.d-1
unitSymbol: g/day
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit day -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated target: A material is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. A solid is a crystal if it has essentially a sharp diffraction pattern. The word essentially means that most of the intensity of the diffraction is concentrated in relatively sharp Bragg peaks, besides the always present diffuse scattering. In all cases, the positions of the diffraction peaks can be expressed by H=∑ni=1hia∗i (n≥3)

SquarePascalPerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: Square Pascal per square second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA2-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: Pa2.s-2
unitSymbol: Pa²/s²
elucidation: Square Pascal per square second.

ElectronVolt
type: Class
comment: An electron volt (eV) is the energy that an electron gains when it travels through a potential of one volt. You can imagine that the electron starts at the negative plate of a parallel plate capacitor and accelerates to the positive plate, which is at one volt higher potential. Numerically 1 eV approximates 1.6x10⁻¹⁹ joules, where 1 joule is 6.2x10¹⁸ eV. For example, it would take 6.2x10²⁰ eV/sec to light a 100 watt light bulb. -- QUDT
comment: The amount of energy gained (or lost) by the charge of a single electron moving across an electric potential difference of one volt.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.602177e-19
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: eV
uneceCommonCode: A53
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/EV
ucumCode: eV
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Electronvolt
definition: The amount of energy gained (or lost) by the charge of a single electron moving across an electric potential difference of one volt.
elucidation: An electron volt (eV) is the energy that an electron gains when it travels through a potential of one volt. You can imagine that the electron starts at the negative plate of a parallel plate capacitor and accelerates to the positive plate, which is at one volt higher potential. Numerically 1 eV approximates 1.6x10⁻¹⁹ joules, where 1 joule is 6.2x10¹⁸ eV. For example, it would take 6.2x10²⁰ eV/sec to light a 100 watt light bulb. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_volt
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02014

TensorMeson
type: Class
comment: A meson with spin two.
elucidation: A meson with spin two.

CoatingManufacturing
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing in which an adherent layer of amorphous material is applied to a workpiece.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
alternative label: Beschichten @de
elucidation: A manufacturing in which an adherent layer of amorphous material is applied to a workpiece.

YottaPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "yotta" (1e24).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+24
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "yotta" (1e24).

MagneticFluxDensity
type: Class
comment: Strength of the magnetic field.
comment: Often denoted B.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MagneticInduction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFluxDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30204
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-21
elucidation: Strength of the magnetic field.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03686

CubicExpansionCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Quantity characterizing the variation with thermodynamic temperature T of the volume V of a body, under given conditions.
comment: alpha_V = (1/V) * (dV/dT)
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CubicExpansionCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74761076
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-3.2
elucidation: Quantity characterizing the variation with thermodynamic temperature T of the volume V of a body, under given conditions.

TonnePerHour
type: Class
comment: unit tonne divided by the unit for time hour -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-01
alternative label: Tonne Per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TONNE-PER-HR
ucumCode: t.h-1
unitSymbol: t/hr
elucidation: unit tonne divided by the unit for time hour -- QUDT

IterativeStep
type: Class
comment: A workflow whose output can be used as input for another workflow of the same type, iteratively, within the framework of a larger workflow.
example: Jacobi method numerical step, involving the multiplication between a matrix A and a vector x, whose result is used to update the vector x.
elucidation: A workflow whose output can be used as input for another workflow of the same type, iteratively, within the framework of a larger workflow.

GasSolidSuspension
type: Class
comment: A coarse dispersion of solid in a gas continuum phase.
example: Dust, sand storm.
elucidation: A coarse dispersion of solid in a gas continuum phase.

Hertz
type: Class
comment: SI unit for frequence.
comment: The hertz (symbol Hz) is the SI unit of frequency defined as the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon. One of its most common uses is the description of the sine wave, particularly those used in radio and audio applications, such as the frequency of musical tones. The word "hertz" is named for Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, who was the first to conclusively prove the existence of electromagnetic waves. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Hz
uneceCommonCode: HTZ
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ
ucumCode: Hz
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hertz
elucidation: SI unit for frequence.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02785

DegreePerMetre
type: Class
comment: A change of angle in one SI unit of length. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.745329e-02
alternative label: Degrees per metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG-PER-M
ucumCode: deg.m-1
unitSymbol: °/m
elucidation: A change of angle in one SI unit of length. -- QUDT

HelmholtzEnergy
type: Class
comment: Internal energy minus the product of thermodynamic temperature and entropy.
alternative label: HelmholtzFreeEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865821
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-20.4
elucidation: Internal energy minus the product of thermodynamic temperature and entropy.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02772

URN
type: Class
comment: The term "Uniform Resource Name" (URN) has been used historically to refer to both URIs under the "urn" scheme [RFC2141], which are required to remain globally unique and persistent even when the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable, and to any other URI with the properties of a name.
elucidation: The term "Uniform Resource Name" (URN) has been used historically to refer to both URIs under the "urn" scheme [RFC2141], which are required to remain globally unique and persistent even when the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable, and to any other URI with the properties of a name.

distinctOverlaps
type: SymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty

PH
type: Class
comment: Written as pH
comment: At about 25 °C aqueous solutions with: pH < 7 are acidic; pH = 7 are neutral; pH > 7 are alkaline. At temperatures far from 25 °C the pH of a neutral solution differs significantly from 7.
comment: Number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aH+ of the hydrogen cation H+ pH = −10 log(a_H+).
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: For more details, see ISO 80000-9:2009, Annex C
elucidation: Number quantifying the acidic or the alkaline character of a solution, equal to the negative of the decimal logarithm of ion activity aH+ of the hydrogen cation H+ pH = −10 log(a_H+).
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04524

hasQuantity
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates the result of a semiotic process to ont of its optained quantities.
elucidation: Relates the result of a semiotic process to ont of its optained quantities.

ManufacturedProduct
type: Class
comment: An object that has been designed and manufactured for a particular purpose.
alternative label: Artifact
alternative label: Engineered
alternative label: TangibleProduct
example: Car, tire, composite material.
elucidation: An object that has been designed and manufactured for a particular purpose.

Dispersion
type: Class
comment: A material in which distributed particles of one phase are dispersed in a different continuous phase.
elucidation: A material in which distributed particles of one phase are dispersed in a different continuous phase.

Axiom
annotated property: isDefinedBy
annotated target: CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata”

AmountConcentrationUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConcentration'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConcentration'.

CandelaPerLumen
type: Class
comment: Candela per Lumen.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CD-PER-LM
unitSymbol: cd/lm
elucidation: Candela per Lumen.

PerCubicMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: reciprocal value of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalCubicMilliMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MilliM3
ucumCode: mm-3
unitSymbol: /mm³
elucidation: reciprocal value of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

AtomicAttenuationCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the number density, n, of atoms in the substance.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98592911
ISO80000Reference: 10-52
elucidation: Quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient µ and the number density, n, of atoms in the substance.

PressureCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Change of pressure per change of temperature at constant volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PressureCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74762732
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-4
elucidation: Change of pressure per change of temperature at constant volume.

AmperePerCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
alternative label: Ampere Per Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-CentiM
ucumCode: A.cm-1
unitSymbol: A/cm
elucidation: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.01-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

AmpereHourPerLitre
type: Class
comment: a unit of electric charge per volume
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
elucidation: a unit of electric charge per volume

MaterialRelationComputation
type: Class

MassPerElectricChargeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerElectricCharge'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerElectricCharge'.

CarbonSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the carbon atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: C
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the carbon atom.

MassConcentrationOfWater
type: Class
comment: The mass concentration of water at saturation is denoted wsat.
comment: Quotient of the mass of water in a three-dimensional domain, irrespective of the form of aggregation, by the volume of the domain.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentrationOfWater
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378758
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-27
elucidation: Quotient of the mass of water in a three-dimensional domain, irrespective of the form of aggregation, by the volume of the domain.

LumenPerWatt
type: Class
comment: A measurement of luminous efficacy, which is the light output in lumens using one watt of electricity. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Lumen per Watt
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LM-PER-W
ucumCode: lm.W-1
unitSymbol: lm/W
elucidation: A measurement of luminous efficacy, which is the light output in lumens using one watt of electricity. -- QUDT

QuarticMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: Metre to the power four per second.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M4-PER-SEC
ucumCode: m4.s-1
unitSymbol: m⁴/s
elucidation: Metre to the power four per second.

Minute
type: Class
comment: Non-SI time unit defined as 60 seconds.
comment: A minute is a unit of measurement of time. The minute is a unit of time equal to 1/60 (the first sexagesimal fraction of an hour or 60 seconds. In the UTC time scale, a minute on rare occasions has 59 or 61 seconds; see leap second. The minute is not an SI unit; however, it is accepted for use with SI units. The SI symbol for minute or minutes is min (for time measurement) or the prime symbol after a number, e.g. 5' (for angle measurement, even if it is informally used for time). -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 6e+01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: min
uneceCommonCode: MIN
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MIN
ucumCode: min
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/page/Minute
definition: Non-SI time unit defined as 60 seconds.
elucidation: A minute is a unit of measurement of time. The minute is a unit of time equal to 1/60 (the first sexagesimal fraction of an hour or 60 seconds. In the UTC time scale, a minute on rare occasions has 59 or 61 seconds; see leap second. The minute is not an SI unit; however, it is accepted for use with SI units. The SI symbol for minute or minutes is min (for time measurement) or the prime symbol after a number, e.g. 5' (for angle measurement, even if it is informally used for time). -- QUDT

NanoMaterial
type: Class
comment: Nanomaterials are Materials possessing, at minimum, one external dimension measuring 1-100nm
elucidation: Nanomaterials are Materials possessing, at minimum, one external dimension measuring 1-100nm

PerMole
type: Class
comment: Per Mole Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions mol⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalMole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MOL
ucumCode: mol-1
unitSymbol: /mol
elucidation: Per Mole Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions mol⁻¹. -- QUDT

AngularWaveNumber
type: Class
comment: In condensed matter physics, quotient of momentum and the reduced Planck constant.
alternative label: AngularRepetency
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularWavenumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105542089
ISO80000Reference: 12-9.1
elucidation: In condensed matter physics, quotient of momentum and the reduced Planck constant.

WattPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: "Watt per Square Meter} is a unit of irradiance defined as the power received per area. This is a unit in the category of Energy flux. It is also known as watts per square meter, watt per square metre, watts per square metre, watt/square meter, watt/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter (W/m²) has a dimension of MT^{-3" where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Watt per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2
ucumCode: W/m2
ucumCode: W.m-2
unitSymbol: W/m²
elucidation: "Watt per Square Meter} is a unit of irradiance defined as the power received per area. This is a unit in the category of Energy flux. It is also known as watts per square meter, watt per square metre, watts per square metre, watt/square meter, watt/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Watt Per Square Meter (W/m²) has a dimension of MT^{-3" where M is mass, and T is time. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

NeelTemperature
type: Class
comment: Critical thermodynamic temperature of an antiferromagnet.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830311
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-35.2
elucidation: Critical thermodynamic temperature of an antiferromagnet.

AreaTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+2 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTemperature'.

VolumePerAmountTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmountTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerAmountTime'.

OWLDLRestrictedAxiom
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability.
sub property of: comment
elucidation: Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability.

IntentionalAgent
type: Class
comment: Intentionality is not limited to human agents, but in general to all agents that have the capacity to decide to act in driving a process according to a motivation.
comment: An agent that is driven by the intention to reach a defined objective in driving a process.
elucidation: An agent that is driven by the intention to reach a defined objective in driving a process.

VolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Volume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Volume'.

ChemicalCompound
type: Class
comment: A chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds.
elucidation: A chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compound

LuminousFlux
type: Class
comment: Perceived power of light.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LuminousFlux
ISO80000Reference: 7-13
elucidation: Perceived power of light.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03646

Strain
type: Class
comment: Change of the relative positions of parts of a body, excluding a displacement of the body as a whole.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Strain
ISO80000Reference: 4-17.1
elucidation: Change of the relative positions of parts of a body, excluding a displacement of the body as a whole.

ChipboardManufacturing
type: Class

LeadAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for lead.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 207.2
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 82
elucidation: Atom subclass for lead.

MassPerVolumeTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerVolumeTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerVolumeTime'.

VolumePerSquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerSquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerSquareTime'.

DensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Density'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-3 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Density'.

Litre
type: Class
comment: Other used symbols for litre are "l" and "ℓ".
comment: The litre (American spelling: `liter`; SI symbol l or L) is a non-SI metric system unit of volume equal to 1 `cubic decimetre` (dm³), 1,000 cubic centimetres (cm³) or 1/1000 `cubic metre`. If the lower case "L" is used as the symbol, it is sometimes rendered as a cursive "l" to help distinguish it from the capital "I", although this usage has no official approval by any international bureau. -- QUDT
comment: A non-SI unit of volume defined as 1 cubic decimetre (dm3),
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: L
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
alternative label: liter
uneceCommonCode: B51
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L
ucumCode: L
ucumCode: l
definition: A non-SI unit of volume defined as 1 cubic decimetre (dm3),
elucidation: The litre (American spelling: `liter`; SI symbol l or L) is a non-SI metric system unit of volume equal to 1 `cubic decimetre` (dm³), 1,000 cubic centimetres (cm³) or 1/1000 `cubic metre`. If the lower case "L" is used as the symbol, it is sometimes rendered as a cursive "l" to help distinguish it from the capital "I", although this usage has no official approval by any international bureau. -- QUDT
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03594

XenonAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for xenon.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 131.293
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 54
elucidation: Atom subclass for xenon.

ExposureRate
type: Class
comment: Time derivative of exposure.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ExposureRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99720212
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-89
elucidation: Time derivative of exposure.

CubicDecaMetre
type: Class
comment: 1 000-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
alternative label: Cubic Decametre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DecaM3
ucumCode: dam3
unitSymbol: dam³
elucidation: 1 000-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT

Multiplication
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: *

Gyroradius
type: Class
comment: Radius of the circular movement of an electrically charged particle in a magnetic field.
alternative label: LarmorRadius
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194458
ISO80000Reference: 10-17
elucidation: Radius of the circular movement of an electrically charged particle in a magnetic field.

TemperaturePerLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePerLength'.

Process
type: Class
comment: The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have some temporal item parts that are not of the same type of the whole.
comment: A process can be defined only according to an entity type. The minimum process is an entity made of two entities of different types that are temporally related.
alternative label: Perdurant
alternative label: Occurrent
example: Practically speaking, the Process class can be populated by primitive subclasses (e.g. Cooking) for each of which holds the axiom that not all the item temporal parts are of the same type of the whole (e.g. breaking an egg, which is not necessarily a cooking process) and there are at least two temporal item parts of different types (e.g. breaking and egg and turning on the stove). The intended usage is not for an individual to belong directly to Process, but to belong to a specific subclass of Process that identifies entities with a specific non-type-persistent structure.
elucidation: The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have some temporal item parts that are not of the same type of the whole.
comment: Following the common definition of process, the reader may think that every entity in the EMMO should be a process, since every 4D entity0 always has a time dimension. However, in the EMMO we restrict the concept of process to items whose temporal parts show a change in type (i.e. every 4D object unfolds in time, but not every 4D time unfolding may be of interest for the ontologist and categorized as a process). The definition of every specific process subclass requires a reference type, that is expressed by some but not all temporal parts.

Constituent
type: Class
comment: An object which is an holistic spatial part of a object.
alternative label: ObjectPart
example: A tire is a constituent of a car.
elucidation: An object which is an holistic spatial part of a object.

JoulePerSquareCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit joule divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+04
alternative label: Joule Per Square Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-CentiM2
ucumCode: J.cm-2
unitSymbol: J/cm²
elucidation: derived SI unit joule divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT

Mass
type: Class
comment: Property of a physical body that express its resistance to acceleration (a change in its state of motion) when a force is applied.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Mass
ISO80000Reference: 4-1
elucidation: Property of a physical body that express its resistance to acceleration (a change in its state of motion) when a force is applied.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03709

LumenSecond
type: Class
comment: In photometry, the lumen second is the SI derived unit of luminous energy. It is based on the lumen, the SI unit of luminous flux, and the second, the SI base unit of time. The lumen second is sometimes called the talbot (symbol T). An older name for the lumen second was the lumberg. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: lumen second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LM-SEC
ucumCode: lm.s
unitSymbol: lm⋅s
elucidation: In photometry, the lumen second is the SI derived unit of luminous energy. It is based on the lumen, the SI unit of luminous flux, and the second, the SI base unit of time. The lumen second is sometimes called the talbot (symbol T). An older name for the lumen second was the lumberg. -- QUDT

LuminousIntensity
type: Class
comment: A measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle. It is based on the luminosity function, which is a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LuminousIntensity
ISO80000Reference: 7-14
elucidation: A measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle. It is based on the luminosity function, which is a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye.

HeatCapacity
type: Class
comment: Examples of condition might be constant volume or constant pressure for a gas.
comment: Quantity C = dQ/dT, when the thermodynamic temperature of a system is increased by dT as a result of the addition of a amount of heat dQ, under given condition.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HeatCapacity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179388
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Heat_capacity
ISO80000Reference: 5-15
elucidation: Quantity C = dQ/dT, when the thermodynamic temperature of a system is increased by dT as a result of the addition of a amount of heat dQ, under given condition.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_capacity
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02753

InteractingSystem
type: Class
comment: A causally bonded system is a system in which there are at least thwo causal paths that are interacting.
elucidation: A causally bonded system is a system in which there are at least thwo causal paths that are interacting.

Axiom
annotated target: Metrology is the science of measurement and its application and includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement, whatever the measurement uncertainty and field of application (VIM3 2.2)

KelvinSecond
type: Class
comment: Kelvin second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-SEC
ucumCode: K.s
unitSymbol: K⋅s
elucidation: Kelvin second.

Auditory
type: Class
comment: 'acoustical' refers to the perception mechanism of the observer that can occur through a microphone, a ear.
comment: A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer as a sound.
alternative label: Sound
example: When we use the term 'sound' what are we referring to? The EMMO identifis a sound as the physical object that can be heard by the observer (more exactly, by the sensor of the observer). In this sense, a sound (which is an acoustical object) is to be identified as the air region that manifests the sound wave and is able to be perceived by an observer. In case the wave is travelling through water or steel, then these other media regions are the sounds. If the waveform is travelling through a cable as electronic signal (analog or digital) it is no more a sound, since it cannot be perceived by an observer as an acoustical object. This electrical waveform (or digital packet) is another physical that may stand for a sound if interpreted by a device (e.g. an amplifier, a DA converter).
elucidation: A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer as a sound.

hasJunctionTile
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is both spatially and temporally connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation.
elucidation: A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is both spatially and temporally connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation.

GasMixture
type: Class
equivalent class: Class

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Product
etymology: From Latin productum ‘something produced’, derived from Latin producere, from pro- ‘forward’ + ducere ‘to lead’.

MoleDegreeCelsius
type: Class
comment: `Mole Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Temperature Amount Of Substance' expressed as mol-degC. -- QUDT
alternative label: Mole Degree Celsius
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-DEG_C
ucumCode: mol.Cel
unitSymbol: mol⋅°C
elucidation: `Mole Degree Celsius` is a C.G.S System unit for 'Temperature Amount Of Substance' expressed as mol-degC. -- QUDT

CapacitanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Capacitance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+4 L-2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Capacitance'.

NewtonSquareMetrePerAmpere
type: Class
comment: Newton metre squared per Ampere.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M2-PER-A
ucumCode: N.m2/A
ucumCode: N.m2.A-1
unitSymbol: N⋅m²/A
elucidation: Newton metre squared per Ampere.

FineStructureConstant
type: Class
comment: A fundamental physical constant characterizing the strength of the electromagnetic interaction between elementary charged particles.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/FineStructureConstant
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02389

ParticleEmissionRate
type: Class
comment: Differential quotient of N with respect to time, where N is the number of particles being emitted from an infinitesimally small volume element in the time interval of duration dt, and dt.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98153151
ISO80000Reference: 10-36
elucidation: Differential quotient of N with respect to time, where N is the number of particles being emitted from an infinitesimally small volume element in the time interval of duration dt, and dt.

LuminanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Luminance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Luminance'.

KelvinMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: Kelvin metre per second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-M-PER-SEC
ucumCode: K.m.s-1
unitSymbol: K⋅m/s
elucidation: Kelvin metre per second.

VectorMeson
type: Class
comment: A meson with total spin 1 and odd parit.
elucidation: A meson with total spin 1 and odd parit.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_meson

NewtonPerSquareMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Per Square Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-MilliM2
ucumCode: N.mm-2
unitSymbol: N/mm²
elucidation: SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

hasHolisticPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between the whole and a proper part of the whole that scale down to the point which it lose the characteristics of the whole and become something else.
example: An holistic part of water fluid is a water molecule.
elucidation: The relation between the whole and a proper part of the whole that scale down to the point which it lose the characteristics of the whole and become something else.

Assembled
type: Class
comment: A system of independent elements that are assembled together to perform a function.
elucidation: A system of independent elements that are assembled together to perform a function.

DeciPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "deci" (0.1).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-01
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "deci" (0.1).

CountingUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for dimensionless quantities that have the nature of count.
example: Unit of atomic number Unit of number of cellular Unit of degeneracy in quantum mechanics
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/NUM
ucumCode: 1
elucidation: Unit for dimensionless quantities that have the nature of count.

QuinticMetre
type: Class
comment: Metre to the power of five.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M5
unitSymbol: m⁵
elucidation: Metre to the power of five.

AmperePerSquareMetreSquareKelvin
type: Class
comment: Ampere per square metre and square Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-M2-K2
ucumCode: A/(m2.K2)
ucumCode: A.m-2.K-2
unitSymbol: A/m²⋅k²
elucidation: Ampere per square metre and square Kelvin.

equalsTo
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
comment: Equality is here defined following a mereological approach.
comment: The relation between two individuals representing the same entity.
elucidation: The relation between two individuals representing the same entity.

Language
type: Class
comment: A language object is a discrete data entity respecting specific language syntactic rules (a well-formed formula).
elucidation: A language object is a discrete data entity respecting specific language syntactic rules (a well-formed formula).

Filling
type: Class

Axiom
see also: ISO/ASTM 52900:2021(en), 3.3.1
annotated property: comment
annotated target: fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle or another printer technology Note 1 to entry: This term is often used in a non-technical context synonymously with additive manufacturing (3.1.2) and, in these cases, typically associated with machines used for non-industrial purposes including personal use.

PhysicalPhenomenon
type: Class
comment: While every 'process' in the EMMO involves physical objects, this class is devoted to represent real world objects that express a phenomenon relevant for the ontologist
comment: A 'process' that is recognized by physical sciences and is categorized accordingly.
elucidation: A 'process' that is recognized by physical sciences and is categorized accordingly.

StandardAmountConcentration
type: Class
comment: Chosen value of amount concentration, usually equal to 1 mol dm−3.
alternative label: StandardMolarConcentration
alternative label: StandardConcentration
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88871689
ISO80000Reference: 9-12.2
elucidation: Chosen value of amount concentration, usually equal to 1 mol dm−3.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05909

WattPerKilogram
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit watt divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Watt Per Kilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: W/kg
ucumCode: W.kg-1
unitSymbol: W/kg
elucidation: SI derived unit watt divided by the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT

PermeabilityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Permeability'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+1 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Permeability'.

MolePerCubicDeciMetre
type: Class
comment: SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
alternative label: Mole Per Cubic Decimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-DeciM3
ucumCode: mol.dm-3
unitSymbol: mol/dm³
elucidation: SI base unit mol divided by the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

AmountSquareTimePerMassVolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountSquareTimePerMassVolume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L-3 M-1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountSquareTimePerMassVolume'.

PseudovectorMeson
type: Class
comment: A meson with total spin 1 and even parit.
elucidation: A meson with total spin 1 and even parit.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudovector_meson

MolarGibbsEnergy
type: Class
comment: Gibbs energy per amount of substance.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88863324
ISO80000Reference: 9-6.4
elucidation: Gibbs energy per amount of substance.

isConventionFor
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The inverse relation of hasConvention.
elucidation: The inverse relation of hasConvention.

NuclearSpinQuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Quantum number related to the total angular momentum, J, of a nucleus in any specified state, normally called nuclear spin.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NuclearSpinQuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97577403
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.7
elucidation: Quantum number related to the total angular momentum, J, of a nucleus in any specified state, normally called nuclear spin.

PerSquareKilogram
type: Class
comment: Per Square Kilogram is a denominator unit with dimensions /kg². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSquareKilogram
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-KiloGM2
ucumCode: kg-2
unitSymbol: /kg²
elucidation: Per Square Kilogram is a denominator unit with dimensions /kg². -- QUDT

AmpereSquareMetrePerJouleSecond
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of gyromagnetic ratio. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Ampere Square Metre Per Joule Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-M2-PER-J-SEC
ucumCode: A.m2/(J.s)
ucumCode: A.m2.J-1.s-1
unitSymbol: A⋅m²/(J⋅s)
elucidation: The SI unit of gyromagnetic ratio. -- QUDT

hasSpatialPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A proper part of a whole, whose parts always cover the full temporal extension of the whole within a spatial interval.
comment: In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive.
elucidation: A proper part of a whole, whose parts always cover the full temporal extension of the whole within a spatial interval.

Symbol
type: Class
comment: Subclasses of 'Symbol' are alphabets, in formal languages terminology. A 'Symbol' is atomic for that alphabet, i.e. it has no parts that are symbols for the same alphabet. e.g. a math symbol is not made of other math symbols A Symbol may be a String in another language. e.g. "Bq" is the symbol for Becquerel units when dealing with metrology, or a string of "B" and "q" symbols when dealing with characters.
comment: The class of individuals that stand for an elementary mark of a specific symbolic code (alphabet).
alternative label: AlphabeticEntity
example: The class of letter "A" is the symbol as idea and the letter A that you see on the screen is the mark that can be represented by an individual belonging to "A".
elucidation: The class of individuals that stand for an elementary mark of a specific symbolic code (alphabet).
comment: The class is the idea of the symbol, while the individual of that class stands for a specific mark (or token) of that idea.
comment: Symbols of a formal language need not be symbols of anything. For instance there are logical constants which do not refer to any idea, but rather serve as a form of punctuation in the language (e.g. parentheses). Symbols of a formal language must be capable of being specified without any reference to any interpretation of them. (Wikipedia)

qualified cardinality: 1

qualified cardinality: 1

SecondPolarMomentOfArea
type: Class
comment: A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SecondPolarMomentOfArea
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049636
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-21.2
elucidation: A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis.

MendeleviumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for mendelevium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 258.09843
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 101
elucidation: Atom subclass for mendelevium.

ElectricChargePerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L0 M0 I+1 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerTemperature'.

Simulation
type: Class
comment: A estimation of a property using a functional icon.
alternative label: Modelling
example: I calculate the electrical conductivity of an Ar-He plasma with the Chapman-Enskog method and use the value as property for it.
elucidation: A estimation of a property using a functional icon.

HassiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for hassium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 269.1338
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 108
elucidation: Atom subclass for hassium.

hasSIConversionOffset
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Number to add to a SI coherent unit when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit.
comment: Conversion formula: nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset
range: double
elucidation: Number to add to a SI coherent unit when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit.

hasSingleMember
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
comment: The relation between a collection and one of its item members.
alternative label: hasMember
elucidation: The relation between a collection and one of its item members.

hasComponent
type: ObjectProperty

Axiom
annotated target: The term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset of URIs that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a means of locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network "location").

RheniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for rhenium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 186.207
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 75
elucidation: Atom subclass for rhenium.

ContinuumModel
type: Class
comment: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of continuum volume.
elucidation: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of continuum volume.

SquarePressurePerSquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressurePerSquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-6 L-2 M+2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressurePerSquareTime'.

SquareMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: Square Metres per second is the SI derived unit of angular momentum, defined by distance or displacement in metres multiplied by distance again in metres and divided by time in seconds. The unit is written in symbols as m2/s or m2u00b7s-1 or m2s-1. It may be better understood when phrased as "metres per second times metres", i.e. the momentum of an object with respect to a position. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Square Metre per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SEC
ucumCode: m2/s
ucumCode: m2.s-1
unitSymbol: m²/s
elucidation: Square Metres per second is the SI derived unit of angular momentum, defined by distance or displacement in metres multiplied by distance again in metres and divided by time in seconds. The unit is written in symbols as m2/s or m2u00b7s-1 or m2s-1. It may be better understood when phrased as "metres per second times metres", i.e. the momentum of an object with respect to a position. -- QUDT

ExchangeIntegral
type: Class
comment: constituent of the interaction energy between the spins of adjacent electrons in matter arising from the overlap of electron state functions
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ExchangeIntegral
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10882959
ISO80000Reference: 12-34
elucidation: constituent of the interaction energy between the spins of adjacent electrons in matter arising from the overlap of electron state functions

Axiom
see also: DIN 8590 Berichtigung 1:2004-02
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Manufacturing by separating particles of material from a solid body by non-mechanical means. Ablation refers both to the removal of layers of material and to the separation of workpiece parts. The production process of ablation is considered in its stationary instantaneous state, independently of the application of auxiliary processes necessary to initiate the process. Ablation is divided into three subgroups according to the order point of view (OGP) "process in the effective zone on the surface of the workpiece": - thermal ablation; - chemical ablation; - electrochemical ablation.

SICoherentUnit
type: Class
comment: Derived units are defined as products of powers of the base units. When the numerical factor of this product is one, the derived units are called coherent derived units. The base and coherent derived units of the SI form a coherent set, designated the set of coherent SI units.
comment: A unit that can be expressed as a product of powers of SI base units with no pre-factor of offset.
elucidation: A unit that can be expressed as a product of powers of SI base units with no pre-factor of offset.

ZirconiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the zirconium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Zr
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the zirconium atom.

ElectricPotentialPerAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L0 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerArea'.

SquareMetreKelvin
type: Class
comment: `Square Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Area Temperature' expressed as m²-K. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Metre Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-K
ucumCode: m2.K
unitSymbol: m²⋅K
elucidation: `Square Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Area Temperature' expressed as m²-K. -- QUDT

WeberPerMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit weber divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Weber Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB-PER-M
ucumCode: Wb.m-1
unitSymbol: Wb/m
elucidation: SI derived unit weber divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

Imp
comment: Implementation of equality based on mereology.
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: y
  argument2: x
head: SameIndividualAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y

SIUnitSymbol
type: Class
comment: A unit symbol that belongs to the SI system. Is either a SI base unit or a SI special unit.
elucidation: A unit symbol that belongs to the SI system. Is either a SI base unit or a SI special unit.

Parameter
type: Class
comment: A variable whose value is assumed to be known independently from the equation, but whose value is not explicitated in the equation.
example: Viscosity in the Navier-Stokes equation

ContinuumSubstance
type: Class
comment: A state that is a collection of sufficiently large number of other parts such that: - it is the bearer of qualities that can exists only by the fact that it is a sum of parts - the smallest partition dV of the state volume in which we are interested in, contains enough parts to be statistically consistent: n [#/m3] x dV [m3] >> 1
comment: A continuum is made of a sufficient number of parts that it continues to exists as continuum individual even after the loss of one of them i.e. a continuum is a redundant.
elucidation: A state that is a collection of sufficiently large number of other parts such that: - it is the bearer of qualities that can exists only by the fact that it is a sum of parts - the smallest partition dV of the state volume in which we are interested in, contains enough parts to be statistically consistent: n [#/m3] x dV [m3] >> 1
comment: A continuum is not necessarily small (i.e. composed by the minimum amount of sates to fulfill the definition). A single continuum individual can be the whole fluid in a pipe.
comment: A continuum is the bearer of properties that are generated by the interactions of parts such as viscosity and thermal or electrical conductivity.

CondensedMatter
type: Class
comment: The subject of condensed matter physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the subject deals with "condensed" phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions between them.
equivalent class: Class
conceptualisation: The subject of condensed matter physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the subject deals with "condensed" phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions between them.

Torque
type: Class
comment: The effectiveness of a force to produce rotation about an axis, measured by the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis.
comment: Even though torque has the same physical dimension as energy, it is not of the same kind and can not be measured with energy units like joule or electron volt.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Torque
ISO80000Reference: 4-12.2
elucidation: The effectiveness of a force to produce rotation about an axis, measured by the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06400

ArsenicSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the arsenic atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: As
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the arsenic atom.

IUPACNomencalture
type: Class

Olfactory
type: Class

ElementaryBoson
type: Class
comment: An elementary particle of a fundamental bosonic type.
elucidation: An elementary particle of a fundamental bosonic type.

ISO14040Reference
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: isDefinedBy

Replica
type: Class
comment: An icon that not only resembles the object, but also can express some of the object's functions.
equivalent class: Class
example: Pinocchio is a functional icon of a boy since it imitates the external behaviour without having the internal biological structure of a human being (it is made of magic wood...).
example: A small scale replica of a plane tested in a wind gallery shares the same functionality in terms of aerodynamic behaviour of the bigger one.
elucidation: An icon that not only resembles the object, but also can express some of the object's functions.

MassConcentration
type: Class
comment: Mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentration
elucidation: Mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03713

hasServiceOutput
type: ObjectProperty

RhodiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the rhodium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Rh
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the rhodium atom.

Service
type: Class
alternative label: IntangibleProduct
ISO9000Reference: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9000:ed-4:v1:en:term:3.7.7

EnergyDistributionOfCrossSection
type: Class
comment: Differential quotient of the cross section for a process and the energy of the scattered particle.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpectralCrossSection
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98267245
ISO80000Reference: 10-40
elucidation: Differential quotient of the cross section for a process and the energy of the scattered particle.

Jesper Friis
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://www.sintef.no/en

ThermalResistanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-2 M-1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ThermalResistance'.

ElectromagneticEnergyDensity
type: Class
comment: Arithmetic average of (electric field strength multiplied by electric flux density) and (magnetic field strength multiplied by magnetic flux density).
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: VolumicElectromagneticEnergy
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectromagneticEnergyDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77989624
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-33
elucidation: Arithmetic average of (electric field strength multiplied by electric flux density) and (magnetic field strength multiplied by magnetic flux density).

GravitySintering
type: Class
see also: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy loose-powder sintering, gravity sintering: sintering of uncompacted powder
alternative label: PressurelessSintering
alternative label: Loose-powderSintering

SpecificHeatCapacityAtSaturatedVaporPressure
type: Class
comment: Specific heat capacity at saturated vaport pressure.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificHeatCapacityAtSaturation
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75775005
ISO80000Reference: 5-16.4
elucidation: Specific heat capacity at saturated vaport pressure.

NickelAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for nickel.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 58.6934
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 28
elucidation: Atom subclass for nickel.

ElectricCurrentPerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricCurrentPerMass'.

Whole
type: Class
comment: The superclass of entities which are defined by requiring the existence of some parts (at least one) of specifically given types, where the specified types are different with respect to the type of the whole.
comment: A whole is categorized as fundamental (or maximal) or redundant (non-maximal).
comment: A whole is always defined using a criterion expressed through the classical transitive parthood relation. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its wholeness, dependently on some of their parts and independently on the surroundings.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: The superclass of entities which are defined by requiring the existence of some parts (at least one) of specifically given types, where the specified types are different with respect to the type of the whole.

MolarGasConstant
type: Class
comment: Equivalent to the Boltzmann constant, but expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per mole (rather than energy per temperature increment per particle).
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/MolarGasConstant
ISO80000Reference: 9-37.1
elucidation: Equivalent to the Boltzmann constant, but expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per mole (rather than energy per temperature increment per particle).
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02579

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: IntentionalProcess
etymology: From Latin intentionem, derived from intendere ("stretching out")

OxygenAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for oxygen.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 15.999
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 8
elucidation: Atom subclass for oxygen.

Candela
type: Class
comment: The candela, symbol cd, is the SI unit of luminous intensity in a given direction. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540×1012 Hz, Kcd, to be 683 when expressed in the unit lm W−1, which is equal to cd sr W−1, or cd sr kg−1 m−2 s3, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: cd
uneceCommonCode: CDL
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CD
ucumCode: cd
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Candela
definition: The candela, symbol cd, is the SI unit of luminous intensity in a given direction. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540×1012 Hz, Kcd, to be 683 when expressed in the unit lm W−1, which is equal to cd sr W−1, or cd sr kg−1 m−2 s3, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆νCs.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candela
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00787

ThermodynamicEfficiency
type: Class
comment: Performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy, expressed as the ratio of work done over thermal energy used.
alternative label: ThermalEfficiency
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalEfficiency
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452104
ISO80000Reference: 5-25.1
elucidation: Performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy, expressed as the ratio of work done over thermal energy used.

hasCharacteriser
type: ObjectProperty

BindingFraction
type: Class
comment: The ratio of the binding energy of a nucleus to the atomic mass number.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BindingFraction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98058362
ISO80000Reference: 10-23.2
elucidation: The ratio of the binding energy of a nucleus to the atomic mass number.

SeaborgiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the seaborgium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Sg
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the seaborgium atom.

Fork
type: Class
comment: A tessellation in wich a tile has next two or more non spatially connected tiles.
elucidation: A tessellation in wich a tile has next two or more non spatially connected tiles.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Index
etymology: From Latin index (“a discoverer, informer, spy; of things, an indicator, the forefinger, a title, superscription”), from indicō (“point out, show”).

SquareMetre
type: Class
comment: The S I unit of area is the square metre. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
uneceCommonCode: MTK
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2
omReference: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/squareMetre
ucumCode: m2
unitSymbol: m²
elucidation: The S I unit of area is the square metre. -- QUDT

ChemicalSubstance
type: Class
comment: Matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of.
comment: A substance is always composed of more than one molecular entity. It lays in the continuum or mesoscopic domain.
elucidation: Matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01039

ReshapeManufacturing
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing in which workpieces are produced from solid raw parts through permanent deformation, provided that neither material is added nor removed.
comment: The mass of the raw part is equal to the mass of the finished part.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
alternative label: Forming
alternative label: Umformen @de
elucidation: A manufacturing in which workpieces are produced from solid raw parts through permanent deformation, provided that neither material is added nor removed.

PascalCubicMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: product out of the SI derived unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Pascal Cubic Metre Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-M3-PER-SEC
ucumCode: Pa.m3.s-1
unitSymbol: Pa⋅m³/s
elucidation: product out of the SI derived unit pascal and the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the SI base unit second -- QUDT

properOverlaps
type: SymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
comment: The relation between two entities that overlaps and neither of both is part of the other.
elucidation: The relation between two entities that overlaps and neither of both is part of the other.

TemperatureMassPerAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureMassPerArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M+1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperatureMassPerArea'.

ChromiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for chromium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 24
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 51.9961
elucidation: Atom subclass for chromium.

Exponent
type: Class

SpecificEntropy
type: Class
comment: Quotient of entropy and mass.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEntropy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69423705
ISO80000Reference: 5-19
elucidation: Quotient of entropy and mass.

Soldering
type: Class
comment: Method of joining metallic materials with the aid of a molten filler metal (solder), optionally with the use of flow agents
alternative label: Löten

DensityOfVibrationalStates
type: Class
comment: quotient of the number of vibrational modes in an infinitesimal interval of angular frequency, and the product of the width of that interval and volume
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DensityOfStates
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105637294
ISO80000Reference: 12-12
elucidation: quotient of the number of vibrational modes in an infinitesimal interval of angular frequency, and the product of the width of that interval and volume

BismuthAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for bismuth.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 83
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 208.9804
elucidation: Atom subclass for bismuth.

Assigner
type: Class
comment: A estimator that uses its predefined knowledge to declare a property of an object.
example: I estimate the molecular mass of the gas in my bottle as 1.00784 u because it is tagged as H.
elucidation: A estimator that uses its predefined knowledge to declare a property of an object.

ActiveEnergy
type: Class
comment: The integral over a time interval of the instantaneous power.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActiveEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79813678
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-62
elucidation: The integral over a time interval of the instantaneous power.

MagneticTension
type: Class
comment: Scalar quantity equal to the line integral of the magnetic field strength H along a specified path linking two points a and b.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticTension
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77993836
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-37.2
elucidation: Scalar quantity equal to the line integral of the magnetic field strength H along a specified path linking two points a and b.

SIDerivedUnit
type: Class
comment: A derived unit that belongs to the SI system.
elucidation: A derived unit that belongs to the SI system.

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-5:1989-11
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Nailing is joining by hammering or pressing nails (wire pins) as auxiliary parts into the solid material. Several parts are joined by pressing them together (from: DIN 8593 part 3/09.85).

Uncoded
type: Class
comment: A conventional that provides no possibility to infer the characteristics of the object to which it refers.
subclass of: Restriction
example: A random generated id for a product.
elucidation: A conventional that provides no possibility to infer the characteristics of the object to which it refers.

ElectronVoltSecond
type: Class
comment: "Electron Volt Second" is a unit for 'Angular Momentum' expressed as eV s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.602177e-19
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Electron Volt Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/EV-SEC
ucumCode: eV.s
unitSymbol: eV⋅s
elucidation: "Electron Volt Second" is a unit for 'Angular Momentum' expressed as eV s. -- QUDT

GrowingCrystal
type: Class

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Model
etymology: From Latin modus (“measure”).

OneManifold
type: Class
comment: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 1-dimensional Euclidean space.
comment: One-dimensional manifolds include lines and circles, but not self-crossing curves. Two-dimensional manifolds are also called surfaces. Examples include the plane, the sphere, and the torus, and also the Klein bottle and real projective plane.
alternative label: 1-manifold
elucidation: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 1-dimensional Euclidean space.

SquareMassPerSquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareMassPerSquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L0 M+2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareMassPerSquareTime'.

DiffusionCoefficientForParticleNumberDensity
type: Class
comment: Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle number density n.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98875545
ISO80000Reference: 10-64
elucidation: Proportionality constant between the particle current density J and the gradient of the particle number density n.

SiliconAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for silicon.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 28.085
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 14
elucidation: Atom subclass for silicon.

Tonne
type: Class
comment: 1,000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT
comment: A non-SI unit defined as 1000 kg.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: t
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
uneceCommonCode: TNE
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/TON_M
ucumCode: t
definition: A non-SI unit defined as 1000 kg.
elucidation: 1,000-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonne
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06394

PerHenry
type: Class
comment: Reciprocal Henry.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalHenry
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-H
ucumCode: H-1
unitSymbol: /H
elucidation: Reciprocal Henry.

Sintering
type: Class
comment: Sintering is the process of forming a solid mass of material through heat and pressure without melting to the point of liquefaction. This process involves the atoms in materials diffusing across the particle boundaries and fusing together into one piece.
comment: Sintering occurs naturally in mineral deposits, and is used as a manufacturing process for materials including ceramics, metals and plastics. Because the sintering temperature doesn’t reach the materials’ melting point, it is often used for materials with high melting points, such as molybdenum and tungsten.
see also: ISO 3252:2019 Powder metallurgy sintering: thermal treatment of a powder or compact, at a temperature below the melting point of the main constituent, for the purpose of increasing its strength by the metallurgical bonding of its particles
see also: ISO/ASTM TR 52906:2022 Additive manufacturing sintering: process of heating a powder metal compact to increase density and/or improve mechanical properties via solid state diffusion
alternative label: Sintern
elucidation: Sintering is the process of forming a solid mass of material through heat and pressure without melting to the point of liquefaction. This process involves the atoms in materials diffusing across the particle boundaries and fusing together into one piece.

Watt
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of power. Power is the rate at which work is done, or (equivalently) the rate at which energy is expended. One watt is equal to a power rate of one joule of work per second of time. This unit is used both in mechanics and in electricity, so it links the mechanical and electrical units to one another. In mechanical terms, one watt equals about 0.001 341 02 horsepower (hp) or 0.737 562 foot-pound per second (lbf/s). In electrical terms, one watt is the power produced by a current of one ampere flowing through an electric potential of one volt. The name of the unit honors James Watt (1736-1819), the British engineer whose improvements to the steam engine are often credited with igniting the Industrial Revolution. -- QUDT
comment: SI unit for power.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: W
uneceCommonCode: WTT
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
ucumCode: W
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Watt
elucidation: SI unit for power.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06656

PlutoniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for plutonium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 244.06421
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 94
elucidation: Atom subclass for plutonium.

QuantityValue
type: Class
comment: A symbolic that has parts a numerical object and a reference expressing the value of a quantity (expressed as the product of the numerical and the unit).
comment: A quantity value is not necessarily a property, since it is possible to write "10 kg", without assigning this quantity to a specific object.
comment: Following the International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM), EMMO distinguishes between a quantity (a property) and the quantity value (a numerical and a reference). So, for the EMMO the symbol "kg" is not a physical quantity but simply a 'Symbolic' object categorized as a 'MeasurementUnit'. While the string "1 kg" is a 'QuantityValue'.
subclass of: Restriction
  qualified cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  qualified cardinality: 1
example: 6.8 m 0.9 km 8 K 6 MeV 43.5 HRC(150 kg)
elucidation: A symbolic that has parts a numerical object and a reference expressing the value of a quantity (expressed as the product of the numerical and the unit).
VIMTerm: quantity value

LatticePlaneSpacing
type: Class
comment: distance between successive lattice planes
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LatticePlaneSpacing
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105488046
ISO80000Reference: 12-3
elucidation: distance between successive lattice planes

Axiom
annotated target: Software is usually used as a generic term for programs. However, in its broadest sense it can refer to all information (i.e., both programs and data) in electronic form and can provide a distinction from hardware, which refers to computers or other electronic systems on which software can exist and be use. Here we explicitly include in the definition also all the data (e.g. source code, script files) that takes part to the building of the executable, are necessary to the execution of a program or that document it for the users.

NewtonMetrePerAmpere
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Metre Per Ampere
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-A
ucumCode: N.m.A-1
unitSymbol: N⋅m/A
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the SI base unit ampere -- QUDT

MassRatioOfWaterToDryMatter
type: Class
comment: The mass concentration of water at saturation is denoted usat.
comment: Ratio of the mass of water to the mass of dry matter in a given volume of matter.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378860
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-29
elucidation: Ratio of the mass of water to the mass of dry matter in a given volume of matter.

Tessellation
type: Class
comment: A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps.
comment: A causal object that is tessellated in direct parts.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Tiling
conceptualisation: A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps.
elucidation: A causal object that is tessellated in direct parts.

Description
type: Class
comment: A coded that is not atomic with respect to a code of description.
comment: A description is a collection of properties that depicts an object. It is not atomic since it is made of several properties collected together.
example: A biography.
example: A sentence about some object, depticting its properties.
elucidation: A coded that is not atomic with respect to a code of description.

UnsignedByteData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 8-bit non-negative integer number, 0...255.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: unsignedByte
elucidation: A data representing 8-bit non-negative integer number, 0...255.

StrontiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the strontium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Sr
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the strontium atom.

IsothermalConversion
type: Class

SIMetricMultipleUnit
type: Class
comment: Measurement unit obtained by multiplying a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one.
elucidation: Measurement unit obtained by multiplying a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one.

ReciprocalAmountPerVolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalAmountPerVolume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalAmountPerVolume'.

ArsenicAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for arsenic.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 33
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 74.921595
elucidation: Atom subclass for arsenic.

SeebeckCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Measure of voltage induced by change of temperature.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SeebeckCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091448
ISO80000Reference: 12-21
elucidation: Measure of voltage induced by change of temperature.

KnownConstant
type: Class
comment: A variable that stand for a well known numerical constant (a known number).
subclass of: Restriction
example: π refers to the constant number ~3.14
elucidation: A variable that stand for a well known numerical constant (a known number).

Computation
type: Class
comment: A procedure that deals with quantitative symbols (i.e. symbols associated with a quantitative oriented language).
example: A matematician that calculates 2+2. A computation machine that calculate the average value of a dataset.
elucidation: A procedure that deals with quantitative symbols (i.e. symbols associated with a quantitative oriented language).

MagneticReluctivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L-1 M-1 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticReluctivity'.

MeitneriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the meitnerium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mt
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the meitnerium atom.

KelvinPascalPerSecond
type: Class
comment: Kelvin Pascal per second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K-PA-PER-SEC
ucumCode: K.Pa.s-1
unitSymbol: K⋅Pa/s
elucidation: Kelvin Pascal per second.

MetrologicalSymbol
type: Class
comment: A symbol that stands for a concept in the language of the meterological domain of ISO 80000.
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A symbol that stands for a concept in the language of the meterological domain of ISO 80000.

PowerUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Power'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Power'.

ChemicalComposition
type: Class
comment: A language construct that provides information about the consitutents of a substance and their fractions or amounts.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A language construct that provides information about the consitutents of a substance and their fractions or amounts.

VolumetricNumberDensity
type: Class
comment: Count per volume.
elucidation: Count per volume.

hasMembers
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between individuals representing a collection and one or more of its members.
comment: A maximal part is a proper part that is not connected with the rest of the whole.
comment: A proper part which is not connected with the rest of the whole.
alternative label: hasMaximalPart
definition: A proper part which is not connected with the rest of the whole.
elucidation: The relation between individuals representing a collection and one or more of its members.

VolumePerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+3 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTemperature'.

CatalyticActivity
type: Class
comment: Increase in the rate of reaction of a specified chemical reaction that an enzyme produces in a specific assay system.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CatalyticActivity
elucidation: Increase in the rate of reaction of a specified chemical reaction that an enzyme produces in a specific assay system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00881

TechnologyProcess
type: Class
comment: application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts or systems in order to solve a problem or to achieve an objective which can result in a product or process
comment: Class that includes the application of scientific knowledge, tools and techniques in order to transform a precursor object (ex. conversion of material) following a practic purpose.
comment: Technology refers to methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes.
comment: Conversion of materials and assembly of components for the manufacture of products
comment: Technology is the application of knowledge for achieving practical goals in a reproducible way.
comment: application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or achieve an objective
alternative label: ProductionEngineeringProcess
elucidation: Class that includes the application of scientific knowledge, tools and techniques in order to transform a precursor object (ex. conversion of material) following a practic purpose.

InfiniteMultiplicationFactor
type: Class
comment: In nuclear physics, the multiplication factor for an infinite medium.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InfiniteMultiplicationFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99440487
ISO80000Reference: 10-78.2
elucidation: In nuclear physics, the multiplication factor for an infinite medium.

AffinityOfAChemicalReaction
type: Class
comment: Describes elements' or compounds' readiness to form bonds.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ChemicalAffinity
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ChemicalAffinity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382783
ISO80000Reference: 9-30
elucidation: Describes elements' or compounds' readiness to form bonds.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00178

CoefficientOfFriction
type: Class
comment: Dimensionless scalar value which describes the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together; depends on the materials used, ranges from near zero to greater than one.
alternative label: FrictionCoefficient
alternative label: FrictionFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1932524
elucidation: Dimensionless scalar value which describes the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together; depends on the materials used, ranges from near zero to greater than one.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02530

SIAccepted
type: Class
comment: Non-SI unit that has been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system.
elucidation: Non-SI unit that has been accepted by SI to be used together with the SI system.

Intensity
type: Class
comment: Power transferred per unit area.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: Power transferred per unit area.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensity_(physics)

Yocto
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e-24.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: y
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-24
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e-24.

LatticeVector
type: Class
comment: translation vector that maps the crystal lattice on itself
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LatticeVector
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105435234
ISO80000Reference: 12-1.1
elucidation: translation vector that maps the crystal lattice on itself

Axiom
annotated property: comment
annotated target: A measurement is the process of experimentally obtaining one or more measurement results that can reasonably be attributed to a quantity.

OsmiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the osmium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Os
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the osmium atom.

ChemicalEntity
type: Class
comment: A chemical entity comprises the two different ways to represents matter: as single recognizable particle entity (molecular entity) and as a composition of particle entities (substance). This distinction is not well assessed in actual chemical nomenclature, in which an element name refers to both the pure elemental substance or the atom. In the EMMO we force the adoption of a more strict categorization based on mereotopology. The class Material hosts the subclasses for which a substance can be identified without necessarily considering its nature of molecule/atom or substance (e.g. hydrocarbon is the class of both hydrocarbon molecules or gases).

SquareMetrePerSteradian
type: Class
comment: Square metre per steradian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SR
ucumCode: m2.sr-1
unitSymbol: m²/sr
elucidation: Square metre per steradian.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steradian

SpecificGibbsEnergy
type: Class
comment: Gibbs energy per unit mass.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificGibbsEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76360636
ISO80000Reference: 5-21.5
elucidation: Gibbs energy per unit mass.

TimePerVolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerVolume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TimePerVolume'.

HartreeEnergy
type: Class
comment: Energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/unit/E_h.html
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476572
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Hartree
ISO80000Reference: 10-8
elucidation: Energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02748

FastFissionFactor
type: Class
comment: In an infinite medium, the ratio of the mean number of neutrons produced by fission due to neutrons of all energies to the mean number of neutrons produced by fissions due to thermal neutrons only.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/FastFissionFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99197493
ISO80000Reference: 10-75
elucidation: In an infinite medium, the ratio of the mean number of neutrons produced by fission due to neutrons of all energies to the mean number of neutrons produced by fissions due to thermal neutrons only.

PressureFractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two pressures.
elucidation: Unit for quantities of dimension one that are the fraction of two pressures.

ProtonMass
type: Class
comment: The rest mass of a proton.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ProtonMass
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04914

Axiom
see also: DIN 8588:2013-08
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Cutting workpieces between two cutting edges that move past each other (see Figure 1 [see figure in the standard]).

StateOfMatter
type: Class
comment: In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
comment: A superclass made as the disjoint union of all the form under which matter can exist.
elucidation: A superclass made as the disjoint union of all the form under which matter can exist.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_matter

ThermalDiffusionRatio
type: Class
comment: In a steady-state of a binary mixture in which thermal diffusion occurs; proportionality factor between gradient of the amount-of-subsstance fraction of the heavier substance B, and negative gradient of the local thermodynamic temperature divided by that temperature.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalDiffusionRatio
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96249433
ISO80000Reference: 9-40.1
elucidation: In a steady-state of a binary mixture in which thermal diffusion occurs; proportionality factor between gradient of the amount-of-subsstance fraction of the heavier substance B, and negative gradient of the local thermodynamic temperature divided by that temperature.

TitaniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for titanium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 22
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 47.867
elucidation: Atom subclass for titanium.

hasDeduced
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation connecting a decucing interpreter to the "deduced" semiotic object in a deduction process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation connecting a decucing interpreter to the "deduced" semiotic object in a deduction process.

WattPerSquareMetrePerMetrePerSteradian
type: Class
comment: Watts per square metre and metre and steradian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M2-M-SR
ucumCode: W.m-2.m-1.sr-1
unitSymbol: W/m²⋅m⋅sr
elucidation: Watts per square metre and metre and steradian.

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-3:1989-11
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Shot peening is shot peening for shaping or straightening workpieces by introducing residual compressive stresses (from: DIN 8200/10.82).

LeakageFactor
type: Class
comment: One minus the square of the coupling factor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78102042
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-42.2
elucidation: One minus the square of the coupling factor

ManganeseSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the manganese atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mn
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the manganese atom.

SpatioTemporalTile
type: Class
comment: https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_22c91e99_61f8_4433_8853_432d44a2a46a
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: WellFormedTile

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Simulacrum
etymology: From Latin simulacrum ("likeness, semblance")

CoulombPerCubicMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
alternative label: Coulomb Per Cubic Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-MilliM3
ucumCode: C.mm-3
ucumCode: C/mm3
unitSymbol: C/mm³
elucidation: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT

JoulePerTesla
type: Class
comment: The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force that the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it. A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments. The unit for magnetic moment is not a base unit in the International System of Units (SI) and it can be represented in more than one way. For example, in the current loop definition, the area is measured in square meters and I is measured in amperes, so the magnetic moment is measured in ampere-square meters (A m2). In the equation for torque on a moment, the torque is measured in joules and the magnetic field in tesla, so the moment is measured in Joules per Tesla (J u00b7T-1). These two representations are equivalent: 1 A u00b7m2 = 1 J u00b7T-1. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule per Tesla
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-T
ucumCode: J.T-1
unitSymbol: J/T
elucidation: The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force that the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it. A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments. The unit for magnetic moment is not a base unit in the International System of Units (SI) and it can be represented in more than one way. For example, in the current loop definition, the area is measured in square meters and I is measured in amperes, so the magnetic moment is measured in ampere-square meters (A m2). In the equation for torque on a moment, the torque is measured in joules and the magnetic field in tesla, so the moment is measured in Joules per Tesla (J u00b7T-1). These two representations are equivalent: 1 A u00b7m2 = 1 J u00b7T-1. -- QUDT

AmountConcentration
type: Class
comment: The amount of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MolarConcentration
alternative label: Molarity
alternative label: Concentration
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AmountOfSubstanceConcentrationOfB
elucidation: The amount of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00295

StructureFactor
type: Class
comment: Mathematical description in crystallography.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StructureFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900684
ISO80000Reference: 12-5.4
elucidation: Mathematical description in crystallography.

PerMetreKelvin
type: Class
comment: Per Meter Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m.k. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalMetreKelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-K
ucumCode: m-1.K-1
unitSymbol: /(m⋅K)
elucidation: Per Meter Kelvin Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m.k. -- QUDT

hasNext
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Each pair of entities in direct causality relation is either in hasNext or hasTwoWayCauseWith relation. The two are mutually exclusive.
comment: A time contact occurs when x isDirectCause y and not(y isCauseOf x).
comment: A temporal relation between two entities occurs when the two entities are in a one directional causality relation. The idea is that a temporal relation always implies a one-directional causality between two entities, leading to a asymmetric relation. This means that the causing entity can be in direct and optionally indirect causality relation with the effect entity. On the contrary, the effect entity cannot be in any causal relation (direct or indirect) with the causing entity.
alternative label: isBefore
example: My life between 18-24 years has next my life between 24-32 years.
example: The raw sample has next the treated sampled, which has next the examined sample. In this sense the whole sample is made of three states, connected by the has next relation, following its evolution in time.
conceptualisation: A temporal relation between two entities occurs when the two entities are in a one directional causality relation. The idea is that a temporal relation always implies a one-directional causality between two entities, leading to a asymmetric relation. This means that the causing entity can be in direct and optionally indirect causality relation with the effect entity. On the contrary, the effect entity cannot be in any causal relation (direct or indirect) with the causing entity.
elucidation: A time contact occurs when x isDirectCause y and not(y isCauseOf x).
comment: This relation is asymmetric and irreflexive.

DegreePerSecond
type: Class
comment: "Degree per Second" is an Imperial unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as deg/s. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.745329e-02
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Degree per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG-PER-SEC
ucumCode: deg/s
ucumCode: deg.s-1
unitSymbol: °/s
elucidation: "Degree per Second" is an Imperial unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as deg/s. -- QUDT

Representation
type: Class
comment: A graphical object aimed to represent schematically the conceptual, tempral or spatial structure of another object, that may or may not exist.
elucidation: A graphical object aimed to represent schematically the conceptual, tempral or spatial structure of another object, that may or may not exist.

SquareTimePerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTimePerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTimePerMass'.

NuclearPrecessionAngularFrequency
type: Class
comment: Frequency by which the nucleus angular momentum vector precesses about the axis of an external magnetic field.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97641779
ISO80000Reference: 10-15.3
elucidation: Frequency by which the nucleus angular momentum vector precesses about the axis of an external magnetic field.

hasProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation that connects a semiotic object to a property in a declaration process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation that connects a semiotic object to a property in a declaration process.

GramPerSquareMetrePerDay
type: Class
comment: A metric unit of volume over time indicating the amount generated across one square meter over a day. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-08
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: grams per square metre per day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-M2-DAY
ucumCode: g.m-2.d-1
unitSymbol: g/(m²⋅day)
elucidation: A metric unit of volume over time indicating the amount generated across one square meter over a day. -- QUDT

Otello M. Roscioni
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://materialsmodelling.com

PositionVector
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity from the origin of a coordinate system to a point in space.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192388
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Position_(geometry)
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.10
elucidation: Vector quantity from the origin of a coordinate system to a point in space.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_(geometry)

BariumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the barium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ba
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the barium atom.

ThermodynamicCriticalMagneticFluxDensity
type: Class
comment: The magnetic flux density for disappearance of superconductivity in a type I superconductor.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermodynamicCriticalMagneticFluxDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106103200
ISO80000Reference: 12-36.1
elucidation: The magnetic flux density for disappearance of superconductivity in a type I superconductor.

HallCoefficient
type: Class
comment: The relation between electric field strength and current density in an isotropic conductor.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HallCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q997439
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-19
elucidation: The relation between electric field strength and current density in an isotropic conductor.

HafniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the hafnium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Hf
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the hafnium atom.

SquareMetrePerSteradianJoule
type: Class
comment: Square metre per steradian and Joule.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-SR-J
ucumCode: m2.sr-1.J-1
unitSymbol: m²/(sr⋅J)
elucidation: Square metre per steradian and Joule.

HoleDensity
type: Class
comment: Number of holes in valence band per volume.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HoleDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105971101
ISO80000Reference: 12-29.2
elucidation: Number of holes in valence band per volume.

CubicMicroMetrePerMilliLitre
type: Class
comment: Cubic micrometre per millilitre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-12
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM3-PER-MilliL
ucumCode: um3.mL-1
unitSymbol: µm³/mL
elucidation: Cubic micrometre per millilitre.

BaseQuantity
type: Class
comment: "Quantity in a conventionally chosen subset of a given system of quantities, where no quantity in the subset can be expressed in terms of the other quantities within that subset" ISO 80000-1
elucidation: "Quantity in a conventionally chosen subset of a given system of quantities, where no quantity in the subset can be expressed in terms of the other quantities within that subset" ISO 80000-1
VIMTerm: base quantity

hasReferencePart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a quantity to its reference unit through spatial direct parthood.
elucidation: Relates a quantity to its reference unit through spatial direct parthood.

TantalumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for tantalum.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 73
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 180.94788
elucidation: Atom subclass for tantalum.

CubicMicroMetrePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: Cubic micrometre per cubic metre unit.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-18
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroM3-PER-M3
ucumCode: um3.m-3
unitSymbol: µm³/m³
elucidation: Cubic micrometre per cubic metre unit.

TotalIonization
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the total mean charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle along its entire path and along the paths of any secondary charged particles, and the elementary charge.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalIonization
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98690787
ISO80000Reference: 10-59
elucidation: Quotient of the total mean charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle along its entire path and along the paths of any secondary charged particles, and the elementary charge.

Imp
body: ClassAtom
  argument1: x
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: x
comment: Enforcing the fact that an entity cannot cause itself.

FormingFromPowder
type: Class

Theory
type: Class
comment: The 'theory' is e.g. a proposition, a book or a paper whose sub-symbols suggest in the mind of the interpreter an interpretant structure that can represent a 'physical'. It is not an 'icon' (like a math equation), because it has no common resemblance or logical structure with the 'physical'. In Peirce semiotics: legisign-symbol-argument
comment: A 'conventional' that stand for a 'physical'.
elucidation: A 'conventional' that stand for a 'physical'.

AmountPerAreaTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerAreaTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountPerAreaTime'.

https://w3id.org/emmo#EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Will be removed with 1.0.0 release due to duplicated scope of emmo:example with respect to skos:example
sub property of: example
deprecated: true

Radian
type: Class
comment: Measure of plane angle.
comment: Dimensionless measurement unit for plane angle.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: rad
uneceCommonCode: C81
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD
ucumCode: rad
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Radian
elucidation: Measure of plane angle.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radian
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05036

ThermalUtilizationFactor
type: Class
comment: In an infinite medium, the quotient of the number of thermal neutrons absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified, and the total number of thermal neutrons absorbed.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalUtilizationFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99197650
ISO80000Reference: 10-76
elucidation: In an infinite medium, the quotient of the number of thermal neutrons absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified, and the total number of thermal neutrons absorbed.

AreaPerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+2 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerMass'.

StandardAbsoluteActivity
type: Class
comment: For a substance in a mixture, the absolute activity of the pure substance at the same temperature but at standard pressure.
alternative label: StandardAbsoluteActivityInAMixture
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StandardAbsoluteActivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89406159
ISO80000Reference: 9-23
elucidation: For a substance in a mixture, the absolute activity of the pure substance at the same temperature but at standard pressure.

DampingCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Inverse of the time constant of an exponentially varying quantity.
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-24
elucidation: Inverse of the time constant of an exponentially varying quantity.

Time
type: Class
comment: The indefinite continued progress of existence and events that occur in apparently irreversible succession from the past through the present to the future.
comment: Time can be seen as the duration of an event or, more operationally, as "what clocks read".
comment: One-dimensional subspace of space-time, which is locally orthogonal to space.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Time
definition: One-dimensional subspace of space-time, which is locally orthogonal to space.
ISO80000Reference: 3-7
elucidation: The indefinite continued progress of existence and events that occur in apparently irreversible succession from the past through the present to the future.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06375

ResourceIdentifier
type: Class
comment: A formal computer-interpretable identifier of a system resource.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A formal computer-interpretable identifier of a system resource.

SecondAxialMomentOfArea
type: Class
comment: A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SecondAxialMomentOfArea
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91405496
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-21.1
elucidation: A geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis.

Perspective
type: Class
comment: This class is the practical implementation of the EMMO pluralistic approach for which the only objective categorization is provided by the Universe individual and all the Quantum individuals. Between these two extremes, there are several subjective ways to categorize real world objects, each one provide under a 'Perspective' subclass.
comment: The class of causal objects that stand for world objects according to a specific representational perspective.
elucidation: The class of causal objects that stand for world objects according to a specific representational perspective.

ManufacturingSystem
type: Class
comment: A system arranged to setup a specific manufacturing process.
elucidation: A system arranged to setup a specific manufacturing process.

NewtonMetre
type: Class
comment: "Torque" is the tendency of a force to cause a rotation, is the product of the force and the distance from the center of rotation to the point where the force is applied. Torque has the same units as work or energy, but it is a different physical concept. To stress the difference, scientists measure torque in newton meters rather than in joules, the SI unit of work. One newton meter is approximately 0.737562 pound foot. -- QUDT
comment: Note that the physical dimension is the same as for Joule.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M
omReference: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/newtonMetre
elucidation: "Torque" is the tendency of a force to cause a rotation, is the product of the force and the distance from the center of rotation to the point where the force is applied. Torque has the same units as work or energy, but it is a different physical concept. To stress the difference, scientists measure torque in newton meters rather than in joules, the SI unit of work. One newton meter is approximately 0.737562 pound foot. -- QUDT

IntData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 32-bit integer number.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: int
elucidation: A data representing 32-bit integer number.

PerEnergyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerEnergy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L-2 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerEnergy'.

OganessonAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for oganesson.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 118
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 294.214
elucidation: Atom subclass for oganesson.

AmountConductivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConductivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L0 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AmountConductivity'.

BariumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for barium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 137.327
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 56
elucidation: Atom subclass for barium.

Peta
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e15.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+15
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: P
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e15.

HolmiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the holmium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ho
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the holmium atom.

qualified cardinality: 1

InternationalSystemOfQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities declared under the ISO 80000.
elucidation: Quantities declared under the ISO 80000.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Quantities

Task
type: Class
comment: A task is a generic part of a workflow, without taking care of the task granularities. It means that you can declare that e.g. tightening a bolt is a task of building an airplane, without caring of the coarser tasks to which this tightening belongs.
comment: A procedure that is an hoilistic part of a workflow.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Job
elucidation: A procedure that is an hoilistic part of a workflow.

VoltPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: The divergence at a particular point in a vector field is (roughly) how much the vector field 'spreads out' from that point. Operationally, we take the partial derivative of each of the field with respect to each of its space variables and add all the derivatives together to get the divergence. Electric field (V/m) differentiated with respect to distance (m) yields V/(m²). -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Volt per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-M2
ucumCode: V.m-2
unitSymbol: V/m²
elucidation: The divergence at a particular point in a vector field is (roughly) how much the vector field 'spreads out' from that point. Operationally, we take the partial derivative of each of the field with respect to each of its space variables and add all the derivatives together to get the divergence. Electric field (V/m) differentiated with respect to distance (m) yields V/(m²). -- QUDT

DebyeAngularFrequency
type: Class
comment: Cut-off angular frequency in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DebyeAngularFrequency
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105580986
ISO80000Reference: 12-10
elucidation: Cut-off angular frequency in the Debye model of the vibrational spectrum of a solid.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN ISO 5349-2:2015-12
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Object that is processed with a machine

LivermoriumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the livermorium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Lv
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the livermorium atom.

AntiMatter
type: Class
comment: This branch is not expanded due to the limited use of such entities.
comment: Antimatter is matter that is composed only of the antiparticles of those that constitute ordinary matter.
elucidation: Antimatter is matter that is composed only of the antiparticles of those that constitute ordinary matter.

LossAngle
type: Class
comment: Arctan of the loss factor
qudtReference: https://www.qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LossAngle
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820438
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-55
elucidation: Arctan of the loss factor

TemperaturePressurePerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePressurePerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'TemperaturePressurePerTime'.

PerMilliSecond
type: Class
comment: Per millisecond.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalMilliSecond
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-MilliSEC
ucumCode: ms-1
unitSymbol: /ms
elucidation: Per millisecond.

CurrentLinkage
type: Class
comment: For a closed path, scalar quantity equal to the electric current through any surface bounded by the path.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CurrentLinkage
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77995703
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-37.4
elucidation: For a closed path, scalar quantity equal to the electric current through any surface bounded by the path.

Ronna
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e27.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+27
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: R
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e27.

NuclearMagneton
type: Class
comment: Absolute value of the magnetic moment of a nucleus.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166093
ISO80000Reference: 10-9.3
elucidation: Absolute value of the magnetic moment of a nucleus.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04236

Coulomb
type: Class
comment: SI unit for electric charge.
comment: The SI unit of electric charge. One coulomb is the amount of charge accumulated in one second by a current of one ampere. Electricity is actually a flow of charged particles, such as electrons, protons, or ions. The charge on one of these particles is a whole-number multiple of the charge e on a single electron, and one coulomb represents a charge of approximately 6.241 506 x 1018 e. The coulomb is named for a French physicist, Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), who was the first to measure accurately the forces exerted between electric charges. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: C
uneceCommonCode: COU
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C
ucumCode: C
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Coulomb
elucidation: SI unit for electric charge.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01365

TemporalRole
type: Class
comment: An holistic temporal part of a whole.
alternative label: HolisticTemporalPart
elucidation: An holistic temporal part of a whole.

ApplicationSpecificScript
type: Class
comment: A scripting language developed specifically for an application, so that it's usage and interpretation is limited in this context.
example: Scripting file for the execution of modelling software such as LAMMPS, OpenFOAM, or for general purpose platforms such as MATLAB or Mathematica.
elucidation: A scripting language developed specifically for an application, so that it's usage and interpretation is limited in this context.

LutetiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for lutetium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 71
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 174.9668
elucidation: Atom subclass for lutetium.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8585-3:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Widening is tensile forming to increase the circumference of a hollow body. A distinction is made between: Widening, bulging.

SexticMetre
type: Class
comment: Metre to the power of six.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M6
unitSymbol: m⁶
elucidation: Metre to the power of six.

PlasticSintering
type: Class

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Factory
etymology: From Latin factor, from fact- ‘done’, from the verb facere (to do).

CoulombPerSquareMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Coulomb Per Square Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-MilliM2
ucumCode: C.mm-2
ucumCode: C/mm2
unitSymbol: C/mm²
elucidation: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT

hasPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The primitive relation that express the concept of an entity being part of another one.
comment: All other mereology relations can be defined in FOL using hasPart as primitive.
elucidation: The primitive relation that express the concept of an entity being part of another one.

hasFragment
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between two individuals representing a collection and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole.
elucidation: The relation between two individuals representing a collection and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole.

Restriction
min qualified cardinality: 2

JoulePerSquareTesla
type: Class
comment: A measure of the diamagnetic energy, for a Bohr-radius spread around a magnetic axis, per square Tesla. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule per Square Tesla
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-T2
ucumCode: J.T-2
unitSymbol: J/T²
elucidation: A measure of the diamagnetic energy, for a Bohr-radius spread around a magnetic axis, per square Tesla. -- QUDT

WorkpieceManufacturing
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing with an output that is an object with a specific function, shape, or intended use, not simply a material.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
see also: ISO 15531-1:2004 discrete manufacturing: production of discrete items.
see also: ISO 8887-1:2017 manufacturing: production of components
alternative label: DiscreteManufacturing
alternative label: Werkstücke @de
elucidation: A manufacturing with an output that is an object with a specific function, shape, or intended use, not simply a material.

GapEnergy
type: Class
comment: Smallest energy difference between the lowest level of conduction band and the highest level of valence band at zero thermodynamic temperature.
alternative label: BandgapEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103982939
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-27.2
elucidation: Smallest energy difference between the lowest level of conduction band and the highest level of valence band at zero thermodynamic temperature.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00593

DubniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the dubnium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Db
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the dubnium atom.

ChemicalRepresentation
type: Class
comment: A representation of objects belonging to the chemistry field.
elucidation: A representation of objects belonging to the chemistry field.

RelativeHumidity
type: Class
comment: Ratio of the partial pressure p of water vapour in moist air to its partial pressure psat at saturation, at the same temperature φ = p/psat.
comment: The relative humidity is often expressed in per cent.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeHumidity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2499617
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-33
elucidation: Ratio of the partial pressure p of water vapour in moist air to its partial pressure psat at saturation, at the same temperature φ = p/psat.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humidity#Relative_humidity

AngularAcceleration
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity giving the rate of change of angular velocity.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularAcceleration
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Angular_acceleration
ISO80000Reference: 3-13
elucidation: Vector quantity giving the rate of change of angular velocity.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_acceleration

MobiusStrip
type: Class
comment: A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and one "face".
elucidation: A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and one "face".

MechanicalQuantity
type: Class
comment: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-4.
elucidation: Quantities categorised according to ISO 80000-4.

NeutronYieldPerFission
type: Class
comment: Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per fission event.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NeutronYieldPerFission
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99157909
ISO80000Reference: 10-74.1
elucidation: Average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per fission event.

Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: y
  argument2: z
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  argument1: x
  argument2: z
comment: Transitivity for proper parthood.

MixingRatio
type: Class
comment: Ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air in a given volume of air.
comment: The mixing ratio at saturation is denoted xsat.
alternative label: MassRatioOfWaterVapourToDryGas
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378940
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-30
elucidation: Ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air in a given volume of air.

GramPerMinute
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit minute -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-05
alternative label: Gram Per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/GM-PER-MIN
ucumCode: g.min-1
unitSymbol: g/min
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram divided by the unit minute -- QUDT

MeanDurationOfLife
type: Class
comment: Reciprocal of the decay constant λ.
alternative label: MeanLifeTime
qudtReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758559
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanLifetime
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-25
elucidation: Reciprocal of the decay constant λ.

ConventionalProperty
type: Class
comment: A quantitative property attributed by agreement to a quantity for a given purpose.
comment: A property that is associated to an object by convention, or assumption.
example: The thermal conductivity of a copper sample in my laboratory can be assumed to be the conductivity that appears in the vendor specification. This value has been obtained by measurement of a sample which is not the one I have in my laboratory. This conductivity value is then a conventional quantitiative property assigned to my sample through a semiotic process in which no actual measurement is done by my laboratory. If I don't believe the vendor, then I can measure the actual thermal conductivity. I then perform a measurement process that semiotically assign another value for the conductivity, which is a measured property, since is part of a measurement process. Then I have two different physical quantities that are properties thanks to two different semiotic processes.
elucidation: A quantitative property attributed by agreement to a quantity for a given purpose.

qualified cardinality: 1

PerCubicCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: reciprocal of the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalCubicCentiMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-CentiM3
ucumCode: cm-3
unitSymbol: /cm³
elucidation: reciprocal of the 0.000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

Heteronuclear
type: Class
comment: A molecule composed of more than one element type.
example: Nitric oxide (NO) or carbon dioxide (CO₂).
elucidation: A molecule composed of more than one element type.

PoloniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for polonium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 84
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 208.98243
elucidation: Atom subclass for polonium.

AlgebricOperator
type: Class

hasPiece
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between two individuals representing an entity and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole.
comment: A non-maximal part is a proper part that is connected with the rest of the whole.
alternative label: hasNotMaximalPart
elucidation: The relation between two individuals representing an entity and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole.

hasDirectPart
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
comment: The relation grouping all direct parthood relations used in the reductionistic perspective.
comment: Direct parthood is the non transitive version of parthood enabling the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several tesselation levels according to specific criteria. The criteria are implemented in specialised versions of the direct parthood relation (e.g., metrological direct part, XML format direct part). The direct parts (tiles) and the tessellated entity (tessellation) are causally self connected (i.e., items), coherently with the concept behind the definition of the reductionistic perspective.
comment: This relation is not antitransitive, to enable partitioning of a causal structure with more than one tiling scheme (e.g. time and space partitioning).
conceptualisation: Direct parthood is the non transitive version of parthood enabling the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several tesselation levels according to specific criteria. The criteria are implemented in specialised versions of the direct parthood relation (e.g., metrological direct part, XML format direct part). The direct parts (tiles) and the tessellated entity (tessellation) are causally self connected (i.e., items), coherently with the concept behind the definition of the reductionistic perspective.
elucidation: The relation grouping all direct parthood relations used in the reductionistic perspective.
comment: This relation is a simple collector of all relations inverse functional direct parthoods that can be defined in specialised theories using reductionism.

VolumePerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'VolumePerTime'.

UnsignedLongData
type: Class
comment: A data representing 64-bit non-negative integer number, 0...18446744073709551615.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: unsignedLong
elucidation: A data representing 64-bit non-negative integer number, 0...18446744073709551615.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: FunctionalIcon
etymology: From Latin functiō (“performance, execution”), from functus, perfect participle of fungor (“to perform, execute, discharge”).

hasTask
type: ObjectProperty

Sawing
type: Class
comment: Process of cutting a workpiece into smaller parts that are either doughter parts, samples (e.g. for testing) or scrap.
comment: Cutting with circular or straight cutting motion, using a multi-toothed tool of small cutting width, the cutting motion being performed by the tool
alternative label: Sägen
elucidation: Process of cutting a workpiece into smaller parts that are either doughter parts, samples (e.g. for testing) or scrap.

AreaPerQuarticTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerQuarticTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-4 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerQuarticTime'.

Sol
type: Class
comment: A colloid in which small particles (1 nm to 100 nm) are suspended in a continuum phase.
elucidation: A colloid in which small particles (1 nm to 100 nm) are suspended in a continuum phase.

MagnesiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for magnesium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 12
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 24.305
elucidation: Atom subclass for magnesium.

AmpereHourPerKilogram
type: Class
comment: unit of electric charge relative to mass
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
elucidation: unit of electric charge relative to mass

LengthPerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerTemperature'.

partakesIn
type: ObjectProperty

SparkPlasmaSintering
type: Class

ScriptingLanguage
type: Class
comment: A programming language that is executed through runtime interpretation.
elucidation: A programming language that is executed through runtime interpretation.

InductanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Inductance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M+1 I-2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Inductance'.

SectionAreaIntegralUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SectionAreaIntegral'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+5 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SectionAreaIntegral'.

hasAgent
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation within a process and an agengt participant.
elucidation: The relation within a process and an agengt participant.

SpinQuantumNumber
type: Class
comment: Characteristic quantum number s of a particle, related to its spin.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpinQuantumNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3879445
ISO80000Reference: 10-13.5
elucidation: Characteristic quantum number s of a particle, related to its spin.

CopperAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for copper.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 29
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 63.546
elucidation: Atom subclass for copper.

Volt
type: Class
comment: SI unit for electric potential difference.
comment: The volt is the unit of electric potential difference—electric potential difference is also known as voltage. The size of 1 volt is officially defined as the potential difference between two points of a wire carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated in the wire is 1 watt.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: V
uneceCommonCode: VLT
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
ucumCode: V
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Volt
elucidation: SI unit for electric potential difference.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.V06634

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Symbolic
etymology: From Ancient Greek σύμβολον (súmbolon, “a sign by which one infers something; a mark, token, badge, ticket, tally, check, a signal, watchword, outward sign”), from συμβάλλω (sumbállō, “I throw together, dash together, compare, correspond, tally, come to a conclusion”), from σύν (sún, “with, together”) + βάλλω (bállō, “I throw, put”).

ParticleFluenceRate
type: Class
comment: Differential quotient of fluence Φ with respect to time.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleFluenceRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98497410
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-44
elucidation: Differential quotient of fluence Φ with respect to time.

ElectricDipoleMoment
type: Class
comment: An electric dipole, vector quantity of magnitude equal to the product of the positive charge and the distance between the charges and directed from the negative charge to the positive charge.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricDipoleMoment
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735135
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-6
elucidation: An electric dipole, vector quantity of magnitude equal to the product of the positive charge and the distance between the charges and directed from the negative charge to the positive charge.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01929

RheniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the rhenium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Re
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the rhenium atom.

LuminousEfficacyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousEfficacy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-1 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J+1
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LuminousEfficacy'.

Wavenumber
type: Class
comment: The number of waves per unit length along the direction of propagation.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Wavenumber
ISO80000Reference: 3-18
elucidation: The number of waves per unit length along the direction of propagation.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06664

Density
type: Class
comment: Quantity representing the spatial distribution of mass in a continuous material.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MassDensity
alternative label: MassConcentration
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Density
ISO80000Reference: 9-10
ISO80000Reference: Mass per volume.
ISO80000Reference: 4-2
elucidation: Quantity representing the spatial distribution of mass in a continuous material.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01590

Hardening
type: Class
comment: Heat treatment process that generally produces martensite in the matrix.

MeanMassRange
type: Class
comment: Product of the mean linear range R and the mass density ρ of the material.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanMassRange
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98681670
ISO80000Reference: 10-57
elucidation: Product of the mean linear range R and the mass density ρ of the material.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03783

Calendering
type: Class

IsentropicExponent
type: Class
comment: For an ideal gas, isentropic exponent is equal to ratio of the specific heat capacities.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IsentropicExponent
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75775739
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-17.2
elucidation: For an ideal gas, isentropic exponent is equal to ratio of the specific heat capacities.

SquareTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ+2 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquareTemperature'.

DieCasting
type: Class

PerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: Per square second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSquareSecond
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC2
ucumCode: s-2
unitSymbol: /s²
elucidation: Per square second.

HenryPerOhm
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Henry Per Ohm
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H-PER-OHM
ucumCode: H.Ohm-1
unitSymbol: H/Ω
elucidation: SI derived unit henry divided by the SI derived unit ohm -- QUDT

MoscoviumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the moscovium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mc
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the moscovium atom.

ElectricPotentialPerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotentialPerTemperature'.

hasUnitNonPrefixPart
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a prefixed unit to its non-prefixed part.
example: For example the unit CentiNewtonMetre has prefix "Centi" and non-prefix part "NewtonMetre".
elucidation: Relates a prefixed unit to its non-prefixed part.

hasDescription
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a description in a declaration process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a description in a declaration process.

TotalCrossSection
type: Class
comment: Sum of all cross sections corresponding to the various reactions or processes between an incident particle of specified type and energy and a target entity.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalCrossSection
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98206553
ISO80000Reference: 10-38.2
elucidation: Sum of all cross sections corresponding to the various reactions or processes between an incident particle of specified type and energy and a target entity.

RadianSquareMetrePerKilogram
type: Class
comment: Radian square metre per kilogram.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-M2-PER-KiloGM
ucumCode: rad.m2.kg-1
unitSymbol: rad⋅m²/kg
elucidation: Radian square metre per kilogram.

NuclearRadius
type: Class
comment: Conventional radius of sphere in which the nuclear matter is included,
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NuclearRadius
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3535676
ISO80000Reference: 10-19.1
elucidation: Conventional radius of sphere in which the nuclear matter is included,

ResonanceEscapeProbability
type: Class
comment: In an infinite medium, the probability that a neutron slowing down will traverse all or some specified portion of the range of resonance energies without being absorbed.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ResonanceEscapeProbability
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4108072
ISO80000Reference: 10-68
elucidation: In an infinite medium, the probability that a neutron slowing down will traverse all or some specified portion of the range of resonance energies without being absorbed.

NiobiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for niobium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 41
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 92.90637
elucidation: Atom subclass for niobium.

PerSecond
type: Class
comment: A reciprical unit of time for `reciprocal second` or `inverse second`. The `Per Second` is a unit of rate. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSecond
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-SEC
ucumCode: /s
ucumCode: s-1
unitSymbol: /s
elucidation: A reciprical unit of time for `reciprocal second` or `inverse second`. The `Per Second` is a unit of rate. -- QUDT

Galvanizing
type: Class

ResemblanceIcon
type: Class
comment: An icon that focus on WHERE/WHEN the object is, in the sense of spatial or temporal shape.
comment: An icon that mimics the spatial or temporal shape of the object.
comment: The subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture).
example: A geographical map that imitates the shape of the landscape and its properties at a specific historical time.
elucidation: An icon that mimics the spatial or temporal shape of the object.

IonizationEnergy
type: Class
comment: Difference between energy of an electron at rest at infinity and a certain energy level which is the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IonizationEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483769
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-24.2
elucidation: Difference between energy of an electron at rest at infinity and a certain energy level which is the energy of an electron in the interior of a substance.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03199

NuclidicMass
type: Class
comment: Rest mass of a nuclide X in the ground state.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97010809
ISO80000Reference: 10-4.2
elucidation: Rest mass of a nuclide X in the ground state.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04258

elucidation
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Short enlightening explanation aimed to facilitate the user in drawing the connection (interpretation) between a OWL entity and the real world object(s) for which it stands.
comment: An elucidation should address the real world entities using the concepts introduced by the conceptualisation annotation.
sub property of: comment
elucidation: Short enlightening explanation aimed to facilitate the user in drawing the connection (interpretation) between a OWL entity and the real world object(s) for which it stands.

Axiom
see also: ISO/TR 10809-1:2009, 0000_19
annotated target: Heat treatment process that generally produces martensite in the matrix.

DefinedEdgeCutting
type: Class
alternative label: Spanen mit geometrisch bestimmten Schneiden
alternative label: Machining in which a tool is used whose number of cutting edges, geometry of the cutting wedges and position of the cutting edges in relation to the workpiece are determined

RecombinationCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Coefficient in the law of recombination,
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RecombinationCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98842099
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-63
elucidation: Coefficient in the law of recombination,

MegaPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "mega" (1e6).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "mega" (1e6).

NewtonPerSquareCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit newton divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+04
alternative label: Newton Per Square Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-CentiM2
ucumCode: N.cm-2
unitSymbol: N/cm²
elucidation: derived SI unit newton divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT

SolidAerosol
type: Class
comment: An aerosol composed of fine solid particles in air or another gas.
elucidation: An aerosol composed of fine solid particles in air or another gas.

ElementaryFermion
type: Class
comment: An elementary particle of a fundamental fermionic type.
elucidation: An elementary particle of a fundamental fermionic type.

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Dedomena
etymology: From Greek, nominative plural form of δεδομένο (dedoméno) (data, information)

AngularMomentumUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularMomentum'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularMomentum'.

MolePerSquareMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area per SI unit of time. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Moles per square metre per second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC
ucumCode: mol.m-2.s-1
unitSymbol: mol/(m²⋅s)
elucidation: SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit area per SI unit of time. -- QUDT

SquareCentiMetrePerCubicCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: Square centimetre per cubic centimetre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM2-PER-CentiM3
ucumCode: cm2.cm-3
unitSymbol: cm²/cm³
elucidation: Square centimetre per cubic centimetre.

Axiom
annotated target: In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition. A simple description is that a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is another separate phase. The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter. Also, the term phase is sometimes used to refer to a set of equilibrium states demarcated in terms of state variables such as pressure and temperature by a phase boundary on a phase diagram. Because phase boundaries relate to changes in the organization of matter, such as a change from liquid to solid or a more subtle change from one crystal structure to another, this latter usage is similar to the use of "phase" as a synonym for state of matter. However, the state of matter and phase diagram usages are not commensurate with the formal definition given above and the intended meaning must be determined in part from the context in which the term is used.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_(matter)

ActivityOfSolvent
type: Class
comment: For a solvent in a solution, quotient of the absolute activity and that of the pure substance at the same temperature and pressure.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89486193
ISO80000Reference: 9-27.1
elucidation: For a solvent in a solution, quotient of the absolute activity and that of the pure substance at the same temperature and pressure.

CatalyticActivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'CatalyticActivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'CatalyticActivity'.

CubicCentiMetrePerDay
type: Class
comment: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit day -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-11
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-DAY
ucumCode: cm3.d-1
ucumCode: cm3/d
unitSymbol: cm³/day
elucidation: 0,000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit day -- QUDT

FrequencyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Frequency'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Frequency'.

JoulePerMoleKelvin
type: Class
comment: Energy needed to heat one mole of substance by 1 Kelvin, under standard conditions (not standard temperature and pressure STP). The standard molar entropy is usually given the symbol S, and has units of joules per mole kelvin ( J· mol⁻¹ K⁻¹). Unlike standard enthalpies of formation, the value of S is an absolute. That is, an element in its standard state has a nonzero value of S at room temperature. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Joule per Mole Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-MOL-K
ucumCode: J.mol-1.K-1
unitSymbol: J/(mol⋅K)
elucidation: Energy needed to heat one mole of substance by 1 Kelvin, under standard conditions (not standard temperature and pressure STP). The standard molar entropy is usually given the symbol S, and has units of joules per mole kelvin ( J· mol⁻¹ K⁻¹). Unlike standard enthalpies of formation, the value of S is an absolute. That is, an element in its standard state has a nonzero value of S at room temperature. -- QUDT

CubicMilliMetrePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: volume ratio consisting of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Millimetre Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM3-PER-M3
ucumCode: mm3.m-3
unitSymbol: mm³/m³
elucidation: volume ratio consisting of the 0.000000001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

PerPicoMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Picoometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /pm. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+12
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalPicoMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-PicoM
ucumCode: /pm
ucumCode: pm-1
unitSymbol: /pm
elucidation: Per Picoometer Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /pm. -- QUDT

hasSIConversionMultiplier
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Number to multiply a SI coherent unit with when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit.
comment: Conversion formula: nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset
range: double
elucidation: Number to multiply a SI coherent unit with when converting to a given non-SI coherent unit.

MicroMole
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroMOL
ucumCode: umol
unitSymbol: μmol
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit mol -- QUDT

ActivityOfSolute
type: Class
comment: For a solute X in a solution; quantity proportional to the absolute activity.
alternative label: RelativeActivityOfSolute
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89408862
ISO80000Reference: 9-24
elucidation: For a solute X in a solution; quantity proportional to the absolute activity.

MicroGram
type: Class
comment: 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-09
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroGM
ucumCode: ug
unitSymbol: μg
elucidation: 0.000000001-fold of the SI base unit kilogram -- QUDT

DateTimeStampData
type: Class
comment: A data that represents instants of time, marked with a particular time zone offset.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: dateTimeStamp
elucidation: A data that represents instants of time, marked with a particular time zone offset.

LevelWidth
type: Class
comment: In nuclear physics, quotient of the reduced Planck constant and the mean duration of life of an unstable particle or an excited state.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LevelWidth
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98082340
ISO80000Reference: 10-26
elucidation: In nuclear physics, quotient of the reduced Planck constant and the mean duration of life of an unstable particle or an excited state.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03507

MagneticDipoleMomentUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticDipoleMoment'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticDipoleMoment'.

CubicMetre
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of volume, equal to 1.0e6 cm3, 1000 liters, 35.3147 ft3, or 1.30795 yd3. A cubic meter holds about 264.17 U.S. liquid gallons or 219.99 British Imperial gallons. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
uneceCommonCode: MTQ
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3
omReference: http://www.ontology-of-units-of-measure.org/resource/om-2/cubicMetre
ucumCode: m3
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cubic_metre
unitSymbol: m³
elucidation: The SI unit of volume, equal to 1.0e6 cm3, 1000 liters, 35.3147 ft3, or 1.30795 yd3. A cubic meter holds about 264.17 U.S. liquid gallons or 219.99 British Imperial gallons. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_metre

Stress
type: Class
comment: Measure of the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other.
comment: Force per unit oriented surface area .
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Stress
ISO80000Reference: 4-15
elucidation: Measure of the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other.

Axiom
annotated property: subClassOf
annotated target: Restriction
comment: Every entity is made of quantum parts. This axiomatisation is the expression of the radical reductionistic approach of the EMMO.

QueryLanguage
type: Class
comment: A construction language used to make queries in databases and information systems.
example: SQL, SPARQL
elucidation: A construction language used to make queries in databases and information systems.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_language

Axiom
see also: DIN 8583-2:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Continuous or stepwise pressure forming with one or more rotating tools (rollers), without or with additional tools, e.g. plugs or mandrels, rods, guide tools

LongRangeOrderParameter
type: Class
comment: Fraction of atoms in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Long-RangeOrderParameter
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105496124
ISO80000Reference: 12-5.2
elucidation: Fraction of atoms in an Ising ferromagnet having magnetic moments in one direction, minus the fraction having magnetic moments in the opposite direction.

BurgersVector
type: Class
comment: Vector characterising a dislocation in a crystal lattice.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/BurgersVector
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623093
ISO80000Reference: 12-6
elucidation: Vector characterising a dislocation in a crystal lattice.

SIMetricPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: The presence of the prefix makes this units non-coherent with SI system.
comment: A SI base or special unit with a metric prefix.
elucidation: A SI base or special unit with a metric prefix.

Wavelength
type: Class
comment: Length of the repetition interval of a wave.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Wavelength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Wavelength
ISO80000Reference: 3-19
elucidation: Length of the repetition interval of a wave.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06659

CompressiveForming
type: Class
comment: lasciano tensioni residue di compressione
comment: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by uniaxial or multiaxial compressive stress.
alternative label: Druckumformen

Luminance
type: Class
comment: A photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction.
comment: Measured in cd/m². Not to confuse with Illuminance, which is measured in lux (cd sr/m²).
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Luminance
elucidation: A photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03640

SpeedOfLightInVacuum
type: Class
comment: The speed of light in vacuum. Defines the base unit metre in the SI system.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/SpeedOfLight_Vacuum
ISO80000Reference: 6-35.2
elucidation: The speed of light in vacuum. Defines the base unit metre in the SI system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05854

UraniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the uranium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: U
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the uranium atom.

Welding
type: Class
comment: Joining process by softening the surfaces to be joined, either by heat or with a solvent (swelling welding, solvent welding), and pressing the softened surfaces together.
alternative label: Schweißen

MechanicalMobilityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MechanicalMobility'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L0 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MechanicalMobility'.

FleroviumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for flerovium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 114
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 289.19
elucidation: Atom subclass for flerovium.

BoronAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for boron.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 10.81
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 5
elucidation: Atom subclass for boron.

MetrologicalUncertainty
type: Class
comment: Metrological uncertainty in EMMO is a slight generalisation of the VIM term 'measurement uncertainty', which is defined as "a non-negative parameter characterising the dispersion of the quantity being measured".
comment: In general, for a given set of information, it is understood that the measurement uncertainty is associated with a stated quantity value. A modification of this value results in a modification of the associated uncertainty.
comment: The uncertainty of a quantity obtained through a well-defined procedure, characterising of the dispersion of the quantity.
comment: Metrological uncertainty includes components arising from systematic effects, such as components associated with corrections and the assigned quantity values of measurement standards, as well as the definitional uncertainty. Sometimes estimated systematic effects are not corrected for but, instead, associated measurement uncertainty components are incorporated.
alternative label: A metrological uncertainty can be assigned to any objective property via the 'hasMetrologicalUncertainty' relation.
example: - Standard deviation - Half-width of an interval with a stated coverage probability
elucidation: The uncertainty of a quantity obtained through a well-defined procedure, characterising of the dispersion of the quantity.

KiloPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "kilo" (1000).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "kilo" (1000).

MagneticFlux
type: Class
comment: Measure of magnetism, taking account of the strength and the extent of a magnetic field.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MagneticFlux
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Magnetic_flux
ISO80000Reference: 6-22.1
elucidation: Measure of magnetism, taking account of the strength and the extent of a magnetic field.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_flux
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03684

LinearMassDensity
type: Class
comment: Mass per length.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: LineicMass
alternative label: LinearDensity
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/LinearDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56298294
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-6
elucidation: Mass per length.

DegreeCelsiusPerMinute
type: Class
comment: `Degree Celsius per Minute` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / m. -- QUDT
alternative label: Degree Celsius per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG_C-PER-MIN
ucumCode: Cel.min-1
ucumCode: Cel/min
unitSymbol: °C/min
elucidation: `Degree Celsius per Minute` is a unit for 'Temperature Per Time' expressed as degC / m. -- QUDT

Reductionistic
type: Class
comment: A class devoted to categorize causal objects by specifying their granularity levels.
comment: A granularity level is specified by a tiling decomposition of the whole y. A tiling is identified as a set of items {x1, x2, ... xn} called tiles that: - are proper parts of y - covers the entire whole (y = x1 +x2 + ... + xn) - do not overlap - are part of one, and one only, whole (inverse functional)
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A class devoted to categorize causal objects by specifying their granularity levels.
comment: Direct parthood is the antitransitive parthood relation used to build the class hierarchy (and the granularity hierarchy) for this perspective.

ProgrammingLanguage
type: Class
comment: A language object that follows syntactic rules of a programming language.
comment: A programming language object can also be a fragment (e.g. a C function) not suitable for exectution.
alternative label: Code
alternative label: SoftwareCode
elucidation: A language object that follows syntactic rules of a programming language.
comment: Entities are not necessarily digital data, but can be code fragments printed on paper.

Sequence
type: Class
comment: A tessellation of temporal slices.
elucidation: A tessellation of temporal slices.

MaterialTreatment
type: Class
comment: esce workpiece
comment: Has shaped bodies as input and output.
comment: The processing of a material aimed to transform its structure by means of any type of treatment, without involving relevant synthesis phenomena.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
alternative label: Stoffeigenschaft ändern
alternative label: WorkPieceTreatment
elucidation: The processing of a material aimed to transform its structure by means of any type of treatment, without involving relevant synthesis phenomena.
comment: Manufacturing by changing the properties of the material of which a workpiece is made, which is done, among other things, by changes in the submicroscopic or atomic range, e.g. by diffusion of atoms, generation and movement of dislocations in the atomic lattice or chemical reactions, and where unavoidable changes in shape are not part of the essence of these processes.

Coercivity
type: Class
comment: Coercive field strength in a substance when either the magnetic flux density or the magnetic polarization and magnetization is brought from its value at magnetic saturation to zero by monotonic reduction of the applied magnetic field strength.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Coercivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432635
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-31
elucidation: Coercive field strength in a substance when either the magnetic flux density or the magnetic polarization and magnetization is brought from its value at magnetic saturation to zero by monotonic reduction of the applied magnetic field strength.

PhotochemicalProcesses
type: Class

SilverSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the silver atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ag
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the silver atom.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN 14943:2006-03
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Conversion of materials and assembly of components for the manufacture of products

Stage
type: Class
comment: A process which is an holistic temporal part of a process.
example: Moving a leg is a stage of the process of running.
elucidation: A process which is an holistic temporal part of a process.

BoltzmannConstant
type: Class
comment: The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Boltzmann_constant) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity.
comment: A physical constant relating energy at the individual particle level with temperature. It is the gas constant R divided by the Avogadro constant. It defines the Kelvin unit in the SI system.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/BoltzmannConstant
elucidation: A physical constant relating energy at the individual particle level with temperature. It is the gas constant R divided by the Avogadro constant. It defines the Kelvin unit in the SI system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.B00695

MicrowaveSintering
type: Class

PerWeber
type: Class
comment: Per Weber unit.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalWeber
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-WB
ucumCode: Wb-1
unitSymbol: /Wb
elucidation: Per Weber unit.

ZeroManifold
type: Class
comment: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 0-dimensional Euclidean space.
alternative label: 0-manifold
elucidation: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 0-dimensional Euclidean space.

ElectronicModel
type: Class
comment: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of electrons.
example: Density functional theory. Hartree-Fock.
elucidation: A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of electrons.

KryptonSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the krypton atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Kr
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the krypton atom.

HenryPerMetre
type: Class
comment: The henry per meter (symbolized H/m) is the unit of magnetic permeability in the International System of Units ( SI ). Reduced to base units in SI, 1 H/m is the equivalent of one kilogram meter per square second per square ampere. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Henry per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H-PER-M
ucumCode: H.m-1
unitSymbol: H/m
elucidation: The henry per meter (symbolized H/m) is the unit of magnetic permeability in the International System of Units ( SI ). Reduced to base units in SI, 1 H/m is the equivalent of one kilogram meter per square second per square ampere. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry

Axiom
see also: DIN 8588:2013-08
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Mechanical separation of workpieces without the formation of shapeless material, i.e. also without chips (chipless).

CausalParticle
type: Class
comment: A causal particle represents the most elementary entity in physics, being it a simple state of an elementary particle, called quantum in the EMMO, or a chain of causally connected quanta.
comment: The disjoint union of CausalPath and Quantum classes.
comment: The class of individuals representing causal particles.
equivalent class: Class
conceptualisation: A causal particle represents the most elementary entity in physics, being it a simple state of an elementary particle, called quantum in the EMMO, or a chain of causally connected quanta.
definition: The disjoint union of CausalPath and Quantum classes.
elucidation: The class of individuals representing causal particles.

hasDimension
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation that relates a datum to its dimension.
elucidation: A semiotic relation that relates a datum to its dimension.

EnergyFluence
type: Class
comment: In nuclear physics, incident radiant energy per cross-sectional area.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EnergyFluence
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98538612
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-46
elucidation: In nuclear physics, incident radiant energy per cross-sectional area.

FluorineAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for fluorine.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 9
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 18.998403163
elucidation: Atom subclass for fluorine.

SICoherentDerivedUnit
type: Class
comment: This class collects all units that are products or powers of SI base or SI special units only.
comment: A SI derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of SI base units is one.
example: m/s kg/m^3
elucidation: A SI derived unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of SI base units is one.

ElectronVoltPerTesla
type: Class
comment: "Electron Volt per Tesla" is a unit for 'Magnetic Dipole Moment' expressed as eV T⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.602177e-19
alternative label: Electron Volt per Tesla
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/EV-PER-T
ucumCode: eV.T-1
ucumCode: eV/T
unitSymbol: eV/T
elucidation: "Electron Volt per Tesla" is a unit for 'Magnetic Dipole Moment' expressed as eV T⁻¹. -- QUDT

MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the mass of water vapour in moist gas by the total gas volume.
comment: The mass concentration of water at saturation is denoted vsat.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassConcentrationOfWaterVapour
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76378808
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
elucidation: Quotient of the mass of water vapour in moist gas by the total gas volume.

ThermalConductivity
type: Class
comment: In an anisotropic medium, thermal conductivity is a tensor quantity.
comment: At a point fixed in a medium with a temperature field, scalar quantity λ characterizing the ability of the medium to transmit heat through a surface element containing that point: φ = −λ grad T, where φ is the density of heat flow rate and T is thermodynamic temperature.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermalConductivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Thermal_conductivity
ISO80000Reference: 5-9
elucidation: At a point fixed in a medium with a temperature field, scalar quantity λ characterizing the ability of the medium to transmit heat through a surface element containing that point: φ = −λ grad T, where φ is the density of heat flow rate and T is thermodynamic temperature.

isRemovedFrom
type: ObjectProperty

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Whole
etymology: From Middle English hole (“healthy, unhurt, whole”).

EinsteiniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for einsteinium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 99
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 252.083
elucidation: Atom subclass for einsteinium.

QuarticElectricDipoleMomentPerCubicEnergyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticElectricDipoleMomentPerCubicEnergy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+10 L-2 M-3 I+4 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticElectricDipoleMomentPerCubicEnergy'.

ActivePower
type: Class
comment: Average power over a period.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ActivePower
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820042
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-56
elucidation: Average power over a period.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Graphical
etymology: From the Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) which means drawing, painting, writing, a writing, description, and from γράφω (gráphō) which means scratch, carve.
comment: The term graphical is used in etymological sense, comprising both writings and visual arts.

MechanicalEfficiency
type: Class
comment: Quotient of mechanical output and input power.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2628085
ISO80000Reference: 4-29
elucidation: Quotient of mechanical output and input power.

hasDatum
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a dataset to its datum.
elucidation: Relates a dataset to its datum.

Pressing
type: Class
comment: A collective term for the processes in which, during joining, the parts to be joined and any auxiliary parts are essentially only elastically deformed and unintentional loosening is prevented by frictional connection.
alternative label: Anpressen

PerLengthTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerLengthTime'.

OsmiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for osmium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 190.23
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 76
elucidation: Atom subclass for osmium.

HeatFlowRate
type: Class
comment: Amount of heat through a surface during a time interval divided by the duration of this interval.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/HeatFlowRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12160631
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-7
elucidation: Amount of heat through a surface during a time interval divided by the duration of this interval.

Objective
type: Class
comment: The word objective does not mean that each observation will provide the same results. It means that the observation followed a well defined procedure. This class refers to what is commonly known as physical property, i.e. a measurable property of physical system, whether is quantifiable or not.
comment: A coded conventional that is determined by each interpeter following a well defined determination procedure through a specific perception channel.
elucidation: A coded conventional that is determined by each interpeter following a well defined determination procedure through a specific perception channel.

SiemensPerMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Siemens Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S-PER-M
ucumCode: S/m
ucumCode: S.m-1
unitSymbol: S/m
elucidation: SI derived unit siemens divided by the SI base unit metre. -- QUDT

MultiSimulation
type: Class
comment: A physics based simulation with multiple physics based models.
elucidation: A physics based simulation with multiple physics based models.

Deduction
type: Class
comment: A semiotic process that assigns a sign by deduction from causal continguity.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: IndexSemiosis
example: The interpreter feels that the plate is hot and assigns the status of the kitchen stove to be on.
elucidation: A semiotic process that assigns a sign by deduction from causal continguity.

Work
type: Class
comment: Product of force and displacement.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Work
ISO80000Reference: 4-28.4
elucidation: Product of force and displacement.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06684

NewtonianConstantOfGravityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonianConstantOfGravity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+3 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'NewtonianConstantOfGravity'.

CeramicMaterial
type: Class

Axiom
see also: EN 16603-11:2019-11
annotated property: comment
annotated target: application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or achieve an objective

hasSpatioTemporalTile
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A tile that is connected with other tiles with bi-directional causal relations that fall under hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact.
comment: This owl:ObjectProperty is, like its super property, a mere collector of direct parthoods that manifest a spatiotemporal meaningful shape.
alternative label: hasWellFormedTile
elucidation: A tile that is connected with other tiles with bi-directional causal relations that fall under hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact.

hasCognised
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A semiotic relation connecting a recognising interpreter to the "cognised" semiotic object in a cognition process.
elucidation: A semiotic relation connecting a recognising interpreter to the "cognised" semiotic object in a cognition process.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: PhysicalObject
etymology: From Latin physica "study of nature" (and Ancient Greek φυσικός, “natural”), and Medieval Latin obiectum (“object”, literally “thrown against”).

CubicMetrePerCoulomb
type: Class
comment: Cubic metre per Coulomb.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-C
ucumCode: m3.C-1
unitSymbol: m³/C
elucidation: Cubic metre per Coulomb.

CausalPath
type: Class
comment: The causal path class can be defined univocally in FOL.
comment: The class of entities that possess a temporal structure but no spatial structure.
comment: A causal chain is an ordered causal sequence of entities that does not host any bifurcation within itself (a chain). A chain can only be partitioned in time.
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: Class
alternative label: Elementary
alternative label: CausalChain
example: An electron with at least one causal interaction with another particle.
conceptualisation: A causal chain is an ordered causal sequence of entities that does not host any bifurcation within itself (a chain). A chain can only be partitioned in time.
elucidation: The class of entities that possess a temporal structure but no spatial structure.

ElectricDipoleMomentUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDipoleMoment'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L+1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricDipoleMoment'.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: CausalSystem
etymology: From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “musical scale; organized body; whole made of several parts or members”), from σῠν- (sun-, prefix meaning ‘with, together’) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”).

MergingManufacturing
type: Class
alternative label: AddingManufacturing

CopperSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the copper atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cu
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the copper atom.

ElectricConductivityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-3 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductivity'.

OxygenSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the oxygen atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: O
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the oxygen atom.

LengthPerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthPerAmount'.

GibbsEnergy
type: Class
comment: Type of thermodynamic potential; useful for calculating reversible work in certain systems.
alternative label: GibbsFreeEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334631
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-20.5
elucidation: Type of thermodynamic potential; useful for calculating reversible work in certain systems.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.G02629

MolePerCubicMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit volume per SI unit of time. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Moles per cubic metre per second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M3-SEC
ucumCode: mol.m-3.s-1
unitSymbol: mol/(m³⋅s)
elucidation: SI unit of quantity of matter per SI unit volume per SI unit of time. -- QUDT

OganessonSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the oganesson atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Og
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the oganesson atom.

StoichiometricNumberOfSubstance
type: Class
comment: For substance B, an integer number or a simple fraction, being negative for a reactant and positive for a product, occurring in the expression for a chemical reaction.
example: The factors 1/2 and 3/2 in the chemical reaction formula below are stoicheiometric mumbers of substance. (1/2)N2 + (3/2)H2 = NH3
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/StoichiometricNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95443720
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 9-29
elucidation: For substance B, an integer number or a simple fraction, being negative for a reactant and positive for a product, occurring in the expression for a chemical reaction.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06025

MassSquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassSquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassSquareTime'.

PalladiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for palladium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 106.42
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 46
elucidation: Atom subclass for palladium.

QuarticMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 4 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-12
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Quartic Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MilliM4
ucumCode: mm4
unitSymbol: mm⁴
elucidation: 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 4 -- QUDT

ElectricConductanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+3 L-2 M-1 I+2 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricConductance'.

RutherfordiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for rutherfordium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 104
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 267.122
elucidation: Atom subclass for rutherfordium.

Command
type: Class
comment: A command must be interpretable by the computer system.
comment: An instruction to a computer system to perform a given task.
example: From a bash shell would e.g. `ls` be a command. Another example of a shell command would be `/path/to/executable arg1 arg2`.
comment: Commands are typically performed from a shell or a shell script, but not limited to them.

Meson
type: Class
comment: Most mesons are composed of one quark and one antiquark.
comment: Hadronic subatomic particles composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks bound together by strong interactions.
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: Hadronic subatomic particles composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks bound together by strong interactions.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meson

MolybdenumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for molybdenum.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 95.95
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 42
elucidation: Atom subclass for molybdenum.

Fraction
type: Class
comment: Fraction is a unit for 'Dimensionless Ratio' expressed as the value of the ratio itself. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FRACTION
unitSymbol: ÷
elucidation: Fraction is a unit for 'Dimensionless Ratio' expressed as the value of the ratio itself. -- QUDT

JosephsonConstant
type: Class
comment: The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Magnetic_flux_quantum) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity.
comment: Inverse of the magnetic flux quantum.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/constant/JosephsonConstant
elucidation: Inverse of the magnetic flux quantum.

CanonicalPartitionFunction
type: Class
comment: Sum over quantum states of energy in a system in equilibrium.
comment: In physics, a partition function describes the statistical properties of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium. Partition functions are functions of the thermodynamic state variables, such as the temperature and volume. Most of the aggregate thermodynamic variables of the system, such as the total energy, free energy, entropy, and pressure, can be expressed in terms of the partition function or its derivatives. The partition function is dimensionless.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CanonicalPartitionFunction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96142389
ISO80000Reference: 9-35.2
elucidation: Sum over quantum states of energy in a system in equilibrium.

MathematicalOperator
type: Class
comment: A mapping that acts on elements of one space and produces elements of another space.
example: The algebraic operator '+' that acts on two real numbers and produces one real number.
example: The differential operator that acts on a C1 real function and produces another real function.
elucidation: A mapping that acts on elements of one space and produces elements of another space.

CoulombPerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m²) is a unit in the category of Electric charge surface density. It is also known as coulombs per square meter, coulomb per square metre, coulombs per square metre, coulomb/square meter, coulomb/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m2) has a dimension of L⁻²TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Coulomb per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-M2
ucumCode: C/m2
ucumCode: C.m-2
unitSymbol: C/m²
elucidation: Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m²) is a unit in the category of Electric charge surface density. It is also known as coulombs per square meter, coulomb per square metre, coulombs per square metre, coulomb/square meter, coulomb/square metre. This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. Coulomb Per Square Meter (C/m2) has a dimension of L⁻²TI where L is length, T is time, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

HalfLife
type: Class
comment: Mean duration required for the decay of one half of the atoms or nuclei.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Half-Life
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98118544
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-31
elucidation: Mean duration required for the decay of one half of the atoms or nuclei.

Fluid
type: Class
comment: A continuum that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure.
example: Gas, liquid, plasma,
elucidation: A continuum that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure.

HalfValueThickness
type: Class
comment: Thickness of the attenuating layer that reduces the quantity of interest of a unidirectional beam of infinitesimal width to half of its initial value.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Half-ValueThickness
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127526
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-53
elucidation: Thickness of the attenuating layer that reduces the quantity of interest of a unidirectional beam of infinitesimal width to half of its initial value.

MassPerLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLength'.

hasModelledProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined modelling procedure.
elucidation: Assigns a quantity to an object via a well-defined modelling procedure.

ElectricChargeAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L+2 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargeArea'.

Molecule
type: Class
comment: An atom_based state defined by an exact number of e-bonded atomic species and an electron cloud made of the shared electrons.
comment: An entity is called essential if removing one direct part will lead to a change in entity class. An entity is called redundand if removing one direct part will not lead to a change in entity class.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ChemicalSubstance
example: H₂0, C₆H₁₂O₆, CH₄
elucidation: An atom_based state defined by an exact number of e-bonded atomic species and an electron cloud made of the shared electrons.
comment: This definition states that this object is a non-periodic set of atoms or a set with a finite periodicity. Removing an atom from the state will result in another type of atom_based state. e.g. you cannot remove H from H₂0 without changing the molecule type (essential). However, you can remove a C from a nanotube (redundant). C60 fullerene is a molecule, since it has a finite periodicity and is made of a well defined number of atoms (essential). A C nanotube is not a molecule, since it has an infinite periodicity (redundant).

IridiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for iridium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 77
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 192.217
elucidation: Atom subclass for iridium.

FormingJoin
type: Class

ISO9000Reference
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: isDefinedBy

Gas
type: Class
comment: Gas is a compressible fluid, a state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume.
elucidation: Gas is a compressible fluid, a state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8593-0:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: The permanent joining or other bringing together of two or more workpieces of a geometric shape or of similar workpieces with shapeless material. In each case, the cohesion is created locally and increased as a whole.

CubicDeciMetrePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: volume ratio consisting of the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
alternative label: Cubic Decimetre Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-M3
ucumCode: dm3.m-3
ucumCode: dm3/m3
unitSymbol: dm³/m³
elucidation: volume ratio consisting of the 0.001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

AmorphousMaterial
type: Class
alternative label: NonCrystallineMaterial

NumericalVariable
type: Class
comment: A variable standing for a numerical defined mathematical object like e.g. a number, a vector of numbers, a matrix of numbers.
elucidation: A variable standing for a numerical defined mathematical object like e.g. a number, a vector of numbers, a matrix of numbers.

SquareKelvin
type: Class
comment: Square Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/K2
ucumCode: K2
unitSymbol: K²
elucidation: Square Kelvin.

SquareMetreSecondPerRadian
type: Class
comment: Square metre seconds per radian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-SEC-PER-RAD
ucumCode: m2.s.rad-1
unitSymbol: m²⋅s/rad
elucidation: Square metre seconds per radian.

MagneticReluctance
type: Class
comment: Magnetic tension divided by magnetic flux.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Reluctance
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Reluctance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863390
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-39
elucidation: Magnetic tension divided by magnetic flux.

NeonSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the neon atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ne
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the neon atom.

MassExcess
type: Class
comment: Difference between the mass of an atom, and the product of its mass number and the unified mass constant.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassExcess
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571163
ISO80000Reference: 10-21.1
elucidation: Difference between the mass of an atom, and the product of its mass number and the unified mass constant.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03719

PerLengthQuarticUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with physical dimensionality per length to the power of four.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with physical dimensionality per length to the power of four.

CubicDeciMetrePerMinute
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time minute -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-05
alternative label: Cubic Decimetre Per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-MIN
ucumCode: dm3.min-3
ucumCode: dm3/min3
unitSymbol: dm³/min
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time minute -- QUDT

SquareDegree
type: Class
comment: A square degree is a non-SI unit measure of solid angle. It is denoted in various ways, including deg, sq. deg. and °². Just as degrees are used to measure parts of a circle, square degrees are used to measure parts of a sphere. Analogous to one degree being equal to π /180 radians, a square degree is equal to (π /180) or about 1/3283 steradian. The number of square degrees in a whole sphere is or approximately 41 253 deg. This is the total area of the 88 constellations in the list of constellations by area. For example, observed from the surface of the Earth, the Moon has a diameter of approximately 0.5°, so it covers a solid angle of approximately 0.196 deg, which is 4.8 × 10 of the total sky sphere. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.046174e-04
alternative label: Square degree
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DEG2
ucumCode: deg2
unitSymbol: °²
elucidation: A square degree is a non-SI unit measure of solid angle. It is denoted in various ways, including deg, sq. deg. and °². Just as degrees are used to measure parts of a circle, square degrees are used to measure parts of a sphere. Analogous to one degree being equal to π /180 radians, a square degree is equal to (π /180) or about 1/3283 steradian. The number of square degrees in a whole sphere is or approximately 41 253 deg. This is the total area of the 88 constellations in the list of constellations by area. For example, observed from the surface of the Earth, the Moon has a diameter of approximately 0.5°, so it covers a solid angle of approximately 0.196 deg, which is 4.8 × 10 of the total sky sphere. -- QUDT

Dismantling
type: Class
comment: action to disassemble a product or a component by removing all or some of its constituent parts with the intent to salvage
alternative label: Demontage

ReciprocalElectricChargeDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalElectricChargeDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+3 M0 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ReciprocalElectricChargeDensity'.

PerTeslaMetre
type: Class
comment: Per Tesla Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m .· T. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalTeslaMetre.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-T-M
ucumCode: T-1.m-1
unitSymbol: /t⋅m
elucidation: Per Tesla Meter Unit is a denominator unit with dimensions /m .· T. -- QUDT

smileReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: OpenSMILE representation of a molecular structure.
comment: OpenSMILES is an open specification of the SMILE language for specifying molecular structures, which has become a defacto standard for exchange of molecular structures.
sub property of: seeAlso
elucidation: OpenSMILE representation of a molecular structure.

MicrocanonicalPartitionFunction
type: Class
comment: Number of all quantum states consistent with given energy, volume, and external fields.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MicroCanonicalPartitionFunction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96106546
ISO80000Reference: 9-35.1
elucidation: Number of all quantum states consistent with given energy, volume, and external fields.

MegaVolt
type: Class
comment: 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit volt -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MegaV
ucumCode: MV
unitSymbol: mV
elucidation: 1,000,000-fold of the derived unit volt -- QUDT

ChemicalSymbolicConstruct
type: Class
equivalent class: Class

PoloniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the polonium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Po
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the polonium atom.

RadianPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Radian per metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-M
ucumCode: rad.m-1
unitSymbol: rad/m
elucidation: Radian per metre.

Folding
type: Class

hasURIValue
type: DatatypeProperty
range: anyURI

Zetta
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e21.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-21
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Z
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e21.

GaugePressure
type: Class
comment: Gauge pressure can be measured using a diaphragm sensor, where one side of the diaphragm is exposed to the pressure media that is to be measured, while the other side is exposed to the ambient atmospheric pressure.
comment: The pressure measured relative to the ambient atmospheric pressure.
subclass of: Restriction
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109594211
ISO80000Reference: 4-14.2
elucidation: The pressure measured relative to the ambient atmospheric pressure.

Rolling
type: Class
comment: Continuous or stepwise pressure forming with one or more rotating tools (rollers), without or with additional tools, e.g. plugs or mandrels, rods, guide tools
alternative label: Walzen

NaturalMaterial
type: Class
comment: A Material occurring in nature, without the need of human intervention.
elucidation: A Material occurring in nature, without the need of human intervention.

RationalData
type: Class
comment: A symbolic data representing a rational number, that is a number that can be expressed exact by `p/q` where `p` and `q` are integer numbers.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: rational
elucidation: A symbolic data representing a rational number, that is a number that can be expressed exact by `p/q` where `p` and `q` are integer numbers.

ElectronRadius
type: Class
comment: Radius of a sphere such that the relativistic electron energy is distributed uniformly.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2152581
ISO80000Reference: 10-19.2
elucidation: Radius of a sphere such that the relativistic electron energy is distributed uniformly.

ParticleSourceDensity
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the mean rate of production of particles in a volume, and that volume.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ParticleSourceDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98915762
ISO80000Reference: 10-66
elucidation: Quotient of the mean rate of production of particles in a volume, and that volume.

CubicDeciMetrePerSecond
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Decimetre Per Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-SEC
ucumCode: dm3/s
ucumCode: dm3.s-1
unitSymbol: dm³/s
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time second -- QUDT

AngularWavenumber
type: Class
comment: Magnitude of the wave vector.
alternative label: AngularRepetency
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/AngularWavenumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30338487
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-22
elucidation: Magnitude of the wave vector.

GadoliniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for gadolinium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 157.25
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 64
elucidation: Atom subclass for gadolinium.

UraniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for uranium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 238.02891
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 92
elucidation: Atom subclass for uranium.

Henry
type: Class
comment: H = Wb/A = V·s/A = Ω·s
comment: SI unit for electrical inductance.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: H
uneceCommonCode: 81
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/H
ucumCode: H
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Henry
elucidation: SI unit for electrical inductance.
comment: The SI unit of electric inductance. A changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a loop of wire (or in a coil of many loops) located in the field. Although the induced voltage depends only on the rate at which the magnetic flux changes, measured in webers per second, the amount of the current depends also on the physical properties of the coil. A coil with an inductance of one henry requires a flux of one weber for each ampere of induced current. If, on the other hand, it is the current which changes, then the induced field will generate a potential difference within the coil: if the inductance is one henry a current change of one ampere per second generates a potential difference of one volt. The henry is a large unit; inductances in practical circuits are measured in millihenrys (mH) or microhenrys (μH). The unit is named for the American physicist Joseph Henry (1797-1878), one of several scientists who discovered independently how magnetic fields can be used to generate alternating currents. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02782

RadianPerMinute
type: Class
comment: Radian Per Minute (rad/min) is a unit in the category of Angular velocity. It is also known as radians per minute, radian/minute. Radian Per Minute (rad/min) has a dimension of aT-1 where T is time. It can be converted to the corresponding standard SI unit rad/s by multiplying its value by a factor of 0.0166666666667. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 6e+01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Radian per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-MIN
ucumCode: rad.min-1
ucumCode: rad/min
unitSymbol: rad/min
elucidation: Radian Per Minute (rad/min) is a unit in the category of Angular velocity. It is also known as radians per minute, radian/minute. Radian Per Minute (rad/min) has a dimension of aT-1 where T is time. It can be converted to the corresponding standard SI unit rad/s by multiplying its value by a factor of 0.0166666666667. -- QUDT

SpecificActivity
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the mass m of that sample.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MassicActivity
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificActivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823748
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-28
elucidation: Quotient of the activity A of a sample and the mass m of that sample.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05790

Degenerency
type: Class
comment: For a quantum level, the statistical weight of that level.
alternative label: Multiplicity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902301
ISO80000Reference: 9-36.2
elucidation: For a quantum level, the statistical weight of that level.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01556

RelativeMassExcess
type: Class
comment: Quotient of mass excess and the unified atomic mass constant.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RelativeMassExcess
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98038610
ISO80000Reference: 10-22.1
elucidation: Quotient of mass excess and the unified atomic mass constant.

IonNumberDensity
type: Class
comment: Number of ions per volume.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: IonDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98831218
ISO80000Reference: 10-62.2
elucidation: Number of ions per volume.

hasPortion
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between a object whole and its spatial part of the same type.
example: A volume of 1 cc of milk within a 1 litre can be considered still milk as a whole. If you scale down to a cluster of molecules, than the milk cannot be considered a fluid no more (and then no more a milk).
elucidation: The relation between a object whole and its spatial part of the same type.

ProcedureUnit
type: Class
comment: Procedure units and measurement units are disjoint.
comment: A reference unit provided by a measurement procedure.
alternative label: MeasurementProcedure
example: Rockwell C hardness of a given sample (150 kg load): 43.5HRC(150 kg)
elucidation: A reference unit provided by a measurement procedure.

Drilling
type: Class
comment: machining with a circular cutting movement in which the axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of the internal surface to be produced are identical and the feed movement is in the direction of this axis. The axis of rotation of the cutting movement maintains its position relative to the workpiece independently of the feed movement (axis of rotation workpiece-bound).
alternative label: Bohren

FromWorkPIecetoWorkPiece
type: Class

InspectionDevice
type: Class

Axiom
annotated target: measurand
comment: VIM defines measurand as a quantity intended to be measured. This is redundant in EMMO and correspond to Quantity.

NonSIUnit
type: Class
comment: Measurement units that are not SI units.
elucidation: Measurement units that are not SI units.

RadianPerSecond
type: Class
comment: "Radian per Second" is the SI unit of rotational speed (angular velocity), and, also the unit of angular frequency. The radian per second is defined as the change in the orientation of an object, in radians, every second. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: radian per second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-SEC
ucumCode: rad.s-1
ucumCode: rad/s
unitSymbol: rad/s
elucidation: "Radian per Second" is the SI unit of rotational speed (angular velocity), and, also the unit of angular frequency. The radian per second is defined as the change in the orientation of an object, in radians, every second. -- QUDT

Spacing
type: Class
comment: Symbol representing a spacing.
elucidation: Symbol representing a spacing.

PotentialEnergy
type: Class
comment: The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position or orientation in a potential field.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PotentialEnergy
ISO80000Reference: 4-28.1
elucidation: The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position or orientation in a potential field.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04778

SourceVoltage
type: Class
comment: Voltage between the two terminals of a voltage source when there is no electric current through the source.
alternative label: SourceTension
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SourceVoltage
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185329
ISO80000Reference: 6-36
elucidation: Voltage between the two terminals of a voltage source when there is no electric current through the source.

LitrePerKelvin
type: Class
comment: unit litre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Litre Per Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/L-PER-K
ucumCode: L.K-1
ucumCode: L/K
unitSymbol: L/K
elucidation: unit litre divided by the SI base unit kelvin -- QUDT

MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Moles per square metre and second and metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC-M
ucumCode: mol.m-2.s-1.m-1
unitSymbol: mol/(m²⋅s⋅m)
elucidation: Moles per square metre and second and metre.

AreaTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaTime'.

SIMetricSubMultipleUnit
type: Class
comment: Measurement unit obtained by dividing a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one.
elucidation: Measurement unit obtained by dividing a given measurement unit by an integer SI prefix greater than one.

CoulombPerCubicCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Coulomb Per Cubic Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-CentiM3
ucumCode: C.cm-3
ucumCode: C/cm3
unitSymbol: C/cm³
elucidation: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 3 -- QUDT

Capacitance
type: Class
comment: The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the electric potential.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ElectricCapacitance
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Capacitance
ISO80000Reference: 6-13
elucidation: The derivative of the electric charge of a system with respect to the electric potential.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00791

TwoManifold
type: Class
comment: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 2-dimensional Euclidean space.
alternative label: 2-manifold
elucidation: A topological space with the property that each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open subset of 2-dimensional Euclidean space.

Step
type: Class
comment: A task that is a well formed tile of a workflow, according to a reductionistic description.
comment: A step is part of a specific granularity level for the workflow description, as composition of tasks.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A task that is a well formed tile of a workflow, according to a reductionistic description.

NewtonPerMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Per Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-MilliM
ucumCode: N.mm-1
unitSymbol: N/mm
elucidation: SI derived unit newton divided by the 0.001-fold of the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

ChromiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the chromium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cr
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the chromium atom.

Height
type: Class
comment: Minimum length of a straight line segment between a point and a reference line or reference surface.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Height
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208826
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Height
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.3
elucidation: Minimum length of a straight line segment between a point and a reference line or reference surface.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height

PerPascal
type: Class
comment: Per Pascal.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalPascal
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-PA
ucumCode: Pa-1
unitSymbol: /Pa
elucidation: Per Pascal.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal

Francesca Lønstad Bleken
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://www.sintef.no/en

IridiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the iridium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ir
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the iridium atom.

CubicElectricChargeLengthPerSquareEnergyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'CubicElectricChargeLengthPerSquareEnergy'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+7 L-3 M-2 I+3 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'CubicElectricChargeLengthPerSquareEnergy'.

Farad
type: Class
comment: Measurement unit for electric capacitance.
comment: The SI unit of electric capacitance. Very early in the study of electricity scientists discovered that a pair of conductors separated by an insulator can store a much larger charge than an isolated conductor can store. The better the insulator, the larger the charge that the conductors can hold. This property of a circuit is called capacitance, and it is measured in farads. One farad is defined as the ability to store one coulomb of charge per volt of potential difference between the two conductors. This is a natural definition, but the unit it defines is very large. In practical circuits, capacitance is often measured in microfarads, nanofarads, or sometimes even in picofarads (10⁻¹² farad, or trillionths of a farad). The unit is named for the British physicist Michael Faraday (1791-1867), who was known for his work in electricity and electrochemistry. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: F
uneceCommonCode: FAR
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/FARAD
ucumCode: F
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Farad
elucidation: The SI unit of electric capacitance. Very early in the study of electricity scientists discovered that a pair of conductors separated by an insulator can store a much larger charge than an isolated conductor can store. The better the insulator, the larger the charge that the conductors can hold. This property of a circuit is called capacitance, and it is measured in farads. One farad is defined as the ability to store one coulomb of charge per volt of potential difference between the two conductors. This is a natural definition, but the unit it defines is very large. In practical circuits, capacitance is often measured in microfarads, nanofarads, or sometimes even in picofarads (10⁻¹² farad, or trillionths of a farad). The unit is named for the British physicist Michael Faraday (1791-1867), who was known for his work in electricity and electrochemistry. -- QUDT
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farad
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02320

LogarithmicDecrement
type: Class
comment: Product of damping coefficient and period duration.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399446
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-25
elucidation: Product of damping coefficient and period duration.

NewtonSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: Newton square metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M2
unitSymbol: N⋅m²
elucidation: Newton square metre.

MicroFaradPerMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Microfarad Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroFARAD-PER-M
ucumCode: uF.m-1
unitSymbol: μF/m
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit farad divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

AtomicMass
type: Class
comment: The mass of an atom in the ground state.
comment: The atomic mass is often expressed as an average of the commonly found isotopes.
comment: Since the nucleus account for nearly all of the total mass of atoms (with the electrons and nuclear binding energy making minor contributions), the atomic mass measured in Da has nearly the same value as the mass number.
subclass of: Restriction
definition: The mass of an atom in the ground state.
ISO80000Reference: 10-4.1
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_mass
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00496

StructuralFormula
type: Class
comment: A graphical representation of a molecular structure showing the relative position in space of the atomic constituents and their bonds.
elucidation: A graphical representation of a molecular structure showing the relative position in space of the atomic constituents and their bonds.

EntropyPerAmountUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerAmount'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M+1 I0 Θ-1 N-1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerAmount'.

Axiom
annotated property: altLabel
annotated target: Elementary
etymology: From Latin elementārius (“elementary”), from elementum (“one of the four elements of antiquity; fundamentals”).

RestMass
type: Class
comment: For particle X, mass of that particle at rest in an inertial frame.
alternative label: ProperMass
alternative label: InvariantMass
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/RestMass
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96941619
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Mass_in_special_relativity
ISO80000Reference: 10-2
elucidation: For particle X, mass of that particle at rest in an inertial frame.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant_mass

hasSign
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A relation that connects the semiotic object to the sign in a semiotic process.
elucidation: A relation that connects the semiotic object to the sign in a semiotic process.

RelativeMassFractionOfVapour
type: Class
comment: Quotient of mass concentration of water vapour and mass concentration at its saturation ψ = r/rsat where r is mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas and rsat is the mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas at saturation of the same temperature.
ISO80000Reference: 5-35
elucidation: Quotient of mass concentration of water vapour and mass concentration at its saturation ψ = r/rsat where r is mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas and rsat is the mass ratio of water vapour to dry gas at saturation of the same temperature.

FormingBlasting
type: Class
comment: Shot peening is shot peening for shaping or straightening workpieces by introducing residual compressive stresses (from: DIN 8200/10.82).
alternative label: Umformstrahlen

ThalliumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for thallium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 204.38
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 81
elucidation: Atom subclass for thallium.

AreaSquareTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaSquareTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaSquareTime'.

ElectricChargePerLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+1 L-1 M0 I+1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricChargePerLength'.

PerMetreNanoMetre
type: Class
comment: Per metre and nanometre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+09
alternative label: ReciprocalMetreNanoMetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-M-NanoM
ucumCode: m-1.nm-1
unitSymbol: /(m⋅nm)
elucidation: Per metre and nanometre.

CaliforniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for californium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 251.07959
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 98
elucidation: Atom subclass for californium.

Lumen
type: Class
comment: SI unit for luminous flux.
comment: The SI unit for measuring the flux of light being produced by a light source or received by a surface. The intensity of a light source is measured in candelas. One lumen represents the total flux of light emitted, equal to the intensity in candelas multiplied by the solid angle in steradians into which the light is emitted. A full sphere has a solid angle of 4·π steradians. A light source that uniformly radiates one candela in all directions has a total luminous flux of 1 cd·4π sr = 4π cd·sr ≈ 12.57 lumens. "Lumen" is a Latin word for light. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: lm
uneceCommonCode: LUM
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/LM
ucumCode: lm
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lumen
elucidation: SI unit for luminous flux.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_(unit)
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03639

MolarVolume
type: Class
comment: Volume per amount of substance.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MolarVolume
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487112
ISO80000Reference: 9-5
elucidation: Volume per amount of substance.

WorkpieceForming
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing in which it is formed a solid body with its shape from shapeless original material parts, whose cohesion is created during the process.
alternative label: PrimitiveForming
alternative label: ArchetypeForming

MolePerSquareMetrePerSecondPerMetrePerSteradian
type: Class
comment: Moles per square metre per second per metre per steradian.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-M2-SEC-M-SR
ucumCode: mol.m-2.s-1.m-1.sr-1
unitSymbol: mol/(m²⋅s⋅m⋅sr)
elucidation: Moles per square metre per second per metre per steradian.

IonTransportNumber
type: Class
comment: Faction of electrical current carried by given ionic species.
alternative label: TransferrenceNumber
alternative label: CurrentFraction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/IonTransportNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331854
ISO80000Reference: 9-46
elucidation: Faction of electrical current carried by given ionic species.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06489
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03181

qualified cardinality: 2

Power
type: Class
comment: Rate of transfer of energy per unit time.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Power
ISO80000Reference: 6-45
ISO80000Reference: 4-27
elucidation: Rate of transfer of energy per unit time.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04792

wikidataReference
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: URL corresponding to entry in Wikidata.
sub property of: seeAlso
elucidation: URL corresponding to entry in Wikidata.

Matrix
type: Class
comment: 2-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are vectors.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: 2DArray
elucidation: 2-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are vectors.

CentreOfMass
type: Class
comment: The unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass of an Item sums to zero. Equivalently, it is the point where if a force is applied to the Item, causes the Item to move in direction of force without rotation.
comment: In non-relativistic physics, the centre of mass doesn’t depend on the chosen reference frame.
elucidation: The unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass of an Item sums to zero. Equivalently, it is the point where if a force is applied to the Item, causes the Item to move in direction of force without rotation.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass

ChlorineSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the chlorine atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cl
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the chlorine atom.

min qualified cardinality: 1

MomentOfIntertia
type: Class
comment: Scalar measure of the rotational inertia with respect to a fixed axis of rotation.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MomentOfInertia
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165618
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-7
elucidation: Scalar measure of the rotational inertia with respect to a fixed axis of rotation.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M04006

MolecularFormula
type: Class
comment: An expression that provides information about the element types that constiture a molecule or a molecular substance and their number.
subclass of: Restriction
example: Hydrogen peroxide is H2O2
elucidation: An expression that provides information about the element types that constiture a molecule or a molecular substance and their number.

TemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Temperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Temperature'.

Quetta
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e30.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+30
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Q
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e30.

ElectricCurrentAssistedSintering
type: Class

Axiom
see also: DIN 8584-2:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Draw forming by drawing a workpiece through a tool opening that is narrowed in the drawing direction.

hasConstitutiveProcess
type: ObjectProperty

Cylinder
type: Class
comment: A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and two "faces".
elucidation: A 2-manifold with one unconnected boundary and two "faces".

Geometrical
type: Class
comment: A 'graphical' aimed to represent a geometrical concept.
example: A geometrical object can be expressed in many different forms. For example, a line can be expressed by: a) an equation like y=mx+q, which is both an 'equation' and a 'geometrical' b) a line drawn with a pencil on a paper, which is simply a 'graphical' object c) a set of axioms, when the properties of a line are inferred by the interpreter reading them, that are both 'graphical' and also 'formula' The case a) is a geometrical and mathematical, b) is geometrical and pictorial, while c) is geometrical and a composition of idiomatic strings.
elucidation: A 'graphical' aimed to represent a geometrical concept.

Axiom
annotated target: A path is a string of characters used to uniquely identify a location in a directory structure according to a particular convention.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_(computing)#Universal_Naming_Convention

VoltPerMicroSecond
type: Class
comment: SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit second -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
alternative label: Volt Per Microsecond
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-MicroSEC
ucumCode: V.us-1
unitSymbol: V/µs
elucidation: SI derived unit volt divided by the 0.000001-fold of the SI base unit second -- QUDT

DoseEquivalent
type: Class
comment: A dose quantity used in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) system of radiological protection.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DoseEquivalent
ISO80000Reference: 10-83.1
elucidation: A dose quantity used in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) system of radiological protection.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02101

Java
type: Class

IronSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the iron atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Fe
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the iron atom.

Second
type: Class
comment: The second, symbol s, is the SI unit of time. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency ∆νCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: s
uneceCommonCode: SEC
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/SEC
ucumCode: s
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Second
definition: The second, symbol s, is the SI unit of time. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency ∆νCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05513

SuperconductionTransitionTemperature
type: Class
comment: Critical thermodynamic temperature of a superconductor.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SuperconductionTransitionTemperature
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106103037
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-35.3
elucidation: Critical thermodynamic temperature of a superconductor.

ThermodynamicTemperature
type: Class
comment: Thermodynamic temperature is the absolute measure of temperature. It is defined by the third law of thermodynamics in which the theoretically lowest temperature is the null or zero point.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Temperature
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ThermodynamicTemperature
ISO80000Reference: 5-1
elucidation: Thermodynamic temperature is the absolute measure of temperature. It is defined by the third law of thermodynamics in which the theoretically lowest temperature is the null or zero point.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06321

Agent
type: Class
comment: A participant that is the driver of the process.
comment: An agent is not necessarily human. An agent plays an active role within the process. An agent is a participant of a process that would not occur without it.
example: A catalyst. A bus driver. A substance that is initiating a reaction that would not occur without its presence.
elucidation: A participant that is the driver of the process.

ElectricResistivity
type: Class
comment: Electric field strength divided by the current density.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Resistivity
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Resistivity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108193
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-44
elucidation: Electric field strength divided by the current density.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05316

JoulePerQuarticMetre
type: Class
comment: `Joule Per Quartic Meter` (J/m⁴) is a unit for the spectral concentration of radiant energy density (in terms of wavelength), or the spectral radiant energy density (in terms of wave length). This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT
alternative label: Joule per Quartic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M4
ucumCode: J.m-4
unitSymbol: J/m⁴
elucidation: `Joule Per Quartic Meter` (J/m⁴) is a unit for the spectral concentration of radiant energy density (in terms of wavelength), or the spectral radiant energy density (in terms of wave length). This unit is commonly used in the SI unit system. -- QUDT

ElectricPotential
type: Class
comment: Energy required to move a unit charge through an electric field from a reference point.
comment: The electric potential is not unique, since any constant scalar field quantity can be added to it without changing its gradient.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ElectroStaticPotential
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricPotential
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Electric_potential
ISO80000Reference: 6-11.1
elucidation: Energy required to move a unit charge through an electric field from a reference point.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_potential
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01935

qualified cardinality: 1

DonorDensity
type: Class
comment: Number of donor levels per volume.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DonorDensity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105979886
ISO80000Reference: 12-29.4
elucidation: Number of donor levels per volume.

CoulombPerMole
type: Class
comment: (C/mol) is a unit in the category of Molar electric charge. It is also known as coulombs/mol. Coulomb Per Mol has a dimension of TN{-1}I where T is time, N is amount of substance, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Coulomb per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-MOL
ucumCode: C/mol
ucumCode: C.mol-1
unitSymbol: c/mol
elucidation: (C/mol) is a unit in the category of Molar electric charge. It is also known as coulombs/mol. Coulomb Per Mol has a dimension of TN{-1}I where T is time, N is amount of substance, and I is electric current. This unit is the standard SI unit in this category. -- QUDT

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Quantum
etymology: From Latin quantum (plural quanta) "as much as, so much as".

HolisticArrangement
type: Class
comment: A system which is mainly characterised by the spatial configuration of its elements.
elucidation: A system which is mainly characterised by the spatial configuration of its elements.

CyclotronAngularFrequency
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the product of the electric charge of a particle and the magnitude of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field, and the particle mass.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CyclotronAngularFrequency
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97708211
ISO80000Reference: 10-16
elucidation: Quotient of the product of the electric charge of a particle and the magnitude of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field, and the particle mass.

SINonCoherentUnit
type: Class
comment: A unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base units is NOT equal to one.
comment: A non-SI coherent can be expressed in terms of its corresponding SI coherent unit, as nonsi_coherent_unit = si_coherent_unit * multiplier + offset where `multiplier` and `offset` are specified via the 'hasConversionMultiplier' and 'hasConversionOffset' data properties, respectively.
elucidation: A unit whos numerical factor in front of the product of base units is NOT equal to one.

TotalMassStoppingPower
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the total linear stopping power S and the mass density ρ of the material.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MassStoppingPower
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalMassStoppingPower
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98642795
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-55
elucidation: Quotient of the total linear stopping power S and the mass density ρ of the material.

LengthTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+1 M0 I0 Θ+1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'LengthTemperature'.

Emulsion
type: Class
comment: An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (a liquid-liquid heterogeneous mixture).
example: Mayonnaise, milk.
elucidation: An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (a liquid-liquid heterogeneous mixture).

CobaltSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the cobalt atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Co
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the cobalt atom.

StyleSheetLanguage
type: Class
comment: A computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents.
example: CSS
elucidation: A computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style_sheet_language

semiotical
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The generic EMMO semiotical relation.
elucidation: The generic EMMO semiotical relation.

isProperPartOf
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The inverse relation for hasProperPart.
elucidation: The inverse relation for hasProperPart.

AreaDensity
type: Class
comment: Mass per unit area.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SurfaceDensity
elucidation: Mass per unit area.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06167

Axiom
see also: DIN 8589-3:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Machining with a circular cutting movement, usually associated with a multi-toothed tool, and with a feed movement perpendicular or oblique to the axis of rotation of the tool, to produce any workpiece surface.

DefiningEquation
type: Class
comment: An equation that define a new variable in terms of other mathematical entities.
example: The definition of velocity as v = dx/dt. The definition of density as mass/volume. y = f(x)
elucidation: An equation that define a new variable in terms of other mathematical entities.

Flanging
type: Class

MultiplicationFactor
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the total number of fission or fission-dependent neutrons produced in the duration of a time interval and the total number of neutrons lost by absorption and leakage in that duration.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MultiplicationFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99440471
ISO80000Reference: 10-78.1
elucidation: Quotient of the total number of fission or fission-dependent neutrons produced in the duration of a time interval and the total number of neutrons lost by absorption and leakage in that duration.

Length
type: Class
comment: Extend of a spatial dimension.
comment: Length is a non-negative additive quantity attributed to a one-dimensional object in space.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Length
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.1
elucidation: Extend of a spatial dimension.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03498

Substance
type: Class
comment: A composite physical object made of fermions (i.e. having mass and occupying space).
elucidation: A composite physical object made of fermions (i.e. having mass and occupying space).

ParallelWorkflow
type: Class
comment: A workflow whose tasks are spatial tiles.
elucidation: A workflow whose tasks are spatial tiles.

AbsorbedDoseRateUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDoseRate'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDoseRate'.

CoulombPerSquareCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Coulomb Per Square Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/C-PER-CentiM2
ucumCode: C.cm-2
ucumCode: C/cm2
unitSymbol: C/cm²
elucidation: derived SI unit coulomb divided by the 0.0001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT

comment: The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasInterpreter) o inverse (hasSign) =>hasReferent

Energy
type: Class
comment: A property of objects which can be transferred to other objects or converted into different forms.
comment: Energy is often defined as "ability of a system to perform work", but it might be misleading since is not necessarily available to do work.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Energy
ISO80000Reference: 5-20-1
elucidation: A property of objects which can be transferred to other objects or converted into different forms.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02101

hasStatus
type: ObjectProperty

PressureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Pressure'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Pressure'.

MetrePerHour
type: Class
comment: Metre per hour is a metric unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (Vector (geometry)). Its symbol is m/h or mu00b7h-1 (not to be confused with the imperial unit symbol mph. By definition, an object travelling at a speed of 1 m/h for an hour would move 1 metre. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Metre per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-HR
ucumCode: m/h
ucumCode: m.h-1
unitSymbol: m/h
elucidation: Metre per hour is a metric unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (Vector (geometry)). Its symbol is m/h or mu00b7h-1 (not to be confused with the imperial unit symbol mph. By definition, an object travelling at a speed of 1 m/h for an hour would move 1 metre. -- QUDT

ErbiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for erbium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 167.259
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 68
elucidation: Atom subclass for erbium.

MeasuredConstant
type: Class
comment: For a given unit system, measured constants are physical constants that are not used to define the unit system. Hence, these constants have to be measured and will therefore be associated with an uncertainty.
elucidation: For a given unit system, measured constants are physical constants that are not used to define the unit system. Hence, these constants have to be measured and will therefore be associated with an uncertainty.

CubicDeciMetrePerDay
type: Class
comment: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time day -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-08
alternative label: Cubic Decimetre Per Day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM3-PER-DAY
ucumCode: dm3/d
ucumCode: dm3.d-1
unitSymbol: dm³/day
elucidation: 0,001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the unit for time day -- QUDT

MetrePerMinute
type: Class
comment: Meter Per Minute (m/min) is a unit in the category of Velocity. It is also known as meter/minute, meters per minute, metre per minute, metres per minute. Meter Per Minute (m/min) has a dimension of LT-1 where L is length, and T is time. It can be converted to the corresponding standard SI unit m/s by multiplying its value by a factor of 0.016666666666 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.666667e-02
alternative label: Metre per Minute
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-MIN
ucumCode: m.min-1
ucumCode: m/min
unitSymbol: m/min
elucidation: Meter Per Minute (m/min) is a unit in the category of Velocity. It is also known as meter/minute, meters per minute, metre per minute, metres per minute. Meter Per Minute (m/min) has a dimension of LT-1 where L is length, and T is time. It can be converted to the corresponding standard SI unit m/s by multiplying its value by a factor of 0.016666666666 -- QUDT

AbsorbedDoseUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDose'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AbsorbedDose'.

FractionUnit
type: Class
comment: Unit for fractions of quantities of the same kind, to aid the understanding of the quantity being expressed.
comment: Quantities that are ratios of quantities of the same kind (for example length ratios and amount fractions) have the option of being expressed with units (m/m, mol/mol to aid the understanding of the quantity being expressed and also allow the use of SI prefixes, if this is desirable (μm/m, nmol/mol). -- SI Brochure
alternative label: RatioUnit
elucidation: Unit for fractions of quantities of the same kind, to aid the understanding of the quantity being expressed.

VaporDeposition
type: Class

PascalSecond
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of dynamic viscosity, equal to 10 poises or 1000 centipoises. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Pascal Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-SEC
ucumCode: Pa.s
unitSymbol: Pa⋅s
elucidation: The SI unit of dynamic viscosity, equal to 10 poises or 1000 centipoises. -- QUDT

MolePerKilogramPascal
type: Class
comment: Mole Per Kilogram Pascal (mol/kg-pa) is a unit of Molar Mass variation due to Pressure. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Mole per Kilogram Pascal
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-KiloGM-PA
ucumCode: mol.kg-1.Pa-1
unitSymbol: mol/(kg⋅Pa)
elucidation: Mole Per Kilogram Pascal (mol/kg-pa) is a unit of Molar Mass variation due to Pressure. -- QUDT

PascalPerKelvin
type: Class
comment: Pascal per Kelvin.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA-PER-K
ucumCode: Pa.K-1
unitSymbol: P/K
elucidation: Pascal per Kelvin.

NeutralAtom
type: Class
comment: A standalone atom that has no net charge.
elucidation: A standalone atom that has no net charge.

Inequality
type: Class
comment: A relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions.
example: f(x) > 0
elucidation: A relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions.

isIndirectCauseOf
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: An indirect cause is a relation between two entities that is mediated by a intermediate entity. In other words, there are no quantum parts of the causing entity that are direct cause of quantum parts of the caused entity.
comment: A causal relation between the effected and the causing entities with intermediaries.
conceptualisation: An indirect cause is a relation between two entities that is mediated by a intermediate entity. In other words, there are no quantum parts of the causing entity that are direct cause of quantum parts of the caused entity.
elucidation: A causal relation between the effected and the causing entities with intermediaries.

Axiom
see also: DIN EN 10210-3:2020-11
annotated target: Process consisting of two steps: - first, the steel is heated in a quenching treatment to a temperature above Ac3 and then rapidly cooled in a liquid to produce a process-specific grain structure; - subsequently, the steel is heated to a specific temperature during tempering to set the desired property and cooled in air.

SiemensSquareMetrePerMole
type: Class
comment: Siemens square metre per mole.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/S-M2-PER-MOL
ucumCode: S.m2.mol-1
unitSymbol: S⋅m²/mol
elucidation: Siemens square metre per mole.

BaseUnit
type: Class
comment: A set of units that correspond to the base quantities in a system of units.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A set of units that correspond to the base quantities in a system of units.
VIMTerm: base unit

Collapse
type: Class
comment: A collapse is a fundamental interaction between m colliding particles that results in a single outgoing particle (inverse decay) that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,1) with m>1.
conceptualisation: A collapse is a fundamental interaction between m colliding particles that results in a single outgoing particle (inverse decay) that is expressed as a complete bipartite directed graph K(m,1) with m>1.

SIUnit
type: Class
comment: The set of units provided by the SI referring to the ISQ.
comment: The names, symbols and prefixes of SI units are defined by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Conference_on_Weights_and_Measures
comment: The complete set of SI units includes both the coherent set and the multiples and sub-multiples formed by using the SI prefixes.
elucidation: The set of units provided by the SI referring to the ISQ.

ThermochemicalTreatment
type: Class

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Cogniser
etymology: From Latin cognitio (“knowledge, perception, a judicial examination, trial”), from cognitus, past participle of cognoscere (“to know”), from co- (“together”) + *gnoscere, older form of noscere (“to know”

NeptuniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for neptunium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 93
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 237.04817
elucidation: Atom subclass for neptunium.

EquilibriumConstant
type: Class
comment: for solutions, product for all substances B of concentration c_B of substance B in power of its stoichiometric number v_B: K_p = \sum_B{c_B^{v_B}}.
comment: The physical dimension can change based on the stoichiometric numbers of the substances involved.
alternative label: EquilibriumConstantConcentrationBasis
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EquilibriumConstant
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857809
elucidation: for solutions, product for all substances B of concentration c_B of substance B in power of its stoichiometric number v_B: K_p = \sum_B{c_B^{v_B}}.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_constant
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02177

ProductionEngineering
type: Class

ElementaryCharge
type: Class
comment: The DBpedia definition (http://dbpedia.org/page/Elementary_charge) is outdated as May 20, 2019. It is now an exact quantity.
comment: The magnitude of the electric charge carried by a single electron. It defines the base unit Ampere in the SI system.
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElementaryCharge
ISO80000Reference: 10-5.1
elucidation: The magnitude of the electric charge carried by a single electron. It defines the base unit Ampere in the SI system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E02032

hasPrefixSymbol
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Relates a SI prefixed unit to the prefix symbol.
range: string
deprecated: true
elucidation: Relates a SI prefixed unit to the prefix symbol.

MassStoppingPowerUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassStoppingPower'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassStoppingPower'.

SquareMetreHertz
type: Class
comment: Square metre Hertz.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ
ucumCode: m2.Hz
unitSymbol: m²⋅Hz
elucidation: Square metre Hertz.

PerVolumeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerVolume'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-3 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerVolume'.

SquareMetrePerHertz
type: Class
comment: Square metre per Hertz.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-HZ
ucumCode: m2.Hz-1
unitSymbol: m²/Hz
elucidation: Square metre per Hertz.

PerTemperatureUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperature'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerTemperature'.

hasMetricPrefix
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a prefixed unit to its metric prefix part.

ScandiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for scandium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 44.955908
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 21
elucidation: Atom subclass for scandium.

NewtonPerRadian
type: Class
comment: A one-newton force applied for one angle/torsional torque -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Newton per radian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-PER-RAD
unitSymbol: N/rad
elucidation: A one-newton force applied for one angle/torsional torque -- QUDT

Tesla
type: Class
comment: SI unit for magnetic flux density or induction.
comment: The SI unit of flux density (or field intensity) for magnetic fields (also called the magnetic induction). The intensity of a magnetic field can be measured by placing a current-carrying conductor in the field. The magnetic field exerts a force on the conductor, a force which depends on the amount of the current and on the length of the conductor. One tesla is defined as the field intensity generating one newton of force per ampere of current per meter of conductor. Equivalently, one tesla represents a magnetic flux density of one weber per square meter of area. A field of one tesla is quite strong: the strongest fields available in laboratories are about 20 teslas, and the Earth's magnetic flux density, at its surface, is about 50 microteslas. The tesla, defined in 1958, honors the Serbian-American electrical engineer Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), whose work in electromagnetic induction led to the first practical generators and motors using alternating current. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: T
uneceCommonCode: D33
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/T
ucumCode: T
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tesla
elucidation: SI unit for magnetic flux density or induction.
comment: T = V·s·m⁻² = N/(A·m) = Wb/m
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_(unit)
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06283

Device
type: Class
comment: An object which is instrumental for reaching a particular purpose through its characteristic functioning process, with particular reference to mechanical or electronic equipment.
alternative label: Machine
alternative label: Equipment
elucidation: An object which is instrumental for reaching a particular purpose through its characteristic functioning process, with particular reference to mechanical or electronic equipment.

causal
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other, and occurs before time and space relations. Embracing a strong reductionistic view, causality originates at quantum entities level.
comment: Causality in the EMMO is intended as physical causation and not counter-factual. Meaning that causality is an expression of actual physical interactions, and not of a counterfactual depence such as “I didn't water the flowers, hence, I'm the cause of their death”.
comment: The superclass of all causal EMMO relations.
conceptualisation: Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other, and occurs before time and space relations. Embracing a strong reductionistic view, causality originates at quantum entities level.
elucidation: The superclass of all causal EMMO relations.
comment: Each pair of entities is either in isCauseOf or isNotCauseOf relation. The two are mutually exclusive.

DataProcessingApplication
type: Class

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Software
etymology: From soft +‎ -ware, by contrast with hardware (“the computer itself”). Coined by Paul Niquette in 1953.

MeanFreePath
type: Class
comment: The mean free path may thus be specified either for all interactions, i.e. total mean free path, or for particular types of interaction such as scattering, capture, or ionization.
comment: in a given medium, average distance that particles of a specified type travel between successive interactions of a specified type.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanFreePath
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756307
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 9-38
elucidation: in a given medium, average distance that particles of a specified type travel between successive interactions of a specified type.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03778

SectionModulus
type: Class
comment: Geometrical characteristic of a shape of a body.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SectionModulus
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930808
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 4-22
elucidation: Geometrical characteristic of a shape of a body.

Area
type: Class
comment: Extent of a surface.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Area
ISO80000Reference: 3-3
elucidation: Extent of a surface.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00429

SquareMetreSteradian
type: Class
comment: "Square Meter Steradian" is a unit for 'Area Angle' expressed as m²-sr. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Square Metre Steradian
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-SR
ucumCode: m2.sr
unitSymbol: m²⋅sr
elucidation: "Square Meter Steradian" is a unit for 'Area Angle' expressed as m²-sr. -- QUDT

Exa
type: Class
comment: SI prefix who's value is 1e18.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+18
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: E
elucidation: SI prefix who's value is 1e18.

Shape3Vector
type: Class
comment: A real vector with 3 elements.
example: The quantity value of physical quantities if real space is a Shape3Vector.
elucidation: A real vector with 3 elements.

Foaming
type: Class

VoltPerSecond
type: Class
comment: 'Volt per Second' is a unit of magnetic flux equaling one weber. This is the flux passing through a conducting loop and reduced to zero at a uniform rate in one second inducing an electric potential of one volt in the loop. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Volt per second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-PER-SEC
ucumCode: V.s-1
unitSymbol: V/s
elucidation: 'Volt per Second' is a unit of magnetic flux equaling one weber. This is the flux passing through a conducting loop and reduced to zero at a uniform rate in one second inducing an electric potential of one volt in the loop. -- QUDT

EnergyDensityOfStatesUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyDensityOfStates'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T+2 L-5 M-1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyDensityOfStates'.

MicroPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "micro" (1e-6).
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "micro" (1e-6).

MolePerGramPerHour
type: Class
comment: SI unit of the quantity of matter per SI unit of mass per unit of time expressed in hour. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2.777778e-01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Moles per gram per hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MOL-PER-GM-HR
ucumCode: mol.g-1.h-1
unitSymbol: mol/(g⋅hr)
elucidation: SI unit of the quantity of matter per SI unit of mass per unit of time expressed in hour. -- QUDT

AccelerationUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Acceleration'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Acceleration'.

SquareMetrePerHectare
type: Class
comment: Square metres per hectare. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-04
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: square metres per hectare
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-PER-HA
ucumCode: m2.har-1
unitSymbol: m²/ha
elucidation: Square metres per hectare. -- QUDT

SpeedUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'Speed'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+1 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'Speed'.

RadianPerHour
type: Class
comment: "Radian per Hour" is a unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as rad/h. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Radian per Hour
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/RAD-PER-HR
ucumCode: rad/h
ucumCode: rad.h-1
unitSymbol: rad/h
elucidation: "Radian per Hour" is a unit for 'Angular Velocity' expressed as rad/h. -- QUDT

QuarticLengthUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLength'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L+4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLength'.

TelluriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for tellurium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 127.6
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 52
elucidation: Atom subclass for tellurium.

unitSymbol
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A unit symbol may be a symbolic construct (e.g. km) or a symbol (e.g. m).
comment: The standard symbol for a unit.
range: string
sub property of: comment
elucidation: The standard symbol for a unit.

SquarePressureTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressureTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L-2 M+2 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'SquarePressureTime'.

RhodiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for rhodium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 102.9055
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 45
elucidation: Atom subclass for rhodium.

DataProcessing
type: Class
comment: A computation that provides a data output following the elaboration of some input data, using a data processing application.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A computation that provides a data output following the elaboration of some input data, using a data processing application.

CaliforniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the californium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cf
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the californium atom.

EntropyPerMassUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerMass'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+2 M0 I0 Θ-1 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EntropyPerMass'.

ReactorTimeConstant
type: Class
comment: Duration required for the neutron fluence rate in a reactor to change by the factor e when the fluence rate is rising or falling exponentially.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ReactorTimeConstant
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99518950
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-79
elucidation: Duration required for the neutron fluence rate in a reactor to change by the factor e when the fluence rate is rising or falling exponentially.

DerivedUnit
type: Class
comment: Derived units are defined as products of powers of the base units corresponding to the relations defining the derived quantities in terms of the base quantities.
comment: A measurement unit for a derived quantity. -- VIM
elucidation: Derived units are defined as products of powers of the base units corresponding to the relations defining the derived quantities in terms of the base quantities.
VIMTerm: derived unit

PhaseCoefficient
type: Class
comment: The imaginary part of the propagation coefficient.
comment: Change of phase angle with the length along the path travelled by a plane wave.
alternative label: PhaseChangeCoefficient
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PhaseCoefficient
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32745742
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 3-26.2
elucidation: Change of phase angle with the length along the path travelled by a plane wave.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagation_constant#Phase_constant

hasResourceIdentifier
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relates a resource to its identifier.
elucidation: Relates a resource to its identifier.

Somatosensory
type: Class

MeanEnergyImparted
type: Class
comment: Expectation value of the energy imparted.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MeanEnergyImparted
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99526969
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-80.2
elucidation: Expectation value of the energy imparted.

Gradient
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: ∇

OxidationNumber
type: Class
comment: Charge number that an atom within a molecule would have if all the ligands were removed along with the electron pairs that were shared.
alternative label: OxidationState
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484152
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Oxidation_state
elucidation: Charge number that an atom within a molecule would have if all the ligands were removed along with the electron pairs that were shared.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidation_state
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.O04363

SemioticEntity
type: Class
comment: The class of individuals that stands for semiotic objects, i.e. objects that take part on a semiotic process.
comment: Semiotic subclasse are defined using Peirce's semiotic theory. "Namely, a sign is something, A, which brings something, B, its interpretant sign determined or created by it, into the same sort of correspondence with something, C, its object, as that in which itself stands to C." (Peirce 1902, NEM 4, 20–21). The triadic elements: - 'sign': the sign A (e.g. a name) - 'interpretant': the sign B as the effects of the sign A on the interpreter (e.g. the mental concept of what a name means) - 'object': the object C (e.g. the entity to which the sign A and B refer to) This class includes also the 'interpeter' i.e. the entity that connects the 'sign' to the 'object'
subclass of: Restriction
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: The class of individuals that stands for semiotic objects, i.e. objects that take part on a semiotic process.

CelsiusTemperature
type: Class
comment: An objective comparative measure of hot or cold. Temperature is a relative quantity that can be used to express temperature differences. Unlike ThermodynamicTemperature, it cannot express absolute temperatures.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CelciusTemperature
ISO80000Reference: 5-2
elucidation: An objective comparative measure of hot or cold. Temperature is a relative quantity that can be used to express temperature differences. Unlike ThermodynamicTemperature, it cannot express absolute temperatures.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06261

Index
type: Class
comment: A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' due to causal continguity.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: Signal
example: Smoke stands for a combustion process (a fire). My facial expression stands for my emotional status.
elucidation: A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' due to causal continguity.

Neutron
type: Class
comment: An uncharged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus.
elucidation: An uncharged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron

Axiom
see also: DIN 8586:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Forming of a solid body, whereby the plastic state is essentially brought about by a bending stress

GermaniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for germanium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 32
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 72.63
elucidation: Atom subclass for germanium.

ZincAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for zinc.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 65.38
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 30
elucidation: Atom subclass for zinc.

Base64Binary
type: Class
comment: Base-64 encoding of binary data.
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: base64Binary
elucidation: Base-64 encoding of binary data.

NucleonNumber
type: Class
comment: number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus
alternative label: MassNumber
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/NucleonNumber
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101395
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Mass_number
ISO80000Reference: 10-1.3
elucidation: number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_number
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03726

ThermoelectricVoltage
type: Class
comment: Voltage between substances a and b caused by the thermoelectric effect.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105761637
ISO80000Reference: 12-20
elucidation: Voltage between substances a and b caused by the thermoelectric effect.

PowerFactor
type: Class
comment: Under periodic conditions, ratio of the absolute value of the active power P to the apparent power S.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PowerFactor
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750454
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-58
elucidation: Under periodic conditions, ratio of the absolute value of the active power P to the apparent power S.

Program
type: Class
comment: A set of instructions that tell a computer what to do.
comment: A program is a sequence of instructions understandable by a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that indicates which operations the computer should perform on a set of data.
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: Executable
elucidation: A set of instructions that tell a computer what to do.

Letter
type: Class
comment: Symbol representing a letter in an alphabet.
elucidation: Symbol representing a letter in an alphabet.

Observer
type: Class
comment: A characteriser that declares a property for an object through the specific interaction required by the property definition.
elucidation: A characteriser that declares a property for an object through the specific interaction required by the property definition.

NumberOfEntities
type: Class
comment: Discrete quantity; number of entities of a given kind in a system.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614112
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 9-1
elucidation: Discrete quantity; number of entities of a given kind in a system.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04266

SemioticObject
type: Class
comment: The object, in Peirce semiotics, as participant to a semiotic process.
comment: Here is assumed that the concept of 'object' is always relative to a 'semiotic' process. An 'object' does not exists per se, but it's always part of an interpretation. The EMMO relies on strong reductionism, i.e. everything real is a formless collection of elementary particles: we give a meaning to real world entities only by giving them boundaries and defining them using 'sign'-s. In this way the 'sign'-ed entity becomes an 'object', and the 'object' is the basic entity needed in order to apply a logical formalism to the real world entities (i.e. we can speak of it through its sign, and use logics on it through its sign).
alternative label: Object
elucidation: The object, in Peirce semiotics, as participant to a semiotic process.

Widening
type: Class
comment: Widening is tensile forming to increase the circumference of a hollow body. A distinction is made between: Widening, bulging.
alternative label: Weiten

HectoPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "hecto" (100).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+02
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "hecto" (100).

Ablation
type: Class
comment: Manufacturing by separating particles of material from a solid body by non-mechanical means. Ablation refers both to the removal of layers of material and to the separation of workpiece parts. The production process of ablation is considered in its stationary instantaneous state, independently of the application of auxiliary processes necessary to initiate the process. Ablation is divided into three subgroups according to the order point of view (OGP) "process in the effective zone on the surface of the workpiece": - thermal ablation; - chemical ablation; - electrochemical ablation.
alternative label: Abtragen

NewtonMetrePerSquareMetre
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Newton Metre Per Square Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/N-M-PER-M2
ucumCode: N.m.m-2
unitSymbol: N⋅m/m²
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit newton and the SI base unit metre divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

FlameCutting
type: Class

contributesTo
type: ObjectProperty

BerkeliumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for berkelium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 97
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 247.07031
elucidation: Atom subclass for berkelium.

Axiom
see also: DIN 65099-3:1989-11
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Free forming is pressure forming with tools that do not or only partially contain the shape of the workpiece and move against each other (from: DIN 8583 Part 3/05.70).

GFactor
type: Class
comment: Relation between observed magnetic moment of a particle and the related unit of magnetic moment.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1951266
elucidation: Relation between observed magnetic moment of a particle and the related unit of magnetic moment.

DisplacementCurrent
type: Class
comment: Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the displacement current density JD through a given directed surface S.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/DisplacementCurrent
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853178
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-19.1
elucidation: Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the displacement current density JD through a given directed surface S.

Vapor
type: Class
comment: A liquid aerosol composed of water droplets in air or another gas.
elucidation: A liquid aerosol composed of water droplets in air or another gas.

PetaPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "peta" (1e15).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+15
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "peta" (1e15).

CubicMetrePerKilogramSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: Cubic metre per kilogram and square second.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M3-PER-KiloGM-SEC2
ucumCode: m3.(kg.s2)-1
ucumCode: m3.kg-1.s-2
ucumCode: m3/(kg.s2)
unitSymbol: m³/(kg⋅s²)
elucidation: Cubic metre per kilogram and square second.

SeaborgiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for seaborgium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 271.134
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 106
elucidation: Atom subclass for seaborgium.

CubicCentiMetrePerCubicMetre
type: Class
comment: volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Cubic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-M3
ucumCode: cm3.m-3
ucumCode: cm3/m3
unitSymbol: cm³/m³
elucidation: volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

QuarticMetre
type: Class
comment: A unit associated with area moments of inertia. -- QUDT
alternative label: Quartic Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M4
ucumCode: m4
unitSymbol: m⁴
elucidation: A unit associated with area moments of inertia. -- QUDT

NitrogenAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for nitrogen.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 7
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 14.007
elucidation: Atom subclass for nitrogen.

HardeningByForming
type: Class
alternative label: Verfestigen durch Umformen

Chemical
type: Class
comment: A language object that follows the syntactic rules used in the chemical field.
elucidation: A language object that follows the syntactic rules used in the chemical field.

VolumicCrossSection
type: Class
comment: In nuclear physics, product of the number density of atoms of a given type and the cross section.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: MacroscopicCrossSection
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MacroscopicCrossSection
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98280520
ISO80000Reference: 10-42.1
elucidation: In nuclear physics, product of the number density of atoms of a given type and the cross section.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03674

qualified cardinality: 1

Gustatory
type: Class

CSharp
type: Class
alternative label: C#

ElectricFlux
type: Class
comment: Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the electric flux density D through a given directed surface S.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricFlux
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501267
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-17
elucidation: Scalar quantity equal to the flux of the electric flux density D through a given directed surface S.

HertzPerTesla
type: Class
comment: "Hertz per Tesla" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Per Mass' expressed as Hz T⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Hertz per Tesla
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/HZ-PER-T
ucumCode: Hz.T-1
unitSymbol: Hz/T
elucidation: "Hertz per Tesla" is a unit for 'Electric Charge Per Mass' expressed as Hz T⁻¹. -- QUDT

FemtoPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "femto" (1e-15).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-15
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "femto" (1e-15).

CoefficientOfHeatTransfer
type: Class
comment: At a point on the surface separating two media with different thermodynamic temperatures, magnitude of the density of heat flow rate φ divided by the absolute value of temperature difference ΔT.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: ThermalTransmittance
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/CoefficientOfHeatTransfer
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634340
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-10.1
elucidation: At a point on the surface separating two media with different thermodynamic temperatures, magnitude of the density of heat flow rate φ divided by the absolute value of temperature difference ΔT.

PhysicalLaw
type: Class
comment: A law that provides a connection between a property of the object and other properties, capturing a fundamental physical phenomena.
elucidation: A law that provides a connection between a property of the object and other properties, capturing a fundamental physical phenomena.

DrawForming
type: Class
comment: Draw forming by drawing a workpiece through a tool opening that is narrowed in the drawing direction.

NonPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: A measurement unit symbol that do not have a metric prefix as a direct spatial part.
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: A measurement unit symbol that do not have a metric prefix as a direct spatial part.

Homonuclear
type: Class
comment: A molecule composed of only one element type.
alternative label: ElementalMolecule
example: Hydrogen molecule (H₂).
elucidation: A molecule composed of only one element type.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: Perceptual
etymology: From Latin percipiō, past participle perceptus (“take hold of, obtain, receive, observe”), from per (“by, through”) + capiō (“to take”).

TechnetiumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for technetium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 43
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 97.90721
elucidation: Atom subclass for technetium.

Liquid
type: Class
comment: A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure.
elucidation: A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure.

Observation
type: Class
comment: A characterisation of an object with an actual interaction.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A characterisation of an object with an actual interaction.

MassAmountOfSubstanceUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassAmountOfSubstance'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L0 M+1 I0 Θ0 N+1 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassAmountOfSubstance'.

TeraPrefixedUnit
type: Class
comment: Superclass for all units prefixed with "tera" (1e12).
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+12
elucidation: Superclass for all units prefixed with "tera" (1e12).

EffectiveMass
type: Class
comment: The mass that it seems to have when responding to forces, or the mass that it seems to have when interacting with other identical particles in a thermal distribution.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/EffectiveMass
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064434
ISO80000Reference: 12-30
elucidation: The mass that it seems to have when responding to forces, or the mass that it seems to have when interacting with other identical particles in a thermal distribution.

ApparentPower
type: Class
comment: RMS value voltage multiplied by rms value of electric current.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ApparentPower
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-57
elucidation: RMS value voltage multiplied by rms value of electric current.

ReciprocalLength
type: Class
comment: The inverse of length.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: InverseLength
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/InverseLength
elucidation: The inverse of length.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocal_length

MetrePerSquareSecond
type: Class
comment: The `meter per Square second` is the unit of acceleration in the International System of Units (SI). As a derived unit it is composed from the SI base units of length, the metre, and the standard unit of time, the second. Its symbol is written in several forms as m/s², or m s⁻². As acceleration, the unit is interpreted physically as change in velocity or speed per time interval, that is, `metre per second per second`. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Metre per Square Second
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M-PER-SEC2
ucumCode: m.s-2
ucumCode: m/s2
unitSymbol: m/s²
elucidation: The `meter per Square second` is the unit of acceleration in the International System of Units (SI). As a derived unit it is composed from the SI base units of length, the metre, and the standard unit of time, the second. Its symbol is written in several forms as m/s², or m s⁻². As acceleration, the unit is interpreted physically as change in velocity or speed per time interval, that is, `metre per second per second`. -- QUDT

ActiniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the actinium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Ac
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the actinium atom.

NCNameData
type: Class
equivalent class: Restriction
  some values from: NCName

CeriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for cerium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 58
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 140.116
elucidation: Atom subclass for cerium.

Riveting
type: Class

HeliumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for helium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 2
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 4.002602
elucidation: Atom subclass for helium.

WattPerMetre
type: Class
comment: Watts per metre.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W-PER-M
ucumCode: W.m-1
unitSymbol: W/m
elucidation: Watts per metre.

AmperePerSquareMilliMetre
type: Class
comment: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+06
alternative label: Ampere Per Square Millimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-MilliM2
ucumCode: A.mm-2
ucumCode: A/mm2
unitSymbol: A/mm²
elucidation: SI base unit ampere divided by the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre by exponent 2 -- QUDT

SeparateManufacturing
type: Class
comment: A manufacturing process in which the shape of a workpiece is changed by breaking the material cohesion at the processing point and thus the material cohesion is reduced overall.
see also: DIN 8580:2020
alternative label: Trennen @de
alternative label: CuttingManufacturing
elucidation: A manufacturing process in which the shape of a workpiece is changed by breaking the material cohesion at the processing point and thus the material cohesion is reduced overall.

DensityOfHeatFlowRate
type: Class
comment: Vector quantity with magnitude equal to the heat flow rate dΦ through a surface element divided by the area dA of the element, and direction eφ in the direction of propagation of heat.
comment: At a fixed point in a medium, the direction of propagation of heat is opposite to the temperature gradient. At a point on the surface separating two media with different temperatures, the direction of propagation of heat is normal to the surface, from higher to lower temperatures.
alternative label: AreicHeatFlowRate
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478382
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-8
elucidation: Vector quantity with magnitude equal to the heat flow rate dΦ through a surface element divided by the area dA of the element, and direction eφ in the direction of propagation of heat.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02755

hasProductOutput
type: ObjectProperty

Pascal
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of pressure. The pascal is the standard pressure unit in the MKS metric system, equal to one newton per square meter or one "kilogram per meter per second per second." The unit is named for Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), French philosopher and mathematician, who was the first person to use a barometer to measure differences in altitude. -- QUDT
comment: SI unit for pressure.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pa
uneceCommonCode: PAL
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PA
ucumCode: Pa
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pascal
elucidation: SI unit for pressure.
wikipediaReference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04442

AngularFrequencyUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularFrequency'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L0 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AngularFrequency'.

JoulePerCubicMetreKelvin
type: Class
comment: `Joule per Cubic Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Volumetric Heat Capacity' expressed as J/(m³ K). -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Joule per Cubic Metre Kelvin
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-M3-K
ucumCode: J.m-3.K-1
unitSymbol: J/(m³⋅K)
elucidation: `Joule per Cubic Meter Kelvin` is a unit for 'Volumetric Heat Capacity' expressed as J/(m³ K). -- QUDT

SpecificEnergyImparted
type: Class
comment: In nuclear physics, energy imparted per mass.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEnergyImparted
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99566195
ISO80000Reference: 10-81.2
elucidation: In nuclear physics, energy imparted per mass.

Metrological
type: Class
comment: Metrology is the science of measurement and its application and includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement, whatever the measurement uncertainty and field of application (VIM3 2.2)
comment: A language entity used in the metrology discipline.
elucidation: A language entity used in the metrology discipline.

MathematicalFunction
type: Class
comment: A function defined using functional notation.
comment: A mathematical relation that relates each element in the domain (X) to exactly one element in the range (Y).
alternative label: FunctionDefinition
example: y = f(x)
elucidation: A function defined using functional notation.

TotalLinearStoppingPower
type: Class
comment: For charged particles of a given type and energy E0 the differential quotient of E with respect to x, where E is the mean energy lost by the charged particles in traversing a distance x in the given material.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: LinearStoppingPower
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/TotalLinearStoppingPower
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908474
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-54
elucidation: For charged particles of a given type and energy E0 the differential quotient of E with respect to x, where E is the mean energy lost by the charged particles in traversing a distance x in the given material.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S06035

Axiom
annotated target: The term "Uniform Resource Name" (URN) has been used historically to refer to both URIs under the "urn" scheme [RFC2141], which are required to remain globally unique and persistent even when the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable, and to any other URI with the properties of a name.

ManganeseAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for manganese.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 54.938044
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 25
elucidation: Atom subclass for manganese.

AmericiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the americium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Am
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the americium atom.

Axiom
see also: DIN 8589-2:2003-09
annotated property: comment
annotated target: machining with a circular cutting movement in which the axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of the internal surface to be produced are identical and the feed movement is in the direction of this axis. The axis of rotation of the cutting movement maintains its position relative to the workpiece independently of the feed movement (axis of rotation workpiece-bound).

Velocity
type: Class
comment: The velocity depends on the choice of the reference frame. Proper transformation between frames must be used: Galilean for non-relativistic description, Lorentzian for relativistic description. -- IEC, note 2
comment: The velocity is related to a point described by its position vector. The point may localize a particle, or be attached to any other object such as a body or a wave. -- IEC, note 1
comment: Vector quantity giving the rate of change of a position vector. -- ISO 80000-3
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Velocity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11465
ISO80000Reference: 3‑10.1
ISO80000Reference: 3-8.1
elucidation: Vector quantity giving the rate of change of a position vector. -- ISO 80000-3

Procedure
type: Class
comment: The process in which an agent works with some entities according to some existing formalised operative rules.
comment: A procedure can be considered as an intentional process with a plan.
comment: The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks (Wiktionary).
alternative label: Elaboration
alternative label: Work
example: The process in which a control unit of a CPU (the agent) orchestrates some cached binary data according to a list of instructions (e.g. a program). The process in which a librarian order books alphabetically on a shelf. The execution of an algorithm.
conceptualisation: The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks (Wiktionary).
elucidation: The process in which an agent works with some entities according to some existing formalised operative rules.

PhysicsBasedModel
type: Class
comment: A mathematical entity based on a fundamental physics theory which defines the relations between physics quantities of an entity.
is defined by: CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA 17284 “Materials modelling – terminology, classification and metadata”
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A mathematical entity based on a fundamental physics theory which defines the relations between physics quantities of an entity.

RadiusOfCurvature
type: Class
comment: Radius of the osculating circle of a planar curve at a particular point of the curve.
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Radius_of_curvature
ISO80000Reference: 3-1.12
elucidation: Radius of the osculating circle of a planar curve at a particular point of the curve.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_of_curvature

EnergyAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L+4 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'EnergyArea'.

Weber
type: Class
comment: The SI unit of magnetic flux. "Flux" is the rate (per unit of time) at which something crosses a surface perpendicular to the flow. The weber is a large unit, equal to 10⁸ maxwells, and practical fluxes are usually fractions of one weber. The weber is the magnetic flux which, linking a circuit of one turn, would produce in it an electromotive force of 1 volt if it were reduced to zero at a uniform rate in 1 second. In SI base units, the dimensions of the weber are (kg·m²)/(s²·A). The weber is commonly expressed in terms of other derived units as the Tesla-square meter (T·m²), volt-seconds (V·s), or joules per ampere (J/A).
comment: SI unit for magnetic flux.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Wb
uneceCommonCode: WEB
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/WB
ucumCode: Wb
dbpediaReference: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Weber
elucidation: SI unit for magnetic flux.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weber_(unit)
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.W06666

RoentgeniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for roentgenium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 111
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 281.166
elucidation: Atom subclass for roentgenium.

MicroSiemens
type: Class
comment: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit siemens -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-06
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/MicroS
ucumCode: uS
unitSymbol: μS
elucidation: 0.000001-fold of the SI derived unit siemens -- QUDT

Permittivity
type: Class
comment: Measure for how the polarization of a material is affected by the application of an external electric field.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Permittivity
ISO80000Reference: 6-14.2
ISO80000Reference: 6-14.1
elucidation: Measure for how the polarization of a material is affected by the application of an external electric field.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04507

GFactorOfNucleusOrNuclearParticle
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the nuclear spin quantum number and the nuclear magneton.
alternative label: NuclearGFactor
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/GFactorOfNucleus
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97591250
ISO80000Reference: 10-14.2
elucidation: Quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the nuclear spin quantum number and the nuclear magneton.

MercuryAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for mercury.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 80
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 200.592
elucidation: Atom subclass for mercury.

Gerhard Goldbeck
type: NamedIndividual
workplace homepage: https://materialsmodelling.com

SquareMetreSquareHertz
type: Class
comment: Square metre and square Hertz.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/M2-HZ2
ucumCode: m2.Hz2
unitSymbol: m²⋅Hz²
elucidation: Square metre and square Hertz.

FluorineSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the fluorine atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: F
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the fluorine atom.

CubicCentiMetrePerCubicCentiMetre
type: Class
comment: volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Cubic Centimetre Per Cubic Centimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/CentiM3-PER-CentiM3
ucumCode: cm3/cm3
ucumCode: cm3.cm-3
unitSymbol: cm³/cm³
elucidation: volume ratio consisting of the 0.000 001-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 divided by the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 3 -- QUDT

AntimonySymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the antimony atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Sb
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the antimony atom.

Mobility
type: Class
comment: Quotient of average drift speed imparted to a charged particle in a medium by an electric field, and the electric field strength.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Mobility
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900648
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 10-61
elucidation: Quotient of average drift speed imparted to a charged particle in a medium by an electric field, and the electric field strength.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03955

MagneticFluxDensityUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFluxDensity'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-2 L0 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MagneticFluxDensity'.

ElectronAffinity
type: Class
comment: energy difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the lowest level of the conduction band in an insulator or semiconductor
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectronAffinity
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105846486
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-25
elucidation: energy difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the lowest level of the conduction band in an insulator or semiconductor

AmperePerMetre
type: Class
comment: is the SI unit of magnetic field strength. One ampere per meter is equal to π/250 oersteds (12.566 371 millioersteds) in CGS units. The ampere per meter is also the SI unit of "magnetization" in the sense of magnetic dipole moment per unit volume; in this context 1 A/m = 0.001 emu per cubic centimeter. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Ampere per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A-PER-M
ucumCode: A.m-1
ucumCode: A/m
unitSymbol: A/m
elucidation: is the SI unit of magnetic field strength. One ampere per meter is equal to π/250 oersteds (12.566 371 millioersteds) in CGS units. The ampere per meter is also the SI unit of "magnetization" in the sense of magnetic dipole moment per unit volume; in this context 1 A/m = 0.001 emu per cubic centimeter. -- QUDT

ConfigurationLanguage
type: Class
comment: A construction language used to write configuration files.
example: .ini files
example: Files in the standard .config directory on Unix systems.
elucidation: A construction language used to write configuration files.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_file#Configuration_languages

Axiom
see also: DIN EN 62047-1:2016-12
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Process for joining two (base) materials by means of an adhesive polymer material

NonEncodedContrast
type: Class
comment: A non encoded contrast (e.g. a temperature variation) can be represented by data that describes (e.g. the string "today it's warmer than yesterday") or quantifies (e.g. Monday 28 °C, Tuesday 30 °C) it through a semiotic process.
comment: Contrast that occurs naturally without an encoding agent producing it.
alternative label: EnvironmentalData
example: A cloud in the sky. The radiative spectrum of a star.
elucidation: Contrast that occurs naturally without an encoding agent producing it.
comment: This is a really broad class that gathers all physical phenomena in which a contrast occurs naturally, such as cloud patterns, tree rings, stains. It doesn't mean that such contrasts cannot be used to deduce something: in fact thaty can be seen as indexes (in semiotic sense) of a causally connected pehnomena. Simply, there is no agent behind that contrast with the intention to transmit data.

PerAreaUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerArea'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T0 L-2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'PerArea'.

ThoriumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for thorium.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 232.0377
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 90
elucidation: Atom subclass for thorium.

MassFractionOfDryMatter
type: Class
comment: Quantity wd = 1 − wH2O, where wH2O is mass fraction of water.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/MassFractionOfDryMatter
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76379189
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 5-32
elucidation: Quantity wd = 1 − wH2O, where wH2O is mass fraction of water.

Axiom
annotated property: seeAlso
annotated target: ISO 18435-1:2009 manufacturing process: set of processes in manufacturing involving a flow and/or transformation of material, information, energy, control, or any other element in a manufacturing area

ComptonWavelength
type: Class
comment: Quotient of the Planck constant and the product of the mass of the particle and the speed of light in vacuum.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/constant/ComptonWavelength
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145377
ISO80000Reference: 10-20
elucidation: Quotient of the Planck constant and the product of the mass of the particle and the speed of light in vacuum.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compton_wavelength

Macromolecule
type: Class

NihoniumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the nihonium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Nh
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the nihonium atom.

EffectiveDiffusionCoefficient
type: Class
comment: Diffusion coefficient through the pore space of a porous media.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258852
elucidation: Diffusion coefficient through the pore space of a porous media.

ChemicalSpecies
type: Class
comment: Following nominalistic approach a species is simply a name that can point to an element name, a chemical formula or a chemical compound. So everything addressed by these classes of names can be calleded a chemical species.
comment: Specific form of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure. Chemical species is the macroscopic equivalent of molecular entity and refers to sets or ensembles of molecular entities.
comment: N2 Methane CH4 Fe Sodium Chloride
equivalent class: Class
elucidation: Specific form of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure. Chemical species is the macroscopic equivalent of molecular entity and refers to sets or ensembles of molecular entities.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.CT06859

Intensive
type: Class
comment: Note that not all physical quantities can be categorised as being either intensive or extensive. For example the square root of the mass.
comment: A quantity whose magnitude is independent of the size of the system.
example: Temperature Density Pressure ChemicalPotential
elucidation: A quantity whose magnitude is independent of the size of the system.

ElectricImpedance
type: Class
comment: Measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied.
alternative label: Impedance
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Impedance
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-51.1
elucidation: Measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_impedance

MassPerLengthTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLengthTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L-1 M+1 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'MassPerLengthTime'.

ElectricSusceptibility
type: Class
comment: Electric polarization divided by electric constant and electric field strength.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/ElectricSusceptibility
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598305
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-16
elucidation: Electric polarization divided by electric constant and electric field strength.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_susceptibility

Data
type: Class
comment: EncodedData is the class where inventions that don't actually exist whould be placed. For example, the blueprint of a bridge is an encoded data. When the bridge will be built, than the blueprint will also be a semiotical entity. Another example is Superman, that exists only as a set of magazines, drawings, novels, movies, but not in the real world.
comment: A causal object whose properties variation are encoded by an agent and that can be decoded by another agent according to a specific rule.
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: EncodedContrast
alternative label: EncodedData
example: A Radio Morse Code transmission can be addressed by combination of perspectives. Physicalistic: the electromagnetic pulses can be defined as individual A (of type Field) and the strip of paper coming out a printer receiver can be defined as individual B (of type Matter). Data: both A and B are also DiscreteData class individuals. In particular they may belong to a MorseData class, subclass of DiscreteData. Perceptual: B is an individual belonging to the graphical entities expressing symbols. In particular is a formula under the MorseLanguage class, made of a combination of . and - symbols. Semiotics: A and B can be signs if they refers to something else (e.g. a report about a fact, names).
example: A signal through a cable. A sound wave. Words on a page. The pattern of excited states within a computer RAM.
elucidation: A causal object whose properties variation are encoded by an agent and that can be decoded by another agent according to a specific rule.
comment: We call "decoding" the act of recognise the variation according to a particular rule and generate another equivalent schema (e.g. in the agent's cognitive apparatus, as another form of data). We call "interpreting" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is covered by the semiotic perspective.
comment: Variations in data are generated by an agent (not necessarily human) and are intended to be decoded by the same or another agent using the same encoding rules. Data are always generated by an agent but not necessarily possess a semantic meaninig, either because it's lost or unknown or because simply they possess none (e.g. a random generation of symbols). A data object may be used as the physical basis for a sign, under Semiotics perspective.
wikipediaReference: https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data

Painting
type: Class

Array3D
type: Class
comment: 3-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are matrices.
subclass of: Restriction
alternative label: 3DArray
elucidation: 3-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are matrices.

ThroughTile
type: Class
comment: A tile that has next and is next of other tiles within the same tessellation.
elucidation: A tile that has next and is next of other tiles within the same tessellation.

Axiom
annotated property: prefLabel
annotated target: CausalParticle
etymology: From Latin particula (“small part, particle”), diminutive of pars (“part, piece”).

PerSquareJoule
type: Class
comment: Per Square Joule is a denominator unit with dimensions /eV². -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: ReciprocalSquareJoule
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-J2
ucumCode: J-2
unitSymbol: /J²
elucidation: Per Square Joule is a denominator unit with dimensions /eV². -- QUDT

SpecificEnergy
type: Class
comment: Energy per unit mass
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SpecificEnergy
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3023293
dbpediaReference: https://dbpedia.org/page/Specific_energy
ISO80000Reference: 5-21.1
elucidation: Energy per unit mass
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_energy

qualified cardinality: 1

Observed
type: Class
comment: A coded that has been observed by an interpreter.
example: The biography of a person met by the author.
elucidation: A coded that has been observed by an interpreter.

Participant
type: Class
comment: An object which is an holistic spatial part of a process.
example: A student during an examination.
elucidation: An object which is an holistic spatial part of a process.

JouleMetrePerMole
type: Class
comment: `Joule Meter per Mole` is a unit for 'Length Molar Energy' expressed as J · m · mol⁻¹. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Joule Metre per Mole
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-M-PER-MOL
ucumCode: J.m.mol-1
unitSymbol: J⋅m/mol
elucidation: `Joule Meter per Mole` is a unit for 'Length Molar Energy' expressed as J · m · mol⁻¹. -- QUDT

FranciumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the francium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Fr
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the francium atom.

ElectricPotentialUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotential'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-3 L+2 M+1 I-1 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'ElectricPotential'.

ReciprocalDay
type: Class
comment: reciprocal of the unit day -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-05
alternative label: Reciprocal Day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/PER-DAY
ucumCode: d-1
ucumCode: /d
unitSymbol: /day
elucidation: reciprocal of the unit day -- QUDT

SuperconductorEnergyGap
type: Class
comment: Width of the forbidden energy band in a superconductor.
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/SuperconductorEnergyGap
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106127898
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 12-37
elucidation: Width of the forbidden energy band in a superconductor.

JoulePerSquareCentiMetrePerDay
type: Class
comment: Radiant energy per 10⁻⁴ SI unit area over a period of one day. -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1.157407e-01
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
alternative label: Joules per square centimetre per day
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/J-PER-CentiM2-DAY
ucumCode: J.cm-2.d-1
unitSymbol: J/(cm²⋅day)
elucidation: Radiant energy per 10⁻⁴ SI unit area over a period of one day. -- QUDT

WattHourPerKilogram
type: Class
comment: A unit of specific energy commonly used to measure the density of energy in batteries and capacitors.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 3.6e+03
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
elucidation: A unit of specific energy commonly used to measure the density of energy in batteries and capacitors.
wikipediaReference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-hour_per_kilogram

QuarticLengthPerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLengthPerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+4 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'QuarticLengthPerTime'.

TungstenSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the tungsten atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: W
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the tungsten atom.

ElementaryPhoton
type: Class
comment: A boson with spin of 1 that carries electromagnetism.
elucidation: A boson with spin of 1 that carries electromagnetism.

hasSubProcess
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The relation between a process and one of its process parts.
elucidation: The relation between a process and one of its process parts.

TemporalTiling
type: Class
comment: A well formed tessellation with tiles that are all temporal.
subclass of: Restriction
elucidation: A well formed tessellation with tiles that are all temporal.

Quantity
type: Class
comment: VIM defines a quantity as a "property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference". A quantity in EMMO is a property and therefore only addresses the first part of the VIM definition (that is a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance). The second part (that it can be expressed as a number and a reference) is syntactic and addressed by emmo:QuantityValue.
comment: A quantifiable property of a phenomenon, body, or substance.
subclass of: Restriction
  qualified cardinality: 1
equivalent class: Class
alternative label: Measurand
example: length Rockwell C hardness electric resistance
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/schema/qudt/Quantity
elucidation: A quantifiable property of a phenomenon, body, or substance.
VIMTerm: quantity
VIMTerm: measurand

Subjective
type: Class
comment: The word subjective applies to property intrisically subjective or non-well defined. In general, when an black-box-like procedure is used for the definition of the property. This happens due to e.g. the complexity of the object, the lack of a underlying model for the representation of the object, the non-well specified meaning of the property symbols. A 'SubjectiveProperty' cannot be used to univocally compare 'Object'-s. e.g. you cannot evaluate the beauty of a person on objective basis.
comment: A coded conventional that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community) acting as black-box.
example: The beauty of that girl. The style of your clothing.
elucidation: A coded conventional that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community) acting as black-box.

Material
type: Class
comment: The class of individuals standing for an amount of ordinary matter substance (or mixture of substances) in different states of matter or phases.
comment: A instance of a material (e.g. nitrogen) can represent any state of matter. The fact that the individual also belongs to other classes (e.g. Gas) would reveal the actual form in which the material is found.
elucidation: The class of individuals standing for an amount of ordinary matter substance (or mixture of substances) in different states of matter or phases.
comment: Material usually means some definite kind, quality, or quantity of matter, especially as intended for use.

LeadSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the lead atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Pb
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the lead atom.

Screwing
type: Class
comment: Screwing (screwing on, screwing in, screwing tight) is joining by pressing on by means of a self-locking thread (from: DIN 8593 Part 3/09.85).
alternative label: Schrauben

MolarHelmholtzEnergy
type: Class
comment: Helmholtz energy per amount of substance.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88862986
ISO80000Reference: 9-6.3
elucidation: Helmholtz energy per amount of substance.

AreaPerTimeUnit
type: Class
comment: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTime'.
equivalent class: Restriction
  has value: T-1 L+2 M0 I0 Θ0 N0 J0
elucidation: The class of units with dimensionality 'AreaPerTime'.

SupplyChain
type: Class
comment: A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer.
elucidation: A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer.

TotalComposition
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction

qualified cardinality: 1

Perceptual
type: Class
comment: This class is the most general superclass for the categorization of contrasts that are perceivable through a specific human-related perception mechanism. This perspective is based on human characterization of perceptions. A 'Perceptual' can stand for another object in an EMMO described semiotic process (acting as sign or as object), just like a word on a paper (the perceptual object) may refer semiotically to another object. However, a perceptual is not necessarily a 'Sign' (e.g. a line sketched on a blackboard is a recognizable 'Perceptual' but it may stand for nothing). A 'Perceptual' becomes a semiotic object, when it is part of a 'Semiotic' process described by the ontologist within the EMMO, and it's done always specifying for which interpreter this relation occurs.
comment: The class constrast individuals standing for entities that can stimulate a perception (e.g. a retina impression) to a human being and that are categorized accordingly to human perception mechanisms.
equivalent class: Class
example: The meta-semiotic process: I see a cloud in the sky. Since I'm an EMMO ontologist, I create an individual named Cloud under the 'Perceptual' class, meaning that I recognize the cloud as an object thanks to a specific perceptual channel (e.g. through my eyes). This semiotic process occurs at meta-level: it's how I use the EMMO as tool for a direct representation of the world, understandable by others ontologists. The semiotic process within EMMO: My friend looks at the same cloud and says: "It is an elephant". I use the EMMO to record this experience by declaring: - my friend as MyFriend individual, belonging to 'Interpreter' classes - the sound of the word "elephant" as an acoustical perception individual named ElephantWord, belonging to 'Perceptual' - a relation hasSign between Cloud and ElephantWord, that makes ElephantWord also belonging to 'Sign' class and Cloud belonging also to 'Object' class - a 'Semiosis' individual called MyFriendElephantCloud that hasParticipant: Cloud, ElephantWord and MyFriend, respectively as object, sign and interpreter. So, the Perceptual class is here to categorized real-world objects at meta-level using common perceptual channels, for practical ontology usage. We could have represented the word "elephant" within a physicalistic approach, by identifying it as a pressure wave in the air.
example: A line scratched on a surface. A sound. A smell. The word 'cat' and the sound of the word 'cat' (the first one is graphical and the second acoustical).
elucidation: The class constrast individuals standing for entities that can stimulate a perception (e.g. a retina impression) to a human being and that are categorized accordingly to human perception mechanisms.

IronAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for iron.
subclass of: Restriction
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 55.845
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 26
elucidation: Atom subclass for iron.

Gluing
type: Class
comment: Process for joining two (base) materials by means of an adhesive polymer material
alternative label: Kleben

CadmiumSymbol
type: Class
comment: The symbol that stands for the cadmium atom.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Cd
elucidation: The symbol that stands for the cadmium atom.

SubProcess
type: Class
comment: A process which is an holistic spatial part of a process.
comment: In the EMMO the relation of participation to a process falls under mereotopology. Since topological connection means causality, then the only way for a real world object to participate to a process is to be a part of it.
example: Breathing is a subprocess of living for a human being.
elucidation: A process which is an holistic spatial part of a process.

SquareDeciMetre
type: Class
comment: 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e-02
alternative label: Square Decimetre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/DeciM2
ucumCode: dm2
unitSymbol: dm²
elucidation: 0.1-fold of the power of the SI base unit metre with the exponent 2 -- QUDT

NaturalLaw
type: Class
comment: A scientific theory that focuses on a specific phenomena, for which a single statement (not necessariliy in mathematical form) can be expressed.
elucidation: A scientific theory that focuses on a specific phenomena, for which a single statement (not necessariliy in mathematical form) can be expressed.

MetricPrefix
type: Class
comment: Dimensionless multiplicative unit prefix.
elucidation: Dimensionless multiplicative unit prefix.

PlatinumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for platinum.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 78
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 195.084
elucidation: Atom subclass for platinum.

hasStringValue
type: FunctionalProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO string data entity.
range: string

hasMeasurementUnit
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A conventional semiotic relation that relates a physical quantity to its unit.
example: Length hasUnit only LengthUnit

SandMolds
type: Class

PoyntingVector
type: Class
comment: Electric field strength multiplied by magnetic field strength.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: https://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/PoyntingVector
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504186
IEVReference: https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display
ISO80000Reference: 6-34
elucidation: Electric field strength multiplied by magnetic field strength.

Speed
type: Class
comment: Speed in the absolute value of the velocity.
comment: Length per unit time.
subclass of: Restriction
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Speed
ISO80000Reference: 3-8.2
elucidation: Length per unit time.
iupacReference: https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05852

NihoniumAtom
type: Class
comment: Atom subclass for nihonium.
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 286.182
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 113
elucidation: Atom subclass for nihonium.

VoltSecondPerMetre
type: Class
comment: product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit second divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 0e+00
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: 1e+00
alternative label: Volt Second Per Metre
qudtReference: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V-SEC-PER-M
ucumCode: V.s.m-1
unitSymbol: V⋅s/m
elucidation: product of the SI derived unit volt and the SI base unit second divided by the SI base unit metre -- QUDT

hasModel
type: ObjectProperty

BetaDisintegrationEnergy
type: Class
comment: Sum of the maximum beta-particle kinetic energy and the recoil energy of the atom produced in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration.
wikidataReference: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98148340
ISO80000Reference: 10-34
elucidation: Sum of the maximum beta-particle kinetic energy and the recoil energy of the atom produced in a reference frame in which the emitting nucleus is at rest before its disintegration.

MeasuringInstrument
type: Class
comment: Device used for making measurements, alone or in conjunction with one or more supplementary devices. -- VIM
comment: A measuring instrument that can be used alone is a measuring system.
elucidation: Device used for making measurements, alone or in conjunction with one or more supplementary devices. -- VIM
VIMTerm: measuring instrument